Effect of photon cervical vertebra massage instrument on improving neck pain and related functions in patients with chronic neck pain / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Red light therapy has the non-invasive and cost-effective characteristics,and is widely used in various acute and chronic pains in clinic.However,currently,the phototherapy equipment used in clinic is expensive and has certain site limitations,so it is necessary to explore more convenient and economical phototherapy applications. OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy of a self-developed photon cervical vertebra massage instrument for chronic neck pain. METHODS:From November 2022 to February 2023,24 patients with chronic neck pain were recruited from the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,including 18 females and 6 males,with a mean age of(29.67±6.40)years.The body mass index was(21.39±3.52)kg/m2.Photon cervical vertebra massage instrument was used twice a day for 20 minutes each time for four weeks.The changes in visual analog scale score,pressure pain threshold,neck active activity,neck disability index,and Pittsburgh sleep quality index were observed before,after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with before treatment,after four weeks of treatment,visual analog scale score,pressure pain threshold,neck disability index,and Pittsburgh sleep quality index were all improved(P<0.05),while some cervical motion(extension,left and right rotation)improved(P<0.05)after 4 weeks of treatment.(2)Bilateral visual analog scale scores,left trapezius muscle pressure pain threshold,C5C6 pressure pain threshold,and neck disability index improved after 2 weeks of treatment(P<0.05).(3)It is indicated that the application of photon cervical vertebra massage instrument can improve the pain score,muscle tenderness,sleep quality,functional level,and partial active activity of patients with chronic neck pain in a short period,and is a convenient,effective,and safe treatment method.

Evidence summary of surgical site infection prevention in adult inpatients based on guidelines and clini-cal decision making / 现代医院

Objective To provide evidence-based references for the prevention of surgical site infection(SSI)by sum-marizing the best evidence for the prevention of SSI in adult inpatients.Methods The'6S'evidence resource pyramid model was used to systematically search the related evidence in domestic and foreign databases,guideline websites,and academic socie-ty websites from the inception of the database to September 30,2023.Four researchers evaluated the quality of the included guidelines,and two researchers independently evaluated the quality of other types of literature and rated the level of evidence.Results A total of 12 articles were included,including 6 clinical decision making and 6 clinical guidelines.Thirty best items of the evidence were summarized from 7 aspects:diagnosis,clinical symptoms,influencing factors,patient prevention strategies,preventive strategies for medical staff,intraoperative and postoperative treatment,and consultation and education.Conclusion Clinical staff should develop a standardized management plan for infection prevention based on corresponding evidence to reduce the incidence of SSI instead of taking a single measurement.Moreover,they need to formulate a standardized work process for preventing SSI based on the clinical practice and patients'preference.

Verbascoside inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition in glioblastoma by down-regulating transforming growth factor β level / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of verbascoside (VB) on epithelial-mesenchymal transformation and its potential molecular mechanism in glioblastoma cells.Methods:(1) Glioblastoma cell lines T98 and U251 were routinely cultured in vitro. Cells were divided into 4 groups and treated with 0 μmol/L (controls), 20 μmol/L, 40 μmol/L, and 80 μmol/L VB for 24 h, respectively; CCK-8 was used to detect the cell viability; Transwell assay was used to evaluate the migration and invasion abilities; reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and Western blotting were conducted to examine the mRNA and protein expressions of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, vimentin and Snail, respectively. (2) T98 and U251 cells were divided into 4 groups: control group (cells being transfected with empty plasmid), VB group (cells being transfected with empty plasmid and treated by 40 μmol/L VB), TGF-β group (cells being transfected with TGF-β overexpression plasmid), TGF-β+VB group (cells being transfected with TGF-β overexpression plasmid and treated by 40 μmol/L VB); CCK-8 was used to detect the cell viability; Transwell assay was used to evaluate the migration and invasion abilities; RT-PCR and Western blotting were conducted to examine the mRNA and protein expressions of TGF-β, vimentin and Snail, respectively. (3) U251 cells were implanted subcutaneously into the nude mice; the mice were divided into VB group and control group ( n=8). The mice in the VB group were intraperitoneally injected with 100 mg/kg/d VB, and mice in the control group were injected with the same volume of PBS. Tumor size and mice body mass were recorded. At the end of the experiment, mice were sacrificed; tumors were removed and weighed. The protein expressions of TGF-β, vimentin and Snail in tumor tissues were detected by Western blotting. Results:(1) As compared with that in the 0 μmol/L VB group, the cell survival rate in the 20 μmol/L and 40 μmol/L VB group showed no significant difference ( P>0.05), while that in the 80 μmol/L VB group showed significant difference ( P<0.05). As compared with that in the 0 μmol/L VB group, the cell number migrating and invading into the lower chamber in the 20 and 40 μmol/L VB groups was significantly smaller as concentration increased, and the mRNA and protein expressions of TGF-β, Snail and vimentin were also downregulated successively, with signficant differences ( P<0.05). (2) As compared with the control group, the cell number that migrating and invading into the lower chamber, and protein expressions of TGF-β, vimentin, and Snail in the VB group were significantly decreased ( P<0.05); while as compared with the control group, the cell number that migrating and invading into the lower chamber, and protein expressions of TGF-β, vimentin, and Snail in the TGF-β group were significantly increased ( P<0.05); as compared with those in the VB group, the cell number that migrating and invading into the lower chamber, and protein expressions of TGF-β, vimentin, and Snail in the TGF-β and TGF-β+VB groups were significantly increased ( P<0.05). (3) As compared with the control group, the tumor volume and tumor weight in the VB group were statistically decreased, and the TGF-β, vimentin and Snail protein expressions in the VB group were significantly downregulated ( P<0.05); however, there was no significant difference in mice body weight between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:VB inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transformation in glioblastoma by suppressing the TGF-β expression.

