Solidagenone from Solidago chilensis Meyen Protects against Acute Peritonitis and Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Shock by Regulating NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

Anti-inflammatory agents are widely used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Nevertheless, the associated side effects of the available drugs make it necessary to search for new anti-inflammatory drugs. Here, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of solidagenone. Initially, we observed that a single dose of 30, 60, or 90 mg/kg of solidagenone did not result in mortality or elicit any discernible signs of toxicity in mice. At the same doses, solidagenone promoted a significant reduction in the migration of neutrophils in an acute peritonitis model and decreased mortality in a lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxic shock model. Interestingly, treatment with solidagenone conferred a protective effect against leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, hematological disorders commonly observed in sepsis conditions. In addition, treatment with all the doses of solidagenone promoted a significant reduction in nitric oxide, TNF-α, and IL-1ß levels relative to the LPS-stimulated vehicle-treated cultures. Furthermore, gene expression and in silico analyses also supported the modulation of the NF-κB pathway by solidagenone. Finally, in silico pharmacokinetics predictions indicated a favorable drugability profile for solidagenone. Taken together, the findings of the present investigation show that solidagenone exhibits significant anti-inflammatory properties in acute experimental models, potentially through the modulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway.

Film-Forming, Moisturizing, and Sensory Properties of a Cosmetic Formulation Containing Tara Gum and Brazilian Berry Extracts.

The development of cosmetic formulations with moisturizing and film-forming properties has been very important to help keep skin physiology and protection. In this context, this study aimed to develop a cosmetic formulation containing Tara gum and Brazilian berry extract and evaluate its physical-mechanical, film-forming, and sensory properties. A gel formulation was developed based on Tara gum added to Plinia cauliflora extract and was characterized by its spreadability profile and sensory properties. A clinical study was carried out with ten participants to evaluate the skin microrelief, stratum corneum water content, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and skin morphological characteristics by reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) before and after 2 h of application of the formulations. The formulation with Brazilian berry significantly decreased the work of shear parameter, which can be correlated with improved spreadability in the sensory analysis. The clinical study showed that both formulations improved skin hydration and reduced the TEWL. The RCM imaging analysis showed the visible film on the skin surface, a decrease in the size of furrows, an increase in the reflectance of the interkeratinocytes, and reflectance of the stratum corneum for both formulations. These results were more pronounced for the formulation containing Brazilian berry. The Tara gum in the gel formulation promoted the formation and visualization of a polymeric net on the stratum corneum surface, demonstrated by the images obtained from RCM. However, the formulation added with the Brazilian berry extract improved the skin microrelief, honeycomb pattern of the epidermis, and skin hydration in deeper layers of the epidermis.

Bacillus species as tools for biocontrol of plant diseases: A meta-analysis of twenty-two years of research, 2000-2021.

The traditional way of dealing with plant diseases has been the use of chemical products, but these harm the environment and are incompatible with the global effort for sustainable development. The use of Bacillus and related species in the biological control of plant diseases is a trend in green agriculture. Many studies report the positive effect of these bacteria, but a synthesis is still necessary. So, the objective of this work is to perform a meta-analysis of Bacillus biocontrol potential and identify factors that drive its efficacy. Data were compiled from articles published in journals listed in two of the main scientific databases between 2000 and 2021. Among 6159 articles retrieved, 399 research papers met the inclusion criteria for a systematic review. Overall, Bacilli biocontrol agents reduced disease by 60% compared to control groups. Furthermore, experimental tests with higher concentrations show a strong protective effect, unlike low and single concentration essays. Biocontrol efficacy also increased when used as a protective inoculation rather than therapeutic inoculation. Inoculation directly in the fruit has a greater effect than soil drenching. The size of the effect of Bacillus-based commercial products is lower than the newly tested strains. The findings presented in this study confirm the power of Bacillus-based bioinoculants and provide valuable guidance for practitioners, researchers, and policymakers seeking effective and sustainable solutions in plant disease management.

Plant bZIP Proteins: Potential use in Agriculture - A Review.

