Ultrahigh Sensitivity for Thermographic Human-Machine Interface via Precious Metals Atomic Layer Deposition on V-MXene: Computational and Experimental Exploration.

Global healthcare based on the Internet of Things system is rapidly transforming to measure precise physiological body parameters without visiting hospitals at remote patients and associated symptoms monitoring. 2D materials and the prevailing mood of current ever-expanding MXene-based sensing devices motivate to introduce first the novel iridium (Ir) precious metal incorporated vanadium (V)-MXene via industrially favored emerging atomic layer deposition (ALD) techniques. The current work contributes a precise control and delicate balance of Ir single atomic forms or clusters on the V-MXene to constitute a unique precious metal-MXene embedded heterostructure (Ir-ALD@V-MXene) in practical real-time sensing healthcare applications to thermography with human-machine interface for the first time. Ir-ALD@V-MXene delivers an ultrahigh durability and sensing performance of 2.4% °C-1 than pristine V-MXene (0.42% °C-1), outperforming several conventionally used MXenes, graphene, underscoring the importance of the Ir-ALD innovative process. Aberration-corrected advanced ultra-high-resolution transmission/scanning transmission electron microscopy confirms the presence of Ir atomic clusters on well-aligned 2D-layered V-MXene structure and their advanced heterostructure formation (Ir-ALD@V-MXene), enhanced sensing mechanism is investigated using density functional theory (DFT) computations. A rational design empowering the Ir-ALD process on least explored V-MXene can potentially unfold further precious metals ALD-process developments for next-generation wearable personal healthcare devices.

Efficient evaluation of a three-dimensional eye-box in a near-eye display using light-field acquisition of luminance distribution.

We propose, what we believe to be, a novel assessment methodology for evaluating three-dimensional (3D) characteristics of an eye-box volume in a near-eye display (NED) using a light-field (LF) data acquired at a single measuring distance. In contrast to conventional evaluation methods for the eye-box, where a light measuring device (LMD) changes its position in lateral and longitudinal directions, the proposed method requires an LF of the luminance distribution (LFLD) for the NEDs captured only at the single observation distance, and the 3D eye-box volume is evaluated via a simple post-analysis. We explore an LFLD-based representation for the efficient evaluation of the 3D eye-box, and the theoretical analysis is validated by simulation results using Zemax OpticStudio. As experimental verifications, we acquired an LFLD for an augmented reality NED at a single observation distance. The assessed LFLD constructed a 3D eye-box successfully over the distance range of 20 mm, which included assessment conditions where it was hard to measure the light rays' distributions directly in the conventional methodologies. The proposed method is further verified by comparing with actual observed images of the NED both inside and outside of the evaluated 3D eye-box.

Clinical Impact of Dysglycemia in Patients with an Acute Myocardial Infarction.

This study aimed to determine the impact of dysglycemia on myocardial injury and cardiac dysfunction in acute myocardial infarctions (AMIs). From 2005 to 2016, a total of 1,593 patients with AMIs who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention were enrolled. The patients were classified into five groups according to the admission glucose level: ≤80, 81 to 140, 141 to 200, 201 to 260, and ≥261 mg/dL. The clinical and echocardiographic parameters and 30-day mortality were analyzed. The peak troponin I and white blood cell levels had a positive linear relationship to the admission glucose level. The left ventricular ejection fraction had an inverted U-shape trend, and the E/E' ratio was U-shaped based on euglycemia. The 30-day mortality also increased as the admission glucose increased, and the cut-off value for predicting the mortality was 202.5 mg/dL. Dysglycemia, especially hyperglycemia, appears to be associated with myocardial injury and could be another adjunctive parameter for predicting mortality in patients with AMIs.

Pre-compensation method for optimizing recording process of holographic optical element lenses with spherical wave reconstruction.

We propose a pre-compensated recording process of holographic optical element (HOE) lenses, where both of reference and signal waves have spherical wavefronts, for solving a wavelength mismatch problem between the recording and displaying process. Based on a localized approximation for aperiodic volume gratings, the wavelength mismatch and shrinkage effects are pre-compensated by optimizing the recording setup of HOE lenses, so that the Bragg condition of each local grating is satisfied. In order to realize the practical implementations of recording setup, complicated wavefronts to be required for the wavelength and shrinkage compensation are approximated into spherical waves. The simulation results using the volume hologram models of OpticStudio verify that the undesirable focal shift and color breakup problems in the HOE lens due to the wavelength mismatch are compensated. Displaying experiments using a full-color HOE lens with the field of view of 30° are presented, where the maximum wavelength mismatch between the recording and displaying process is 17 nm.

pH-Responsive quencher-free molecular beacon systems containing 2'-deoxyuridine units labeled with fluorene derivatives.

Three fluorescent nucleosides-UFL, UAF, and UDAF, containing fluorene, 2-aminofluorene, and 2-dimethylaminofluorene units, respectively, covalently attached to 2'-deoxyuridine-have been incorporated into the central positions of oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) to examine the effects of their flanking bases (FBs) and pH on the emission properties upon hybridization with fully matched and single-base-mismatched targets. The ODN containing UFL and cytosine-FBs in the pH range from 5.5 to 8.0 and the ODN containing UDAF and cytosine-FBs under slightly acidic conditions (pH 6.0-6.5) exhibited dramatic increases in fluorescence only upon duplex formation with their fully matched target DNAs.