Retrograde nerve growth factor signaling modulates tooth mechanical hyperalgesia induced by orthodontic tooth movement via acid-sensing ion channel 3 / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

Orthodontic tooth movement elicits alveolar bone remodeling and orofacial pain that is manifested by tooth mechanical hyperalgesia. Nerve growth factor (NGF) is upregulated in periodontium and may modulate tooth mechanical hyperalgesia. The objectives were to examine the role of NGF in tooth mechanical hyperalgesia and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Tooth mechanical hyperalgesia was induced by ligating closed coil springs between incisors and molars in Sprague-Dawley rats. Retrograde labeling was performed by periodontal administration of fluor-conjugated NGF and the detection of fluorescence in trigeminal ganglia (TG). Lentivirus vectors carrying NGF shRNA were employed to knockdown the expression of NGF in TG. The administration of agonists, antagonists, and virus vectors into TG and periodontium was conducted. Tooth mechanical hyperalgesia was examined through the threshold of biting withdrawal. Our results revealed that tooth movement elicited tooth mechanical hyperalgesia that could be alleviated by NGF neutralizing antibody and that NGF was upregulated in periodontium (mainly in periodontal fibroblasts) and TG. Retrograde labeling revealed that periodontal NGF was retrogradely transported to TG after day 1. Acid-sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3) and NGF were co-expressed in trigeminal neurons and the percentage of co-expression was significantly higher following tooth movement. The administration of NGF and NGF neutralizing antibody into TG could upregulate and downregulate the expression of ASIC3 in TG, respectively. NGF aggravated tooth mechanical hyperalgesia that could be alleviated by ASIC3 antagonist (APETx2). Moreover, NGF neutralizing antibody mitigated tooth mechanical hyperalgesia that could be recapitulated by ASIC3 agonist (GMQ). NGF-based gene therapy abolished tooth mechanical hyperalgesia and downregulated ASIC3 expression. Taken together, in response to force stimuli, periodontal fibroblasts upregulated the expressions of NGF that was retrogradely transported to TG, where NGF elicited tooth mechanical hyperalgesia through upregulating ASIC3. NGF-based gene therapy is a viable method in alleviating tooth-movement-induced mechanical hyperalgesia.

Resection of large and medium-sized meningiomas in the sellar region via neuroendoscope assisted supraorbital keyhole approach / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy of removal of large and medium-sized meningiomas in the sellar region via neuroendoscope assisted supraorbital keyhole approach.Methods:The clinical data of 13 patients with large and medium-sized meningiomas in the sellar region accepted surgery via neuroendoscope assisted supraorbital keyhole approach in our hospital from March 2017 to March 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The surgical efficacies of these patients were analyzed.Results:Total removal was achieved in all 13 patients: 2 were with Simpson I resection, and 11 with Simpson II resection. The vision was improved in all patients. After surgery, scalp hydrops appeared in 2 patients, transient diabetes insipidus in 2 patients, and recurrent hyponatremia and hypokalemia in one patient; these symptoms were relieved gradually for 2 weeks. No olfactory disturbance was noted in these 13 patients. Follow up for 3-18 months showed no recurrence, and Karnofsky performance status scores were≥80.Conclusion:Surgery via supraorbital keyhole approach is suitable for large and medium sized meningiomas in the sellar region, with advantages of beauty, minimal invasion, few postoperative complications and quick recovery.

