Asunto(s)
Calreticulina/genética , Proteínas de Fusión bcr-abl/genética , Secuenciación de Nucleótidos de Alto Rendimiento/métodos , Mutación/genética , Trastornos Mieloproliferativos/diagnóstico , Trastornos Mieloproliferativos/genética , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Secuencia de Bases , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Pronóstico , Homología de Secuencia de Ácido NucleicoRESUMEN
We studied the utility and clinical relevance of RUNX1 (runt-related transcription factor 1) mutations and their application as residual disease detection markers using next-generation deep-sequencing. Mutation screening was prospectively performed in 814 acute myeloid leukemia patients. At diagnosis, 211/814 (25.9%) patients harbored mutations with a median clone size of 39% (range: 2-96%). Furthermore, in 57 patients paired samples from diagnosis and relapse were analyzed. In 47/57 (82.5%) cases the same alterations detected at diagnosis were present at relapse, whereas in 1/57 (1.8%) cases the mutation from the diagnostic sample was no longer detectable. Discrepancies were observed in 9/57 (15.8%) cases, also including the occurrence of novel RUNX1 mutations not restricted to those regions affected at diagnosis. Moreover, in 103 patients the prognostic impact of residual levels of RUNX1 mutations during complete remission was studied. Separation of patients according to median residual mutation burden into 'good responders' and 'poor responders' (median: 3.61%; range: 0.03-48.0%) resulted in significant differences of both event-free (median 21.0 vs. 5.7 months, P<0.001) and overall survival (OS; median 56.9 vs. 32.0 months, P=0.002). In conclusion, deep-sequencing revealed that RUNX1 mutations qualify as patient-specific markers for individualized disease monitoring. The measurement of mutation load may refine the assignment into distinct risk categories and treatment strategies.
Asunto(s)
Subunidad alfa 2 del Factor de Unión al Sitio Principal/genética , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/genética , Mutación , Estudios de Cohortes , Humanos , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/patologíaRESUMEN
The prognostic impact of mutations in the CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (CEBPA) gene was evaluated in the context of concomitant molecular mutations and cytogenetic aberrations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). CEBPA was screened in a cohort of 2296 adult AML cases. Of 244 patients (10.6%) with CEBPA mutations, 140 cases (6.1%) were single-mutated (CEBPAsm) and 104 cases (4.5%) were double-mutated (CEBPAdm). Cytogenetic analysis revealed normal karyotype in 172/244 (70.5%) of CEBPAmut cases, whereas in 72/244 cases (29.5%) at least one cytogenetic aberration was detected. Concurrent molecular mutations were seen less frequently in CEBPAdm than in CEBPAsm AML cases (69.2% vs 88.6% P<0.001). In detail, the spectrum of concurrent mutations was different in both groups with the frequent occurrence of GATA1 and WT1 mutations in CEBPAdm patients. In contrast, FLT3-ITD, NPM1, ASXL1 and RUNX1 mutations were detected more frequently in CEBPAsm cases. Favorable outcome was restricted to CEBPAdm cases and remained an independent prognostic factor for a favorable outcome in multivariate analysis (hazard ratio: 0.438, P=0.020). Outcome in CEBPAsm cases strongly depended on concurrent FLT3-ITD. In conclusion, we propose that only CEBPAdm should be considered as an entity in the WHO classification of AML and should be clearly distinguished from CEBPAsm AML.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas Potenciadoras de Unión a CCAAT/genética , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/genética , Mutación , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunofenotipificación , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/clasificación , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/mortalidad , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Nucleofosmina , Pronóstico , Tirosina Quinasa 3 Similar a fms/fisiologíaAsunto(s)
Alelos , Eliminación de Gen , Genes Supresores de Tumor , Leucemia Mieloide/genética , Mutación , Neurofibromina 1/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Subunidad alfa 2 del Factor de Unión al Sitio Principal/genética , Femenino , Humanos , Hibridación Fluorescente in Situ , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neurofibromina 1/fisiologíaAsunto(s)
Crisis Blástica/genética , Leucemia Mielógena Crónica BCR-ABL Positiva/genética , Mutación , Aberraciones Cromosómicas , Subunidad alfa 2 del Factor de Unión al Sitio Principal/genética , Proteínas de Fusión bcr-abl/genética , Genes del Tumor de Wilms , Humanos , Factor de Transcripción Ikaros/genética , Proteínas Represoras/genéticaRESUMEN
DNA sequence enrichment from complex genomic samples using microarrays enables targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS). In this study, we combined 454 shotgun pyrosequencing with long oligonucleotide sequence capture arrays. We demonstrate the detection of mutations including point mutations, deletions and insertions in a cohort of 22 patients presenting with acute leukemias and myeloid neoplasms. Importantly, this one-step methodological procedure also allowed the detection of balanced chromosomal aberrations, including translocations and inversions. Moreover, the genomic representation of only one of the partner genes of a chimeric fusion on the capture platform also permitted identification of the novel fusion partner genes. Using acute myeloid leukemias harboring RUNX1 abnormalities as a model system, three novel chromosomal fusion sequences and KCNMA1 as a novel RUNX1 fusion partner gene were detected. This assay has the strong potential to become an important method for the comprehensive genetic characterization of particular leukemias and other malignancies harboring complex genomes.