With global climate changes and the increased demand for food due to expected world population growth, genetic improvement programs have aimed at producing crops with increased yield and tolerance to environmental stresses, such as drought, salinity, and pathogens. On the other hand, genetic improvement programs via biotechnology require candidate genes that confer traits of interest to be incorporated into improved crops. In this regard, genes encoding transcription factors (TFs) can be promising since they are proteins that transcriptionally regulate the expression of target genes related to the most diverse roles in the plant, including defense against stresses. Among TFs, bZIP (basic leucine zipper) proteins regulate many developmental and physiological processes in the plant, such as seed formation, fruit ripening, nutrient assimilation, and defense response to abiotic and biotic stresses. In this review, we aim to highlight the main advances in the potential use of bZIP TFs in the genetic improvement of crops. We address this potential mainly regarding crop tolerance to stresses and other agricultural traits, such as increased yield and fruit features.

Do different adhesives influence the color stability and fluorescence of composite restorations after aging?

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of dental adhesive color on the chromatic stability and fluorescence intensity of composite resin restorations of different thicknesses. Ninety bovine enamel samples were obtained and restored with resin composite varying thicknesses of restorative material and enamel (1.0 mm enamel and 1.0 mm composite; 1.5 mm enamel and 0.5 mm composite; 0.5 mm enamel and 1.5 mm composite). The restorations were made of composite resin (Opallis E-bleach H) using different types of dental adhesives: Ambar, Ambar APS, and Single Bond Universal (n=10). The samples were subjected to color measurement tests in a spectrophotometer using CIEDE2000 and fluorescence intensity measurements before and after aging in a red wine coloring solution. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). There were no statistically significant changes in color stability or fluorescence intensity for restorations made of different materials or thicknesses (p>0.05). Single Bond Universal showed greater color stability at 0.5 mm thickness (ΔE00 = 4.4 ± 1.6) compared to other thicknesses of the same material (p=0.003), as well as a greater difference in fluorescence intensity after aging at 1.5 mm thickness (-414.9 ± 103.8) compared to other materials (p=0.0002). Overall, it was concluded that the different adhesive systems did not influence the color stability and fluorescence of restorations of different thicknesses.

Vitamin D deficiency contributes to the diabetic kidney disease progression via increase ZEB1/ZEB2 expressions.

BACKGROUND: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains one of the main causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and mortality in diabetic patients worldwide. Vitamin D deficiency (VitDD) is one of the main consequences of different chronic kidney disease (CKD) types and is associated with rapid progression to ESRD. Nevertheless, the mechanisms that lead to this process are poorly understood. This study aimed to characterize a model of diabetic nephropathy progression in VitDD and the epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) role in these processes. METHODS: Wistar Hannover rats received a diet with or without VitD before type 1 diabetes (T1D) induction. After this procedure, the rats were accompanied for 12 and 24 weeks after T1D induction and the renal function, structure, cell transdifferentiating markers and zinc finger e-box binding homeobox 1/2 (ZEB1/ZEB2) contribution to kidney damage were evaluated during the DKD progression. RESULTS: The results showed an increase in glomerular tuft, mesangial and interstitial relative areas and renal function impairment in VitD-deficient diabetic rats compared to diabetic rats that received a VitD-containing diet. These alterations can be associated with increased expression of EMT markers, ZEB1 gene expression, ZEB2 protein expression and TGF-ß1 urinary excretion. Decreased miR-200b expression, an important post-transcriptional regulator of ZEB1 and ZEB2 was also observed. CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrated that VitD deficiency contributes to the rapid development and progression of DKD in diabetic rats induced by increase ZEB1/ZEB2 expressions and miR-200b downregulation.

El efecto de la poda de Acropora palmata como estrategia para la obtención de tejido vivo en acciones de restauración arrecifal

