[The role of day hospital in optimization of medical care for patients of a therapeutic department of an outpatient clinic].

Day hospital (DH) provides consultations and treatment for all referred patients according to standards of medical care quality. DH has facilities for therapeutic and gastroenterological patients. Treatment in DH is performed according to current standards which cover basic treatment of the diseases (documented medicines, duration of treatment). Efficacy of DH's use of the Standards of Diagnosis and Therapy of Acid-Dependent Diseases associated with Helicobacter pylori (standards of Moscow consensus) is used as illustration. As a result of treatment in DH 93% outpatients resumed their jobs, improvement occurred in 96.7% patients, a complete response was seen in 23%, 1.9% cases failed treatment. Most DH patients (83%) were satisfied with treatment given in DH and think it a convenient replacement of hospital stay.

[Chronic hepatitis B, hemosiderosis, and hepatic fibrosis in a renal graft recipient].

Chronic hepatitis B is a frequent concomitant disease in recipients of a renal graft that worsens results of kidney transplantation due to renal and extrarenal complications. Much rarer hemochromatosis either has genetic roots (hereditary hemochromatosis) or results from multiple blood transfusions and hemolysis during treatment by hemodialysis (secondary hemochromatosis). Combination of chronic hepatitis B and hemochromatosis increases the risk of chronic liver disease leading to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Success of antiviral therapy combined with massive phlebotomy is illustrated by a case of kidney transplantation to a patient with chronic hepatitis B of large duration and iron overload syndrome.

[Chronic hepatitis B and C in renal graft recipients].

Clinical and morphological features of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), C (CHC), and B+C (CHB+C) were studied in 283 renal graft recipients. High total bilirubin serum levels were detected significantly more often in CHB and CHB+C patients vs. CHC patients. High ALT activity was noted in 65% of CHB patients and only in 45% of CHC patients (p = 0.003). Stable low activity of hepatitis prevailed in renal recipients; it was noted in 56.7% of CHB patients, 66.2% of CHC patients, and 62% of CHB+C patients. The character of pathomorphological liver changes in chronic viral hepatitis was studied in 53 renal graft recipients using puncture biopsy. Histopathological activity index (HAI, Knodell R.G. et al., 1981) witnessed a more severe liver lesion in CHB vs. CHC and CHB+C. Thus, inflammatory activity in CHB was found to be minimal or low in 13 patients, and moderate or high in 11 patients, whilst a minimal or low activity in CHC or CHB+C was found in 16 and 10 patients, respectively, and a moderate activity was detected only in two and one, respectively (p = 0.016 and 0.024 compared with CHB). Advanced hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis was significantly more frequent (p = 0.006) in CHB patients (eight out of 24) than in CHC ones (none out of 18). The rate of advanced sclerotic changes in CHB+C was lower (one out of 10 patients) than that in CHB, and similar to CHC. Thus, clinico-morphological manifestations were more prominent in renal graft recipients with CHB vs. CHC.