[INSULIN RESISTANCE ASSOCIATED WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME AS AN INDICATOR OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK].

AIM: To study blood insulin level in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) with and without metabolic syndrome (MS) and its relation to cardiovascular risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined 127 patients with stable coronary heart disease (mean age 59.4 ± 5.7 yr) including 63 with MS and 64 without it. The control group consisted of 80 practically healthy subjects. Bloods insulin was determined by immunochemoluminescence, glycated hemoglobin (HbA,) by immunoturbidimetry, total cholesterol, HDLP cholesterol and triglycerides by enzymatic colorimetric method, oxidized LDLP IL-l, IL-6, and tunour necrosis factor-α by enzyme immunoassay. The degree of depression was estimated using the Zung scale. RESULTS: Blood insulin level in healthy subjects, CHD patients with and without MS was 6.3 (6.20;6.62), 15.5 (13.96, 16.3) and 9.5 (9.2, 10.1) mcIE/ml respectively (p < 0.001). HOMA-IR directly correlated with MBI, waist circumference, HbA1-total cholesterol, triglyceride, oxidized LDLP IL-1ß, IL-6, and tumour necrosis factor-α levels and negatively with the HDLP cholesterol level. CONCLUSION: In patients with CHD, metabolic syndrome is associated with a set of additional cardiovascular risk factors, viz. hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, increased HbA1c level, dyslipidemia, oxidative modification of LDLP activation of proinflammatory cytokines, and depressive disorders. Close correlation of HOMA-IR with certain pathogenetic factors ofCHD allow to use it as an indicator of cardiovascular risk in patients with CHD and MS.

[The Role of Ombrophilic Dissipotrophic Bacteria in Wood Decomposition].

The summarized experimental data on ombrophilic bacteria isolated from dystrophic waters formed by a mycobacterial community during the process of spruce wood decomposition are presented. It was demonstrated that the ombrophilic microbial community was characterized by wide phylogenetic diversity at the initial stage of spruce wood decomposition by xylotrophic fungi under low mineralization conditions. It was noted that bacteria were able to grow under acidic and ultrafresh conditions and most of them were referred to oligotrophs. It was determined that all isolated ombrophilic bacteria divided into three groups depending on the substrate specifity: saccharolytic, acidotrophic bacteria, and bacteria, which used C1-compounds as the substrate. The position of the ombrophilic bacteria in the trophic chain was determined.

[Effect of Fixed Lercanidipine/Enalapril Combination on 24-Hour Blood Pressure Proffie in Elderly Patients With Arterial Hypertension].

We studied effect of therapy with fixed combination of lercanidipine and enalapril on 24-hour blood pressure (BP) profile in 34 elderly patients (mean age 76.4±5.2 years, 14 men, 20 women) with degree I hypertension. After clinical examination patients were given lercanidipine/ enalapril combination (10/10 mg/day). The dose was increased to 10+20 mg/day when necessary. Assessment of efficacy was conducted on Rate of achievement of target BP [systolic (S) BP <150 mm HG, diastolic (D) BP<90 mmHg] and dynamics of parameters of 24-hour BP profile. Re-examinations were carried out on weeks 4.8 and 12 of treatment. Administration of lercanidipine/enalapril combination was associated with mean 24-hour SBP and DBP lowering (by15.3 and 8.7%, respectively). Diurnal and nocturnal SBP/DBP decreased by 15.7/ 9.2 and 14.1/8.5%, respectively. BP variability also significantly decreased: of diurnal SBP/DBP - 3.8/4.1 mm Hg (21.7/24.7%), of nocturnal SBP/DBP - 2.8/4.1 mm Hg (17.9/19.6%). There was no significant dynamics of the heart rate. Therapy with lercanidipine/enalapril combination for 12 weeks did not lead to the deterioration of carbohydrate, lipid metabolism, or renal function. Thus using lercanidipine/ enalapril combination we observed pronounced antihypertensive effect which consisted in decrease of mean BP and normalization of BP circadian rhythm of blood pressure.

