[DNA-hydrolyzing IgG antibodies from the blood of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome].

DNAase activity of 110 samples of IgG from the blood of AIDS patients was analyzed. It was shown that the relative activity of preparations varies very much from patient to patient, but 96% preparations show detectable level of DNAase activity. Several rigid criteria were applied and it was shown that DNAase activity is an intrinsic property of antibodies from AIDS patients. It was shown that catalytic activity could posses not only intact IgG, but also separated light chains of polyclonal antibodies. The abzymes catalyze DNA hydrolysis effectively in a wild range of pH (5.0-9.5). K(M) and V(MaKC) values of antibody-dependent hydrolysis of DNA was estimated.

[Analysis of polymorphism of the interleukin-4 gene of healthy and HIV-infected persons]. / Analiz polimorfizma gena interleikina-4 u zdorovykh i VICH-infitsirovannykh lits.

The distribution of the allel variants of the promoter area (C = 590T) of the interleukin-4 (IL-4) gene in HIV-infected and relatively healthy representatives of the Caucasoid population has been studied. The relationship between the genotypes of this polymorphism and the production of IL-4 by mononuclear cells of peripheral blood as well as distribution of IL-4 genotypes among males and females is analyzed. The occurrence of the homozygous combination of the allel variant C/C of the promoter of IL-4 has been shown to prevail almost twofold over the occurrence of the variant C/T among healthy donors and HIV-infected patients. Sexual differences play an essential role in the character of inheriting the allel variants of the genes of IL-4, the presence of the homozygous variant C/C or T/T being a risk factor of HIV infection in males. As revealed in this study, in the peripheral blood of healthy donors mononuclear cells having genotype C/C differ from cells with the heterozygous variant C/T in higher spontaneous production of IL-4 and, simultaneously, in lower capacity for the activation of its production in response to stimulation with mitogen. In HIV-infected patients mononuclear cells differ in higher spontaneous production of IL-4 in comparison with controls. We may thus infer that the human genotype controlling the initial level of the production of IL-4 by lymphocytes Th2 may influence the intensity of antibody production in the process of infection.

[The fibronectin level in patients with rheumatic heart defects undergoing cardiac surgical interventions]. / Soderzhanie fibronektina u bol'nykh s revmaticheskimi porokami serdtsa pri kardiokhirurgicheskikh vmeshatel'stvakh.

Time course of serum fibronectin is investigated in cardiosurgical patients administered different immunocorrective treatments. The authors propose using fibronectin content as a prognostic criterion in this patient population during the postoperative period.

[Clinical and immunologic criteria of the activity of different variants of the course of rheumatoid arthritis]. / Kliniko-immunologicheskie kriterii aktivnosti razlichnykh variantov techeniia revmatoidnogo artrita.

Clinical and immunological studies were carried out in 24 IgM-RF seropositive and 10 seronegative patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Manifest disorders of microcirculation were noted in the examinees, which was confirmed by changes in platelet hemostasis, detection of antibodies to cardiolipins and of Von Willebrandt's factor antigen, and a high level of circulating immune complexes. Analysis of laboratory and immunological findings showed an association of extraarticular symptoms of RA and detection of anticardiolipin antibodies and Von Willebrandt's factor antigen. The activity of the pathological process correlated with the time course of these parameters.

[Comparative characterization of results of the immunoenzyme method of interleukin-1 determination in blast transformation reaction with indomethacin]. / Savnitel'naia kharakteristika rezul'tatov opredeleniia interleikina-1 immunofermentnym metodom i v reaktsii blasttransformatsii s indometatsinom.

Comparison of the results of blast transformation test and enzyme immunoassay of interleukin-1 in the blood serum and culture fluid demonstrated that assessment of phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-effected level of proliferative activity of lymphocytes is more informative for the diagnosis of manifest forms of HIV infection. Combined addition of PHA and indomethacin to cell culture by shifting the balance between prostaglandin E and interleukin-1 helps assess the contribution of macrophages to the development of HIV infection.

[Causes of false-positive results in serological studies of HIV infection]. / Prichiny lozhnopolozhitel'nykh rezul'tatov serologicheskogo issledovaniia na VICh-infektsiiu.

Analysis of the results of testing 150880 serum samples with the Antigen and Recombinant-HIV types test systems, manufactured in Russia, has demonstrated the relationship between the false-positive results and the type of the test system employed and the category of the examined subjects. Depletion of the sera with NaCl and CO2 reduced the incidence of false-positive results in analyses of the pregnant women's sera. Examinations of the sera in the Combi-HIV test system have revealed E. coli antigens in 8.8% of the sera.

[The role of macrophages in mediating the immunostimulating effects of low-frequency ultrasound]. / Rol' makrofagov v oposredovanii immunostimuliruiushchikh éffektov nizkochastotnogo ul'trazvuka.

The action of low-frequency ultrasound on the body has been shown to lead to the stimulation of specific immune response, as well as immunological memory cells. The effects of low-frequency ultrasound are seemingly realized through the macrophage system of immunity, i. e. the action of ultrasound leads to the stimulation of the functional activity of macrophages, their metabolism, while blocking the macrophage system of immunity with carraginal abolishing the effects of ultrasound.