Introducción: Los arrecifes de coral son ecosistemas altamente degradados, por lo que ha sido necesario implementar acciones de restauración activa para recuperar su estructura y funcionamiento. Se ha implementado la propagación clonal para obtener fragmentos pequeños (~ 10 cm) de las ramas distales de colonias donadoras de corales de la especie Acropora palmata, para posteriormente fijarlos en el sustrato arrecifal, simulando el efecto de dispersión que ocurre de manera natural en esta especie, a lo que en este trabajo se denomina ''dispersión asistida". Sin embargo, es necesario evaluar los efectos de esta técnica como son: la cantidad de fragmentos que se puede obtener de cada colonia, el periodo de recuperación de tejido de las colonias donadoras y los fragmentos sembrados. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de poda en las colonias donadoras estimando el porcentaje de tejido podado de colonias donadoras de A. palmata y su tasa de recuperación 30 meses después. Métodos: Se realizaron cuatro monitoreos: antes, inmediatamente después de la poda, un mes después de la siembra, y 30 meses después, en cuatro colonias de A. palmata localizadas en el Parque Nacional Costa Occidental de Isla Mujeres, Punta Cancún y Punta Nizuc en el Caribe mexicano. La modelación 3D basada en fotogrametría se realizó con el software Agisoft Metashape Pro, mientras que las métricas de área de superficie de tejido, extensión radial y apical se obtuvieron mediante el software CloudCompare. Resultados: Posterior a la colecta de fragmentos de las colonias, se observó que el material utilizado en la dispersión asistida representa menos del 12% del tejido vivo. Después de un mes, las colonias donadoras presentaban una recuperación del 5% con tejido nuevo recubriendo las áreas de corte. Las colonias donadoras perdieron, en promedio, 65% de tejido vivo tras el impacto de cuatro huracanes, y en un caso la colonia fue totalmente eliminada, pero con los fragmentos sembrados se pudo conservar el genotipo. Conclusiones: La dispersión asistida podría incrementar el tejido vivo de corales ramificados en intervalos de tiempo relativamente cortos, sin comprometer la integridad de la colonia donadora, si se poda menos del 12%.

Introduction: Coral reefs are highly degraded ecosystems, for which it has been necessary to implement active restoration actions to recover their structure and functioning. Asexual propagation has been implemented to obtain small fragments (~10 cm) from the distal branches of donor colonies of corals of the species Acropora palmata, to subsequently relocate them in the reef substrate, simulating the dispersion effect that occurs naturally in the species, which in this work is called assisted propagation. However, it is necessary to evaluate the effects of this technique, such as the number of fragments that can be obtained from each colony, the tissue recovery period of the donor colonies and fragments. Objective: To address the effect of pruning on donor colonies by estimating the percentage of live tissue removed from donor colonies of A. palmata and their recovery rate after 30-months. Methods: Four surveys were carried out: before, immediately after pruning, one month after outplanting, and 30 months after pruning on four colonies of A. palmata located in the Parque Nacional Costa Occidental de Isla Mujeres, Punta Cancún and Punta Nizuc in the Mexican Caribbean. Photogrammetry-based 3D modeling was performed using Agisoft Metashape Pro software, while tissue surface area, radial and apical growth were obtained using CloudCompare software. Results: After fragment collection, the material used in the assisted propagation represents less than 12% of the living tissue. After one month, the donor colonies showed a recovery of 5%, with new tissue covering the cut areas. The donor colonies lost on average 65 % of living tissue after four hurricanes, and in one case the colony was lost all together, but with the outplanted fragments the genotype could be preserved. Conclusions: Assisted propagation could increase living tissue of branching corals in relatively short intervals of time, without serious damage to the donor colony if less than 12 % is removed.

Development and psychometric properties of the Cognitive Distortions Questionnaire for Adolescents (CD-Quest-T).

INTRODUCTION: The Cognitive Distortions Questionnaire (CD-Quest) is an instrument that identifies logical errors or cognitive distortions and is used in trial-based cognitive therapy (TBCT). However, it had previously only been available for adults. OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate a version of the CD-Quest for teens (CD-Quest-T) aged 11 to 17 years and test its psychometric properties. METHOD: A total of 299 schoolchildren participated in the investigation. After content validity was assessed, the language was adapted for the target age group, and the length of the instrument was reduced to eight items (from the initial 15). Five cognitive therapists analyzed the content and structure of the items. Finally, to investigate the construct validity of the CD-Quest-T, the instrument was divided into a full scale and two subscales, which measure the frequency of the distortions and the intensity attributed to them, respectively. RESULTS: The overall internal consistency of the scale was α = 0.77, whereas subscale indices were α = 0.75 for the frequency scale and α = 0.73 for the intensity scale. Results from exploratory factor analysis and concurrent validity analysis indicated that the CD-Quest-T items have good psychometric properties and generate scores reliably. CONCLUSION: The psychometric properties of the CD-Quest-T demonstrate its adequacy for measurement of cognitive distortions in adolescents.

