[Influence of the peptides, isolated from kumys and a sour milk of Mechikov on some parameters of immunity in animals, who underwent an immobilization-cold stress].

The influence of peptide fractions, discharged of kumys (SK) and a sour milk of Mechnikov (PMS) on some parameters of immunity experimental animal, transferred a stress is investigated. The outcomes of examinations have shown, that SK promotes correction of immune violations called by action of a stress. So the introduction SK animal one day prior to a stress renders expressed immunoregulatory an operation on a content of neutrocytes and metabolism in them, depending from Oxygenium, promotes a raise of number of T lymphocytes in a blood animal transferred a stress. The peptide fraction, discharged of a sour milk of Mechnikov (PMS) does not render essential influence on the above-stated parameters.

[Effect of the preparation baliz-2 on the integrative brain activity and biogenic amine metabolism in rats under stress]. / Vliianie preparata baliz-2 na integrativnuiu deiatel'nost' mozga i obmen biogennykh aminov u stressirovannykh krys.

Effects of balis-2 on exploratory activity in the open field and elevated plus-maze, attention to sensory stimuli of different modalities, elaboration and retention of conditioned reflexes with food reinforcement, were studied in rats under stress. Prolonged treatment of rats with balis-2 seems to normalise integrative activity and metabolism of serotonine and dopamine in the animal brain.

[Various biochemical indices of wound healing during treatment with preparation SK]. / Nekotorye biokhimicheskie pokazateli ranevogo protsessa pri deistvii preparata SK.

There was investigated that the change of isoenzyme spectrum of laktatdegidrogenaze (LDG) in the dynamic of rats skin wounds healing, and also the activity of some antioxidative enzymes and the accumulation of one lipid peroxidation product (LJO). It was discovered that the enzyme spectrum LDG was reconstructed faster with treated animals by SK preparation. The phase of antioxidative enzymes activity and accumulation of some LFO products were recognized. SQ, the increasing of the katalaza activity in group, where the SK was used.

[The functional-structural characteristics of the neurons in cultured explants of the cerebral cortex of rats subjected to immobilization-cold exposure in the prenatal developmental period]. / Funktsional'no-strukturnye osobennosti neironov v kul'tiviruemykh éksplantatakh kory golovnogo mozga krys, podvergnutykh immobilizatsionno-kholodovomu vozdeistviiu v prenatal'nyi period razvitiia.

A tissue culture was obtained from the sensorimotor cortex of rat embryos after keeping pregnant animals under immobilization-cold stress. The functional state of culture was determined by RNA synthesis intensity. On analysing the tissue morphology, much attention was paid to the pattern of cytoskeleton (microtubules and microfilaments) of neuronal processes. For both periods of cultivation (7 and 14 days), the levels of RNA synthesis in culture of stressed animals were weaker than in the control one by 44 and 34%, resp. After 2 weeks of incubation the density of microtubules, i.e. the number of microtubules per process width, was reduced by 26% in profiles of dendrites. No changes in the number of microfilaments were detected. Besides, destruction of the neuron cytoplasm, redistribution of microtubules within dendrites, and reduction in the number of synaptic endings were noticed. All these alterations seem to be caused by lowering the capability of neurons to form their processes.

[Nerve regeneration under the influence of baliz-2 and laktovit]. / Regeneratsiia nervov pod vliianiem baliza-2 i laktovita.

Reparative processes in the sciatic nerve of rats were studied by histological methods after a cryogenic injury with a combined and separate action of drugs Lactovit and Balise-2. The animals were divided into 5 groups: I--intact animals; II--control animals; III--animals treated with Balise-2; IV--animals treated with Lactovit; V--animals treated with both Balise-2 and Lactovit. In the nerve trunk within 75 days after injury (the maximum period of observation) the amount of thick myelin fibers with a diameter 6.8 mkm in the second group was 18%, in the third group--36%, in the fourth group--40%, in the fifth group--48%. Balise-2 mainly influenced differentiation of nerve fibers, while Lactovit first increased growth of the axons and then accelerated their differentiation and myelinization. Joint application of the drugs resulted in convergence of positive effects which was expressed by the greatest degree of reparation of the nerve trunk in the animals of the fifth group as compared with control.

