RESUMEN
In this two-season prospective cohort study (2020-2021), we aimed to describe the characteristics, clinical findings and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of hamstring injuries in the Norwegian women's premier league. Hamstring injuries were examined by team physiotherapists using a standardised clinical examination and injury form. Injury location and severity (modified Peetrons classification) were graded based on MRI by two independent radiologists. Fifty-three hamstring injuries were clinically examined, 31 of these with MRI. Hamstring injuries caused 8 days (median) lost from football (interquartile range: 3-15 days, range: 0-188 days), most were non-contact and occurred during sprinting. Gradual-onset (53%) and sudden-onset injuries (47%) were evenly distributed. The injuries examined with MRI were classified as grade 0 (52%), grade 1 (16%) or grade 2 (29%). One proximal tendinopathy case was not graded. Grade 2 injuries caused more time loss than grade 0 (19 ± 8 vs. 7 ± 7 days, p = 0.002). Of injuries with MRI changes, 60% were in the m. biceps femoris, mainly the muscle-tendon junction, and 40% in the m. semimembranosus, most in the proximal tendon. Compared to previous findings from men's football, a higher proportion of hamstring injuries in women's football had a gradual onset and involved the m. semimembranosus, particularly its proximal tendon.
RESUMEN
One hundred rock ptarmigans, Lagopus muta islandorum (Faber, 1822), were collected in early October 2006 in northeastern Iceland and examined for coccidian parasites. Two Eimeria species were identified, and each is described as a new species. Sporulated oocysts of one species are ellipsoidal, 24.9 x 16.6 (19.5-30 x 14.5-19) microm. Oocysts have a small micropyle and a two-layered, smooth wall approximately 1.0 microm thick. An oocyst residuum is absent, but one to three polar granules are present. Sporocysts have a rounded end opposite a nipple-like Stieda body and are 14.3 x 6.3 (12-16.5 x 5.5-7) microm. Sporocysts contain one refractile body and a diffuse granular residuum; the entire contents of each sporocyst is enclosed by a thin membrane. Sporulated oocysts of the second eimerian are subspherical, 24.7 x 22.2 (20-28 x 18-24.5) microm. The oocysts are without a micropyle but with a two-layered wall, which is approximately 1.5 microm thick, with the outer layer having a rough surface texture. Oocyst residuum is absent, but one to two polar granules are present. Sporocysts have a rounded end opposite the nipple-like Stieda body atop a prominent sub-Stieda body and are 14.4 x 8.0 (12-15.5 x 6.5-9) microm. Sporocysts contain a diffuse granular residuum, and each sporozoite has two different-sized refractile bodies.