Diabetes gestacional autorreferido - uma análise da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde / Self-reported gestational diabetes - an analysis of the National Health Survey

Resumo Introdução O diabetes mellitus gestacional é definido como qualquer grau de intolerância à glicose, diagnosticado pela primeira vez durante a gestação, podendo ou não persistir após o parto. Sua prevalência ainda é conflitante, mas os riscos oferecidos a mãe e feto são diversos. Objetivo Identificar as respostas positivas de mulheres sobre um diagnóstico de diabetes recebido na gestação e relacioná-lo a características sociodemográficas e do pré-natal, além de descrever as orientações recebidas frente ao diagnóstico. Método Estudo com característica transversal que utiliza dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde 2013, conforme o autorrelato de diagnóstico de diabetes gestacional. Realizou-se análise bivariada e cálculo das prevalências e razões de prevalência, com intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%), considerando plano de amostragem complexa. Resultados O diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus gestacional no período pré-natal foi relatado por 106 mulheres, com uma prevalência ponderada de 6,6% (IC95% 5,0-8,5). Verificou-se associação entre o relato de diagnóstico na gestação com maior idade e cor não branca. A maioria das mulheres diagnosticadas recebeu orientações quanto aos riscos da doença, mas poucas foram encaminhadas para consulta com especialista. Conclusão Os resultados detalhados da PNS fornecem estimativas populacionais sobre a magnitude da doença e possibilitam identificar o conjunto de fatores associados ao DMG.

Abstract Background Gestational diabetes mellitus is defined as any degree of glucose intolerance that is first diagnosed during pregnancy and may or may not persist after delivery. Its prevalence is still conflicting, but the risks offered to mother and fetus are diverse. Objective To identify the positive responses of women about a diagnosis of diabetes received during pregnancy and to relate it to sociodemographic and prenatal characteristics, in addition to describing the orientations received regarding the diagnosis. Method A cross-sectional study that uses data from the 2013 National Health Survey according to the self-reported gestational diabetes diagnosis. A bivariate analysis was performed, and prevalence and prevalence rates with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated, considering a complex sampling plan. Results The diagnosis of prenatal gestational diabetes mellitus was reported by 106 women, with a weighted prevalence of 6.6% (95% CI 5.0-8.5). There was an association between the diagnosis report in older pregnancy and non-white color. Most diagnosed women received guidance on the risks of the disease, but few were referred for specialist consultation. Conclusion The detailed results of the PNS provide population estimates of the magnitude of the disease and make it possible to identify the set of factors associated with GDM.

Do different adhesives influence the color stability and fluorescence of composite restorations after aging?

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the influence of dental adhesive color on the chromatic stability and fluorescence intensity of composite resin restorations of different thicknesses. Ninety bovine enamel samples were obtained and restored with resin composite varying thicknesses of restorative material and enamel (1.0 mm enamel and 1.0 mm composite; 1.5 mm enamel and 0.5 mm composite; 0.5 mm enamel and 1.5 mm composite). The restorations were made of composite resin (Opallis E-bleach H) using different types of dental adhesives: Ambar, Ambar APS, and Single Bond Universal (n=10). The samples were subjected to color measurement tests in a spectrophotometer using CIEDE2000 and fluorescence intensity measurements before and after aging in a red wine coloring solution. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). There were no statistically significant changes in color stability or fluorescence intensity for restorations made of different materials or thicknesses (p>0.05). Single Bond Universal showed greater color stability at 0.5 mm thickness (ΔE00 = 4.4 ± 1.6) compared to other thicknesses of the same material (p=0.003), as well as a greater difference in fluorescence intensity after aging at 1.5 mm thickness (-414.9 ± 103.8) compared to other materials (p=0.0002). Overall, it was concluded that the different adhesive systems did not influence the color stability and fluorescence of restorations of different thicknesses.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência da cor do adesivo dental na estabilidade cromática e intensidade de fluorescência das restaurações de resina composta de diferentes espessuras. Foram obtidos noventa amostras de esmalte bovino que foram restaurados com resina composta, variando a espessura do material restaurador e do esmalte (1,0 mm de esmalte e 1,0 mm de compósito; 1,5 mm de esmalte e 0,5 mm de compósito; 0,5 mm de esmalte e 1,5 mm de compósito). As restaurações foram feitas de resina composta (Opallis E-bleach H) utilizando diferentes tipos de adesivos odontológicos: Ambar, Ambar APS, e Single Bond Universal (n=10). As amostras foram submetidas a testes de medição de cor em um espectrofotômetro usando CIEDE2000 e medições de intensidade de fluorescência antes e depois do envelhecimento em uma solução de coloração de vinho tinto. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) e ao teste de Tukey (α = 0,05). Não houve mudanças estatisticamente significativas na estabilidade da cor ou intensidade de fluorescência para restaurações feitas de diferentes materiais ou espessuras (p>0,05). O Single Bond Universal mostrou maior estabilidade de cor a 0,5 mm de espessura (ΔE00 = 4,4 ± 1,6) em comparação com outras espessuras do mesmo material (p=0,03), bem como uma maior diferença na intensidade de fluorescência após o envelhecimento a 1,5 mm de espessura (-414,9 ± 103,8) em comparação com outros materiais (p=0,0002). Em geral, concluiu-se que os diferentes sistemas adesivos não influenciaram a estabilidade de cor e a intensidade de fluorescência das restaurações de diferentes espessuras.

