Antioxidant compounds and their bioaccessibility in tomato fruit and puree obtained from a DETIOLATED-1 (DET-1) down-regulated genetically modified genotype.

The economic value, the ease of cultivation and processing, and the well-known health-promoting properties of tomato fruit, make the tomato an important target for genetic manipulation to increase its nutritional content. A transgenic variety, down-regulated in the DETIOLATED-1 (DET-1) gene, has been studied in comparison with the parental line, for antioxidant levels in fresh and hot break fruit, as well as the bioaccessibility of antioxidants from puree. Differences in the concentrations of antioxidants between the wild-type and the genetically modified raw tomatoes were confirmed, but antioxidant levels were maintained to a greater extent in the GM puree than in the parent. The bioaccessibility of the compounds, tested using an in vitro digestion model, showed an increase in the genetically modified samples.

Effect of Fatty acids and beeswax addition on properties of sodium caseinate dispersions and films.

Edible films based on sodium caseinate and different saturated fatty acids, oleic acid, or beeswax were formulated. Film-forming emulsions were characterized in terms of particle size distribution, rheological behavior and surface tension. In order to evaluate the influence of lipids on sodium caseinate matrices, mechanical, optical, and water vapor barrier properties were studied, taking into account the effect of water content and film structure on such properties. Saturated fatty acids affected the film properties in a particular way due to the formation of bilayer structures which limited water vapor permeability, giving rise to nonflexible and more opaque films. Oleic acid and beeswax were less effective as water vapor barriers, although the former imparted more flexibility to the caseinate films and did not reduce the film transparency notably.

Plasma cell granuloma of the thyroid and Hashimoto thyroiditis.

Plasma cell granuloma of the thyroid is a rare tumor-like lesion formed by a localized proliferation of inflammatory cells, supported by a stroma of fibrous tissue. Few cases have been previously reported in the medical literature. We report a new case of a 41-year-old man presenting a goiter with primary hypothyroidism (thyroid-stimulating hormone, 70 mIU/L; free thyroxine, < 0.01 pmol/L; triiodothyronine, 0.66 nmol/L) and elevation of thyroid antibodies. Several fine-needle aspiration biopsies of the thyroid were fruitless and total thyroidectomy was performed. Histologic and immunohistochemical study demonstrated the polyclonal nature of the cells and yielded a diagnosis of plasma cell granuloma. Histologic findings of Hashimoto thyroiditis were present too.

[Interorbital distance in the skull of the newborn infant]. / La distancia interorbital en el cráneo del recién nacido.

Authors have measured interorbital radiological distance in 45 newborns (26 males and 19 females), with a gestational age of 37.644 +/- 3.682 weeks (mean +/- SD), with a range of 25 to 42 weeks. The values obtained were 15.538 +/- 2.437 millimeters (mean +/- SD) for males and 15.894 +/- 1.943 mm (mean +/- SD) for females. The interorbital distance has a positive correlation with gestational age, weight, bizygomatic distance and minimal frontal width. Interorbital distance is closely correlated to the minimal frontal width in males.