[Analysis of the immunomodulating action of SK in mice of various strains]. / Analiz immunomoduliruiushchego deistviia SK u mushei raznykh linii.

Peculiarities of immunomodulative action of different mice breeds' SK have been determined by changes of activity level of 5'-nucleotidase in macrophages from peritoneal exudate (MPE) and by changes of animals' sensitivity to staphylococcus infection. It has been established that the character of SK influence on activity level of 5'-nucleotidase in MPE and resistance depends on dose, type of administration and the mice breed. Revealed by hypodermic injection, dependence between the activity of 5'-nucleotidase in MPE and sensitivity to staphylococcus infection, whose character was determined by animals' genotype, had straight character in C57Bl/6 mice, and reverse character in CBA mice.

[The growth-stimulating action of the preparation Balis-2 on sympathetic ganglia in culture]. / Roststimuliruiushchee deistvie preparata baliz-2 na simpaticheskie ganglii v kul'ture.

The effect of Balis-2 drug on the growth and differentiation of nervous tissue was studied on organotypic culture of the sympathetic ganglia. It was established that this agent is able to stimulate fiber outgrowth from explant and increase mean value of the maximal magnitude of the zone of the growth by concentration 0.001% and 0.0001%. It was found that Balis-2 drug is able to increase the intensity of reaction by 1.8-2 times. It is suggested that Balis-2 drug can be used as a new neurotropic agent.

[Effect of the preparation baliz-2 on the growth of cultures of sympathetic ganglia from various strains of rats]. / Vliianie preparata baliz-2 na rost kul'tur simpaticheskikh gangliev krys razlichnykh linii.

The effect of the baliz-2 drug (0.01%, 0.001%, 0.0001%) on the growth and differentiation of nervous tissue was studied on organotypic cultures of the sympathetic ganglia of newborn Wistar, Wag, August rats. The growth zone of explants in living cultures and histochemical stained preparations were analyzed for catecholamine-containing neurites. It has been established that control value of growth intensity for August ganglia is 2.1 2.0 times lower than for Wistar and Wag. The baliz-2 drug at concentration 0.001% and 0.0001% is able to stimulate fibre outgrowth from the explant. Mean values of the reaction are different: they are maximal for August rats (2.3-2.6 times higher than the control), while for Wistar and Wag rats they are 1.8-2.0 times higher than the control. These results provide evidence that the baliz-2 drug is a neurotrophic agent for sympathetic ganglia in culture. The results are discussed in terms of the role of the sympathetic-adrenal system in the nervous tissue regeneration.

[Action of baliz on the ultrastructure and toxin formation of Staphylococcus aureus]. / Izuchenie deistviia baliza na ul'trastrukturu i toksinoobrazovanie u Staphylococcus aureus.

The effect of the antibacterial preparation Balysum on the ultrastructure of S. aureus, as well as on the process of the formation of alpha-toxin and the secretion of plasmacoagulase in this organism, has been studied. Balysum at a concentration of 8% (as used in clinical practice) has been found to induce changes in the ultrastructure of S. aureus as early as within the first 10 minutes. The maximum effect of the preparation is manifested in 60 minutes. At an early period of incubation damages occur in the cell-surface structures and, to a certain extent, in the membrane-ribosomal apparatus. The increased time of incubation leads to more profound changes in these structures and even to the death of the cell. In a highly toxic strain of S. aureus Balysum has proved to decrease the formation of alpha-toxin 4 times, while having no effect on the results of the plasma coagulation test.

[Application of lytic enzymes for disruption of microbial cell walls to isolate DNA]. / Primenenie preparata liticheskikh fermentov dlia razrusheniia kletochiykh stenok mikroorganizmov s-tsel'iu vydeleniia iz nikh DNK.

The possibility of isolating DNA from yeast and actinomycete cells, previously exposed to enzymic disruption, was explored. The enzyme was produced from Actinomyces griseinus II. The highest yield of DNA from microbial cells was obtained as a result of detergent pretreatment of the yeast and actinomycetes and subsequent disruption of cell walls with the above enzyme.