Development and psychometric properties of the Cognitive Distortions Questionnaire for Adolescents (CD-Quest-T)

Abstract Introduction The Cognitive Distortions Questionnaire (CD-Quest) is an instrument that identifies logical errors or cognitive distortions and is used in trial-based cognitive therapy (TBCT). However, it had previously only been available for adults. Objectives To develop and validate a version of the CD-Quest for teens (CD-Quest-T) aged 11 to 17 years and test its psychometric properties. Method A total of 299 schoolchildren participated in the investigation. After content validity was assessed, the language was adapted for the target age group, and the length of the instrument was reduced to eight items (from the initial 15). Five cognitive therapists analyzed the content and structure of the items. Finally, to investigate the construct validity of the CD-Quest-T, the instrument was divided into a full scale and two subscales, which measure the frequency of the distortions and the intensity attributed to them, respectively. Results The overall internal consistency of the scale was α = 0.77, whereas subscale indices were α = 0.75 for the frequency scale and α = 0.73 for the intensity scale. Results from exploratory factor analysis and concurrent validity analysis indicated that the CD-Quest-T items have good psychometric properties and generate scores reliably. Conclusion The psychometric properties of the CD-Quest-T demonstrate its adequacy for measurement of cognitive distortions in adolescents.

Paricalcitol Improves the Angiopoietin/Tie-2 and VEGF/VEGFR2 Signaling Pathways in Adriamycin-Induced Nephropathy.

Renal endothelial cell (EC) injury and microvascular dysfunction contribute to chronic kidney disease (CKD). In recent years, increasing evidence has suggested that EC undergoes an endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT), which might promote fibrosis. Adriamycin (ADR) induces glomerular endothelial dysfunction, which leads to progressive proteinuria in rodents. The activation of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) plays a crucial role in endothelial function modulation, cell differentiation, and suppression of the expression of fibrotic markers by regulating the production of nitric oxide (NO) by activating the endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) in the kidneys. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of paricalcitol treatment on renal endothelial toxicity in a model of CKD induced by ADR in rats and explore mechanisms involved in EC maintenance by eNOS/NO, angiopoietins (Angs)/endothelium cell-specific receptor tyrosine kinase (Tie-2, also known as TEK) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) axis. The results show that paricalcitol attenuated the renal damage ADR-induced with antiproteinuric effects, glomerular and tubular structure, and function protection. Furthermore, activation of the VDR promoted the maintenance of the function and structure of glomerular, cortical, and external medullary endothelial cells by regulating NO production. In addition, it suppressed the expression of the mesenchymal markers in renal tissue through attenuation of (transforming growth factor-beta) TGF-ß1/Smad2/3-dependent and downregulated of Ang-2/Tie-2 axis. It regulated the VEGF/VEGFR2 pathway, which was ADR-deregulated. These effects were associated with lower AT1 expression and VDR recovery to renal tissue after paricalcitol treatment. Our results showed a protective role of paricalcitol in the renal microvasculature that could be used as a target for treating the beginning of CKD.

Calcitriol Reduces the Inflammation, Endothelial Damage and Oxidative Stress in AKI Caused by Cisplatin.