Study on the characteristics of commercial sexual behavior and the risk factors analysis of HIV infection among the old male clients, in Guangxi / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To understand the current situation and characteristics of commercial sexual behavior among old male clients in Guangxi, and to explore the associated risk factors of HIV infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The areas in Guangxi where more old male HIV cases were reported followed by survey on those male clients who were over 60 years of age, were selected. A total of 5 ml blood sample was collected to test antibodies of HIV and syphilis. Risk factors were calculated by the multivariate logistic analysis method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 1 236 questionnaires were completed in the survey. 65.61% of the old male clients were from low-grade venues with 53.64% of them never using a condom when engaging in commercial sex behavior. 47.33% of them patronized sex workers for around 10 years. 53.32% of them patronized prostitutes not less than 2 times in the last 30 days. Thirty subjects were HIV positive (2.43%) and 40 were syphilis positive (3.24%). Factor as 'having fixed partners' (OR = 0.302, 95% CI:0.140-0.650) appeared protective for the old male clients of HIV infection, with a history of patronizing sex workers from 1 to 5 years (OR = 2.552, 95% CI: 1.086-5.998). Frequency of patronizing sex workers not less than 4 times in the last 30 days (OR = 3.002, 95%CI:1.047-8.607) seemed the high risk factor of HIV infection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Older-aged male clients showed high HIV and syphilis infection rates in Guangxi, and most of them were using the low-grade venues. Commercial sexual behaviors in the areas would include early and, frequent exposure, but with poor protections. High risk factors of HIV infection might relate to "no fixed sexual partners" and "frequently commercial sexual behavior".</p>

Cost-effectiveness of the HIV screening program carried out in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region infectious disease special demonstration project areas / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the cost effectiveness of HIV screening project in three Guangxi infectious disease special demonstration project countries in 2013.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>To calculate the funds used for the HIV screening project and to study the data on HIV/AIDS and HAART. A five-tree markov model was used to evaluate the quality adjusted life year (QALY) of this HIV screening project and to analyze the related cost effectiveness of the project.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The cost of HIV screening in Guangxi infectious disease special demonstration project areas was 19.205 million Yuan and having identified 1 218 HIV/AIDS patients. The average costs for HIV/AIDS positive detection in three project countries were 14.562, 18.424 and 14.042 thousand Yuan per case. The QALYs gained from finding a HIV/AIDS case were 12.736, 8.523 and 8.321 on average, with the total number of QALYs gained from the project as 5 973.184, 3 613.752 and 2 704.325. The overall cost effectiveness ratio of the project was 1.562 thousand Yuan per QALY, and 1.143, 2.162 and 1.688 thousand Yuan per QALY in these three project countries. Project country "A" showed better cost effectiveness index than country B and C.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The HIV screening project in Guangxi seemed relatively cost-effective but the average cost of HIV/AIDS positive detection was expensive. To strengthen HAART work for HIV/AIDS could improve the cost-effective of the project.</p>

Clinical analysis of stereotactic surgical treatment of treat-resistant obsessive compulsive disorder / 中国神经精神疾病杂志

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of stereotactic surgical treatment and postoperative cognitive functions in patients with treat-resistant obsessive compulsive disorder(TRO). Methods Twelve patients with TRO receiving MRI stereotactic bilateral anterior capsulotomy was retrospectively studied. The evaluation was conducted using the Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive rating scale (Y-BOCS),Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised in China (WAIS-RC),Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised in China(WMS-R), Modified Version of Wisconsin Card Sorting Tests (M-WCST) before and 6 months after the operation. Results The scores of Y-BOCS was 5.00(1.00,12.25) and 25.00 (20.25,32.00) after and before surgery, respectively. The scores of Y-BOCS were significantly lower after surgery than before (P0.05).There were significant improvements in several cognitive tests after surgery including im-mediately logical memory 20.00(12.50,24.00),delayed logical memory16.50(11.50,21.75),immediately visual reproduc- tion 12.00(11.00,14.00),delayed visual reproduction11.00(8.50,14.00) and block design test scores 36.50(29.75,46.75), immediately logical memory14.00(13.00,18.75),delayed logical memory 14.50 (8.75,17.00),immediately visual reproduc-tion 11.00(6.50,11.75),delayed visual reproduction 8.50(6.25,10.00) and block design test scores 30.50(21.00,41.50) (P<0.05). Conclusions MRI-guided bilateral anterior internal capsulotomy is effective and safe treatment for patients with TRO and can improve their cognitive function.