[Gender-specific characteristics of metabolic syndrome in the elderly].

The review deals with one of the actual problems in medicine, metabolic syndrome (MS) in the elderly. Special attention is paid to the greater frequency of MS in the population. Modern data on the pathogenesis of the major components of MS, provoking the development of cardiovascular disease and diabetes type 2 are set out. The authors indicate that occurring with age hormonal changes create the conditions for the development of visceral obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, subclinical inflammation, i.e. those pathological changes, which form the basis of MS. Measures for prevention of cardiovascular complications associated with changing lifestyles of older people with MS are reflected.

[Influence of Artrofoon on the current of the metabolic syndrome in patients with rheumatoid arthritis].

This article shows observable effects of Artrofoon concerning displays a metabolic syndrome in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Patients of the basic group received Artrofoon throughout 12 months by 4 tablets a day, thus it was possible to reach authentic decrease in level of uric acid, improvement of indicators of a lipid spectrum of blood, weight reduction, to stabilise arterial pressure. Thus, positive influence of the preparation on the basic displays of a metabolic syndrome has been noted.

[Effect of atorvastatin (liptonorm) on indicators of the lipid spectrum of blood in patients with the metabolic syndrome].

In this work the effects of Atorvastatin (liptonorm) in a dosage of 10 mg/24h during 12 months concerning the basic indicators of a lipid spectrum of blood in the patients with a metabolic syndrome are estimated. We have noticed its positive effect concerning not only the general cholesterol and cholesterol lipoproteid of low density, but also concerning thriglicerol and cholesterol lipoproteid of high density, which confirms its favorable influence on the basic indicators of a lipid spectrum in the patients with a metabolic syndrome.

[A psychrotolerant Caulobacter sp. from Russian polar tundra soil].

Strain Z-0024, a psychrotolerant aerobic heterotrophic representative of the prosthecate bacteria of the genus Caulobacter, was isolated from a methanotrophic enrichment obtained from Russian polar tundra soil. The cells of the new isolate are vibrios (0.5-0.6 x 1.3-1.8 microm) with a polar stalk. The organism grows in a temperature range from 5 to 36 degrees C, with an optimum at 20 degrees C. The pH range for growth is from 4.5 to 7.0 with an optimum at pH 6.0. Strain Z-0024 utilizes a wide range of organic compounds: sugars, amino acids, volatile fatty acids, and primary alcohols. It tolerates a NaCl concentration in the medium of up to 15 g/l. The G + C content of DNA is 66.6 mol %. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain Z-0024 belongs to the cluster of Caulobacter species, showing a 98.8-99.2% sequence similarity to them. DNA-DNA hybridization revealed a low level of homology (24%) between strain Z-0024 and C. vibrioides ATCC 15252. The new isolate is described as Caulobacter sp. Z-0024.

[The processes of methane formation and oxidation in the soils of the Russian arctic tundra].

Methane emission from the following types of tundra soils was studied: coarse humic gleyey loamy cryo soil, peaty gley soil, and peaty gleyey midloamy cryo soil of the arctic tundra. All the soils studied were found to be potential sources of atmospheric methane. The highest values of methane emission were recorded in August at a soil temperature of 8-10 degrees C. Flooded parcels were the sources of atmospheric methane throughout the observation period. The rates of methane production and oxidation in tundra soils of various types at 5 and 15 degrees C were studied by the radioisotope method. Methane oxidation was found to occur in bog water, in the green part of peat moss, and in all the soil horizons studied. Methane formation was recorded in the horizons of peat, in clay with plant roots, and in peaty moss dust of the bogey parcels. At both temperatures, the methane oxidation rate exceeded the rate of methane formation in all the horizons of the mossy-lichen tundra and of the bumpy sinkhole complex. Methanogenesis prevailed only in a sedge-peat moss bog at 15 degrees C. Enrichment bacterial cultures oxidizing methane at 5 and 15 degrees C were obtained. Different types of methanotrophic bacteria were shown to be responsible for methane oxidation under these conditions. A representative of type I methylotrophs oxidized methane at 5 degrees C, and Methylocella tundrae, a psychroactive representative of an acidophilic methanotrophic genus Methylocella, at 15 degrees C.