Cisplatin treatment is one of the most commonly used treatments for patients with cancer. However, thirty percent of patients treated with cisplatin develop acute kidney injury (AKI). Several studies have demonstrated the effect of bioactive vitamin D or calcitriol on the inflammatory process and endothelial injury, essential events that contribute to changes in renal function and structure caused by cisplatin (CP). This study explored the effects of calcitriol administration on proximal tubular injury, oxidative stress, inflammation and vascular injury observed in CP-induced AKI. Male Wistar Hannover rats were pretreated with calcitriol (6 ng/day) or vehicle (0.9% NaCl). The treatment started two weeks before i.p. administration of CP or saline and was maintained for another five days after the injections. On the fifth day after the injections, urine, plasma and renal tissue samples were collected to evaluate renal function and structure. The animals of the CP group had increased plasma levels of creatinine and of fractional sodium excretion and decreased glomerular filtration rates. These changes were associated with intense tubular injury, endothelial damage, reductions in antioxidant enzymes and an inflammatory process observed in the renal outer medulla of the animals from this group. These changes were attenuated by treatment with calcitriol, which reduced the inflammation and increased the expression of vascular regeneration markers and antioxidant enzymes.

In vivo and in silico approaches to assess surface water genotoxicity from Tocantins River, in the cities of Porto Nacional and Palmas, Brazil.

The main environmental problem in urban areas, especially in Brazil, is the discharge of untreated sewage. The in vivo Drosophila melanogaster Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) was used to assess the genotoxicity of surface waters from three different sites in the Tocantins River, Brazil. The in silico approach was used to search for known and predicted interactions between environmental chemicals found in our samples and Drosophila and human proteins. The genotoxicity tests were performed in standard (ST) and high bioactivation (HB) crosses with samples collected at two periods, the rainy and dry seasons. Mutant spot frequencies found in treatments with unprocessed water from the test sites were compared with the frequencies observed in negative controls. The collection points were represented as sites A, B and C along Tocantins River. Sites A and B are located in Porto Nacional City, whereas site C is located in Palmas City. Considering the rainy season collection, positive responses in the ST cross were observed for sites A and C (89.47% and 85% of recombination, respectively) and in the HB cross for sites A, B and C (88.24%, 84.21% and 82.35% of recombination, respectively). The positive results in the dry season were restricted to sites A and B (88.89% and 85.71% of recombination, respectively) in the HB cross. In accordance with in vivo and in silico results, we hypothesize that ribosomal proteins (RPs) in fruit fly and humans are depleted in cells exposed to heavy metal causing DNA damage and chromosome instability, increasing homologous recombination.

Gestational diabetes mellitus according to different diagnostic criteria: Prevalence and related factors.

OBJECTIVE: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has an impact on maternal health; however, there is no consensus about the diagnostic criterion and frequency of disease. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of GDM and to evaluate the clinical characteristics of normoglycemic pregnant women and of those diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus, based on each criterion. METHODS: Prospective cohort study. Third-trimester pregnant women participated, with the occurrence of GDM being verified, according to two different diagnostic criteria. Prevalence was estimated in each category, and the prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals were adjusted using Poisson Regression. RESULTS: A total of 8.7% of women were diagnosed with GDM (glycemia ≥95) and 8% had glycemic levels ≥92mg/dL according to IADPSG diagnosis. Factors related to the disease were the same, although the magnitude of the associations differed according to the diagnosis criteria. Pre-gestational obesity (PR 3.59 CI 1.28-10,07), previous diseases (PR 3.03 CI 1.15-7.94), and excessive weight gain (PR 4.71 CI 1.80-12.33) were factors related to total GDM, plus low nutritional knowledge (PR 3.17 CI 1.10-9.11). Regardless of the diagnostic criterion, women with GDM were at higher risk of intercurrences during pregnancy. CONCLUSION: Nutritional knowledge and status were associated with GDM occurrence, independently of the diagnosis criteria. The adoption of the glycemic cutoff point of ≥ 92mg/dL indicated an important portion of the population without a diagnosis, suggesting that this cutoff point, more sensitive, should be used in order to guide women and minimize untoward outcomes.