[The effect of autologous blood transfusions on immunity in operated on neurosurgical patients]. / Vliianie autogemotransfuzii na immunitet u operirovannykh neirokhirurgicheskikh bol'nykh.

The authors studied the effect of transfusion of autologous and donor blood during neurosurgical operations on the immunity of patients with tumors of the central nervous system in the postoperative period. Autohemotransfusion proved to be more effective in preventing immunodeficient states in the postoperative period, which was documented by increase of the absolute number of T-lymphocytes, stabilization of the content of immunoglobulins of the main classes, and decrease in the number of circulating immune complexes as compared to the initial values. The immunocorrective properties of donor blood yield noticeably to those of autologous blood.

[Immunocorrecting properties of low-frequency ultrasound]. / Immunokorrigiruiushchie svoistva nizkochastotnogo ul'trazvuka.

The possibility to correct the secondary immunodeficient state by means of two- and three-fold low frequency ultrasound effect on the spleen has been demonstrated on mice of CBA strain. It makes it possible to use low-frequency ultrasound on a large scale in the clinical practice.

[Clinico-immunological characteristics of schizophrenia patients based on neurocytotoxic test data]. / Kliniko-immunologicheskaia kharakteristika bol'nykh shizofreniei po dannym neirotsitotoksicheskogo testa.

A clinico-immunological examination involved 39 patients with a prolonged unfavourable course of schizophrenia at the stage of disease exacerbation. Cytotoxic cerebral antibodies determined in the subcomissural organ-glomerular zone of the adrenal cortex model were found in 94.8% of those studied which was significantly higher than the amount of complement binding antibodies (59.0%). The cytotoxic action of sera was paralleled by the neurosensitization of T lymphocytes in the presence of their functional activity decrease. Many seropositive patients exhibited an increase in one, two or three classes of immunoglobulins which appears to confirm indirectly the correlation between the above phenomena. A comprehensive clinico-immunological examination of schizophrenic patients should facilitate a more profound insight into the pathogenesis of the disease and the selection of the appropriate therapy.

[Effect of ultrasound on cellular and humoral immunity factors]. / Vliianie ul'trazvuka na kletochnye i gumoral'nye faktory immuniteta.

Experiments on CBA mice were performed to explore the changes in the body immunoreactivity induced by low intensity ultrasound. A study was made of the content of lysozyme, properdine, T and B rosette-forming lymphocytes, and complement in the peripheral blood, the histophysiological properties of the lymphoid organs, and the titer of pertussis antibodies. It has been disclosed that ultrasound has a stimulant effect, primarily on the T system immunity, which was confirmed during immunization with B. pertussis vaccine. The stimulant effect has been also supported by histostructural analysis of the lymphoid organs.

[Histophysiologic characteristics of the subcommissural organ during isolated suppression of the functional activity of the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal gland]. / Gistofiziologicheskaia kharakteristika subkommural'nogo organa mozga v usloviiakh izolirovannogo podavleniia funktsional'noi aktivnosti klubochkovoi zony nadpochechnika.

The effect of prolonged administration of heparin on the histophysiological characteristics of the subcomissural organ (SCO) of the brain and adrenal glomerular zone (AGZ) was studied in 30 male rats. It was established that heparin inhibits the functional activity of AGZ adrenocorticocytes. This is associated with the lowered content of 3-beta-ol-steroid dehydrogenase, RNA, total protein, and a decrease in the zone width (by 50%). Ependimocytes of brain SCO show an abruptly reduced activity of glutamate dehydrogenase, NAD-dependent alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase acid phosphatase, which is evidence of their secretory function inhibition. The changes indicate the presence of the functional relationship between the ependimocytes of brain SCO and AGZ adrenocorticocytes as well as to the participation of brain SCO in AGZ function control.

[Mechanism of the immunosuppressive effect of the adrenoblocker butyroxan on development of the primary immune response]. / K mekhanizmu immunosuppressivnogo vliianiia adrenoblokatora butiroksana na formirovanie pervichnogo immunnogo otveta.

The immunization of mice with sheep red blood cells simultaneously with the injection of Butyroxane, an alpha-adrenoblocker produced in the USSR, revealed the suppression and changes in the time course of the primary immune response. The suppression of the antibody production was shown to be caused not only by a decrease in the number of antibody-producing cells, detected in Yerne's test, but also by deceleration of their differentiation, the suppression of metabolism and functional activity.

[Detection of the neurotropic properties of the serum of schizophrenia patients]. / Vyiavlenie neirotropnykh svoistv syvorotki bol'nykh shizofreniei.

A method of testing neurotropic properties of the serum of schizophrenic patients is proposed. This method was tested on 27 schizophrenic patients and based on experimental data. In all cases there was a narrowing of the width of the glomerular zone in the adrenal glands of rats administered the serum of schizophrenic patients intravenously. There was a significant difference in the width of the zone depending upon the stage of the disease and exacerbation, while in experiments, depending upon the presence of antibodies to brain subcommissural organs.