[Methanotrophs of the psychrophilic microbial community of the Russian Arctic tundra]. / Metanotrofy psikhrofil'nogo mikrobnogo soobshchestva zapoliarnoi tundry Rossii.

In tundra, at a low temperature, there exists a slowly developing methanotrophic community. Methane-oxidizing bacteria are associated with plants growing at high humidity, such as sedge and sphagnum; no methonotrophs were found in polytrichous and aulacomnious mosses and lichens, typical of more arid areas. The methanotrophic bacterial community inhabits definite soil horizons, from moss dust to peat formed from it. Potential ability of the methanotrophic community to oxidize methane at 5 degrees C enhances with the depth of the soil profile in spite of the decreasing soil temperature. The methanotrophic community was found to gradually adapt to various temperatures due to the presence of different methane-oxidizing bacteria in its composition. Depending on the temperature and pH, different methanotrophs occupy different econiches. Within a temperature range from 5 to 15 degrees C, three morphologically distinct groups of methanotrophs could be distinguished. At pH 5-7 and 5-15 degrees C, forms morphologically similar to Methylobacter psychrophilus predominated, whereas at the acidic pH 4-6 and 10-15 degrees C, bipolar cells typical of Methylocella palustris were mostly found. The third group of methanotrophic bacteria growing at pH 5-7 and 5-10 degrees C was represented by a novel methanotroph whole large coccoid cells had a thick mucous capsule.

[Clinico-genetic parallels in infectious inflammatory diseases of the lungs]. / Kliniko-geneticheskie paralleli pri infektsionno-vospalitel'nykh zabolevaniiakh legkikh.

Investigation of the blood genetic markers ADB, Rh, Hp and Tr in 186 patients with chronic infectious inflammatory diseases of the lung revealed a significant increase in the blood group B(III), Rh- and phenotype Hp 2-2. It is proposed to consider the association of the blood group B(III), Rh- and Hp 2-2. as an unfavourable prognostic sign of infectious inflammatory diseases of the lung.

[Significance of determining the phenotypes of blood serum haptoglobin in infectious-inflammatory lung diseases]. / Znachenie opredeleniia fenotipov gaptoglobina syvorotki krovi pri infektsionno-vospalitel'nykh zabolevaniiakh legkikh.

Studies of haptoglobin phenotypes (Hp) by disk electrophoresis in 173 patients with various, infectious inflammatory pulmonary diseases have revealed a growing incidence rate of Hp2-2. This has prompted a conclusion that Hp2-2 may be regarded as a serum genetic marker indicating a high risk of an inflammatory pulmonary disease.

[New genus of budding bacteria Angulomicrobium tetraedrale having radially symmetrical cells]. / Novyi rod pochkuiushchikhsia bakterii Angulomicrobium tetraedrale s radial'noi simmetriei kletki.

The growth cycle and the ultrathin structure were compared in two strains of polygonal bacteria. Due to the presence of radial symmetry, the type of division, the character of metabolism and physiology in common, the polygonal bacteria are classed as a separate genus, Angulomicrobium nov. gen. It would be too early to divide the genus into species. The diagnosis of the new genus and the species A. tetraedrale nov. gen. nov. sp. is presented.

[A new triangular bacterium]. / Novye treugol'nye bakterii

A new bacterium has been isolated; its cells are of a triangle shape and have a radial symmetry. The organism was compared with two other bacteria of a triangle shape described earlier: it differs from them by morphology and physiology.