Violência obstétrica: relatos de experiência vivenciada / Obstetric violence: reports of lived experience / Violencia obstétrica: reporte experiencia de vida

Objetivo: descrever a influência da violência obstétrica no puerpério. O tema abordado nesse estudo trata-se da violência obstétrica sendo um termo usado para denominar os diversos tipos de agressão, seja: físico, verbal, moral ou psicológico; sofrido pela mulher no pré-natal, parto, pós- parto e/ou no puerpério. Este estudo apresenta o seguinte problema de pesquisa: "De que maneira a violência obstétrica interfere no puerpério?" Método: estudo de abordagem qualitativa e método descritivo. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de questionários disponibilizados na ferramenta digital Google Forms, bem como, enviados via e-mail das entrevistadas. Para a realização deste estudo foram entrevistadas 7 mulheres da instituição Matriusca com a faixa etária entre 18 a 61 anos que passaram por violência obstétrica no período do pré-natal, parto, pós-parto e/ou puerpério. Resultados: foram encontrados originaram 3 categorias para a discussão intituladas: conhecimento sobre violência obstétrica, formas de violência obstétrica e sentimento após sofrer a violência obstétrica. Conclusão: a violência obstétrica permanece sendo vivenciada, percebida em diversos momentos da gestação desde o trabalho de parto até o puerpério. A mulher vítima desta violência leva consigo muito além das complexidades de um puerpério agravado, convive com sentimentos negativos e traumas que podem resultar em marcas para toda a vida, eis aqui grande desafio para a enfermagem.

Objective: to describe the influence of obstetric violence in the puerperium. The theme addressed in this study is obstetric violence being a term used to name the various types of aggression, namely: physical, verbal, moral or psychological; suffered by the woman in prenatal care, childbirth, postpartum and/or in the puerperium. This study presents the following research problem: "How does obstetric violence interfere in the puerperium?" Method: qualitative study and descriptive method. Data were collected through questionnaires made available in the Google Forms digital tool, as well as sent via e-mail of the interviewees. For this study, 7 women from the Matriusca institution were interviewed aged between 18 and 61 years who underwent obstetric violence during prenatal, childbirth, postpartum and/or postpartum Results: three categories were found for the discussion entitled: knowledge about obstetric violence, forms of obstetric violence and feeling after suffering obstetric violence. Conclusion: obstetric violence continues to be experienced, perceived at various moments of pregnancy from labor to the puerperium. The woman victim of this violence takes with her far beyond the complexities of an aggravated puerperium, lives with negative feelings and traumas that can result in marks for life, here is a great challenge for nursing.

Objetivo: describir la influencia de la violencia obstétrica en el puerperio. El tema abordado en este estudio es la violencia obstétrica siendo un término utilizado para nombrar los diversos tipos de agresión, a saber: física, verbal, moral o psicológica; sufridos por la mujer en atención prenatal, parto, postparto y/o en el puerperio. Este estudio presenta el siguiente problema de investigación: "¿Cómo interfiere la violencia obstétrica en el puerperio?" Método: estudio cualitativo y método descriptivo. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de cuestionarios disponibles en la herramienta digital Google Forms, así como enviados por correo electrónico de los entrevistados. Para este estudio, 7 mujeres de la institución Matriusca fueron entrevistadas con edades entre 18 y 61 años que sufrieron violencia obstétrica durante el prenatal, parto, posparto y/o posparto. Resultados: se encontraron tres categorías para la discusión titulada: conocimiento sobre violencia obstétrica, formas de violencia obstétrica y sentimiento después de sufrir violencia obstétrica. Conclusión: la violencia obstétrica continúa siendo experimentada, percibida en varios momentos del embarazo, desde el parto hasta el puerperio. La mujer víctima de esta violencia lleva consigo mucho más allá de las complejidades de un puerperio agravado, vive con sentimientos negativos y traumas que pueden resultar en marcas para la vida, aquí hay un gran desafío para la enfermería

A presença paterna no momento do parto / Pregnancy: implications for the pregnant woman's life / Embarazo: implicaciones para la vida de la embarazada

