Biological Rhythms, Chrono-Nutrition, and Gut Microbiota: Epigenomics Insights for Precision Nutrition and Metabolic Health.

Circadian rhythms integrate a finely tuned network of biological processes recurring every 24 h, intricately coordinating the machinery of all cells. This self-regulating system plays a pivotal role in synchronizing physiological and behavioral responses, ensuring an adaptive metabolism within the environmental milieu, including dietary and physical activity habits. The systemic integration of circadian homeostasis involves a balance of biological rhythms, each synchronically linked to the central circadian clock. Central to this orchestration is the temporal dimension of nutrient and food intake, an aspect closely interwoven with the neuroendocrine circuit, gut physiology, and resident microbiota. Indeed, the timing of meals exerts a profound influence on cell cycle regulation through genomic and epigenetic processes, particularly those involving gene expression, DNA methylation and repair, and non-coding RNA activity. These (epi)genomic interactions involve a dynamic interface between circadian rhythms, nutrition, and the gut microbiota, shaping the metabolic and immune landscape of the host. This research endeavors to illustrate the intricate (epi)genetic interplay that modulates the synchronization of circadian rhythms, nutritional signaling, and the gut microbiota, unravelling the repercussions on metabolic health while suggesting the potential benefits of feed circadian realignment as a non-invasive therapeutic strategy for systemic metabolic modulation via gut microbiota. This exploration delves into the interconnections that underscore the significance of temporal eating patterns, offering insights regarding circadian rhythms, gut microbiota, and chrono-nutrition interactions with (epi)genomic phenomena, thereby influencing diverse aspects of metabolic, well-being, and quality of life outcomes.

Indicadores para evaluar la correspondencia entre pertinencia y calidad en los egresados de Ciencias Médicas / Indicators to assess the correspondence between relevance and quality in graduates of Medical Sciences

Introducción:El reto que la sociedad actual propone a las universidades consiste en formar profesionales capaces de afrontar demandas laborales, desarrollar habilidades que les permita solucionar eficazmente las necesidades sociales, combinando conocimiento y habilidades intelectuales, manuales, sociales, actitudes para afrontar un problema profesional. Objetivo: Identificar los indicadores que permitan evaluar la correspondencia entre pertinencia del egresado de las Ciencias Médicas y la calidad de los servicios prestados en las instituciones de Atención Secundaria de Salud, provincia Mayabeque.Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal de abril 2018 a abril 2019 en las entidades de Atención Secundaria de Salud. El universo estuvo constituido por 250 graduados de las carreras de Ciencias Médicas, 100 estudiantes de Medicina, 50 de Estomatología y 100 de Indicadores para evaluar la correspondencia entre pertinencia y calidad en los egresados Tecnología de la Salud vinculados a las instituciones objeto de estudio y 100 pacientes que acudieron solicitando atención en el periodo estudiado. Resultados: Se identificaron 12 Indicadores para evaluar la pertinencia del egresado de las carreras de Ciencias Médicas, 26 Indicadores para caracterizar la calidad de los servicios brindados en las instituciones de Atención Secundaria de Salud y la correspondencia entre los indicadores de pertinencia y calidad Conclusiones: Existe correspondencia entre pertinencia del egresado de las carreras de Ciencias Médicas y la calidad de los servicios brindados en las instituciones de Atención Secundaria de Salud de la provincia Mayabeque. La correspondencia entre pertinencia y calidad será más eficiente en la medida en que se logre que los profesionales apliquen conocimientos y habilidades para solucionar.(AU)

Introduction:The challenge that today's society proposes to universities is to train professionals capable of facing job demands, developing skills that allow them to effectively solve social needs, combining knowledge and intellectual, manual, social skills, attitudes to face a professional problem. Objective: To identify the indicators that allow evaluating the correspondence between the relevance of the graduate of Medical Sciences and the quality of the services provided in the Secondary Health Care institutions, Mayabeque province. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was performed from April 2018 to April 2019 in the entities of Secondary Health Care. The universe was made up of 250 graduates from Medical Sciences careers, 100 Medicine, 50 Stomatology and 100 Health Technology students linked to the institutions under study and 100 patients who came seeking care in the period studied.Results:Twelve Indicators were identified to assess the relevance of the graduate of Medical Sciences careers, 26 indicators to characterize the quality of the services provided in the Secondary Health Care institutions and the correspondence between the indicators of relevance and quality. Conclusions: There is a correspondence between the relevance of the graduate of Medical Sciences careers and the quality of the services provided in the Secondary Health Care institutions of Mayabeque province. The correspondence between relevance and quality will be more efficient to the extent that professionals apply knowledge and skills to solve the population's health needs.(AU)