Objetivo: analisar a relevância da presença paterna no momento do parto. Método: estudo de abordagem qualitativa e método descritivo. A coleta dos dados se deu por meio de entrevista com 12 (doze) puérperas, com idade entre 18 e 41 anos, em uma maternidade da rede pública do Distrito Federal. Resultados: todas as entrevistadas compareceram às consultas de atendimento pré-natal, 92% delas tinham conhecimento prévio da lei do acompanhante, 58% receberam alguma orientação relativa ao seu próprio direito e de seu acompanhante, e todas foram acompanhadas pelo pai no momento do parto. A discussão das perguntas abertas gerou duas categorias, a saber: a participação do pai no momento do parto, e a vivência da parturiente durante o parto. Conclusão: a presença do companheiro é positiva e tranquilizadora no momento do parto e sugere-se a continuidade da formação dos profissionais de enfermagem neste tema, com o intuito de uma constante melhora no atendimento às mulheres no momento do parto, respeitando a lei e principalmente as escolhas da mãe, proporcionando um parto humanizado e seguro, minimizando traumas e medos

Objective: to analyze the relevance of paternal presence at the time of delivery. Method: qualitative study and descriptive method. Data were collected through interviews with 12 (twelve) puerpers, aged between 18 and 41 years, in a maternity hospital in the public network of the Federal District. Results: all interviewees attended prenatal care consultations, 92% of them had prior knowledge of the companion's law, 58% received some guidance regarding their own right and companion, and all were accompanied by the father at the time of delivery. The discussion of the open questions generated two categories, namely: the participation of the father at the time of delivery, and the experience of the parturient during childbirth. Conclusion: the presence of the partner is positive and reassuring at the time of delivery and it is suggested the continuity of the training of nursing professionals in this theme, with the aim of a constant improvement in the care of women at the time of delivery, respecting the law and especially the mother's choices, providing a humanized and safe delivery, minimizing traumas and fears.

Objetivo: analizar la relevancia de la presencia paterna en el momento del parto. Método: estudio cualitativo y método descriptivo. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas con 12 (doce) puerpers, con edades entre 18 y 41 años, en una maternidad de la red pública del Distrito Federal. Resultados: todas las entrevistadas asistieron a consultas de atención prenatal, 92% de ellas tenían conocimiento previo de la ley del acompañante, 58% recibieron alguna orientación sobre su propio derecho y acompañante, y todas fueron acompañadas por el padre en el momento del parto. La discusión de las preguntas abiertas generó dos categorías, a saber: la participación del padre en el momento del parto y la experiencia de la parturienta durante el parto. Conclusión: la presencia de la pareja es positiva y tranquilizadora en el momento del parto y se sugiere la continuidad de la formación de los profesionales de enfermería en este tema, con el objetivo de una mejora constante en el cuidado de las mujeres en el momento del parto, respetando la ley y especialmente las opciones de la madre, proporcionando un parto humanizado y seguro, minimizando traumas y miedos.

Interrupción del tallo hipofisario como causa poco frecuente de amenorrea primaria / Pituitary stalk disruption as a rare cause of primary amenorrhea

El síndrome de interrupción del tallo hipofisario es una anomalía congénita de probable origen genético causante de hipopituitarismo, que radiológicamente se caracteriza por hipoplasia de la adenohipófisis, neurohipófisis ectópica e interrupción del tallo hipofisario. Suele presentarse con baja estatura y deficiencia de hormonas adenohipofisarias. El retraso en el diagnóstico se relaciona con alta morbimortalidad. Se reporta el caso de una mujer de 24 años que consulta por amenorrea primaria. Presentaba talla baja y ausencia de caracteres sexuales secundarios, con genitales infantiles. Los exámenes paraclínicos mostraron compromiso de dos ejes hipofisarios. Una resonancia magnética nuclear mostró hallazgos consistentes con síndrome de interrupción de tallo hipofisario.

Pituitary stalk disruption syndrome is a congenital abnormality of probable genetic origin that causes hypopituitarism, which is radiologically characterized by adenohypophysis hypoplasia, ectopic neurohypophysis, and pituitary stalk disruption. It usuallypresents with short stature and adenohypophyseal hormone deficiency. The delay in diagnosis is related to high morbidity and mortality. The case of a 24-year-old woman who consulted for primary amenorrhea is reported. She had short stature and no secondary sexual characteristics, with infantile genitalia. Paraclinical examinations showed involvement of two pituitary axes. An MRI scan showed findings consistent with pituitary stalk disruption syndrome.