Expectant management of severe preeclampsia remote from term: the MEXPRE Latin Study, a randomized, multicenter clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to determine whether expectant management of severe preeclampsia prior to 34 weeks of gestation results in improved neonatal outcome in countries with limited resources. STUDY DESIGN: This was a randomized clinical trial performed in 8 tertiary hospitals in Latin America. Criteria of randomization included gestational age between 28 and 33 weeks' gestation and the presence of severe hypertensive disorders. Patients were randomized to steroids with prompt delivery (PD group) after 48 hours vs steroids and expectant management (EXM group). The primary outcome was perinatal mortality. RESULTS: A total of 267 patients were randomized, 133 to the PD group and 134 to the EXM group. Pregnancy prolongation was 2.2 days for the PD group vs 10.3 days for the EXM group (P = .0001). The rate of perinatal mortality (9.4% vs 8.7%; P = .81; relative risk [RR], 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.34-1.93) was not improved with expectant management, and neither was the composite of neonatal morbidities (56.4% vs 55.6%; P = .89; RR, 01.01; 95% CI, 0.81-1.26). There was no significant difference in maternal morbidity in the EXM group compared with the PD group (25.2% vs 20.3%; P = .34; RR, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.79-1.94). However, small gestational age (21.7% vs 9.4%; P = .005; RR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.21-4.14) and abruption were more common with expectant management (RR, 5.07; 95% CI, 1.13-22.7; P = .01). There were no maternal deaths. CONCLUSION: This study does not demonstrate neonatal benefit with expectant management of severe preeclampsia from 28 to 34 weeks. Additionally, a conservative approach may increase the risk of abruption and small for gestational age.

Compliance with a fetal movement chart by high-risk obstetric patients in a Peruvian hospital.

We sought to determine the degree of compliance with a novel fetal movement chart (FMC) by high-risk patients versus the standard so-called count-to-10 method. This prospective trial included 1400 high-risk patients. Women with singleton gestations were randomly assigned to use either the count-to-10 chart or a FMC proposed by the Latin American Center for Perinatology (CLAP). Advantages and disadvantages were identified by patients. Compliance with regimens was measured and compared between the two groups. Demographic characteristics were similar. Compliance in the CLAP group (448 of 700) was lower than in the count-to-10 group (638 of 700; 64 versus 91%; P < 0.0001). The main advantage of the count-to-10 chart was lack of interference with daily activities. No intrauterine demises occurred in either group. High-risk patients were more compliant with the standard count-to-10 charting method than with the novel FMC. The count-to-10 method is an easy and inexpensive tool for fetal monitoring and should continue to be used in obstetric practice.

Estudio diagnóstico de pacientes con incontinencia urinaria / Diagnostic study of patients with urinary incontinence

Se estudia prospectivamente 100 casos de mujeres con incontinencia urinaria que acudieron a los consultorios externos de Ginecología del Hospital Materno Infantil San Bartolomé entre el 2 de enero de 1981 y el 15 de diciembre de 1981. Simultáneamente se tornaron 100 casos control que no presentaron incontinencia urinaria. Todos fueron sometidos, según protocolo preestablecido, a anamnesis, examen clínico, cultivo de orina, investigación de la sensibilidad perineal y del bulbocavernoso, evaluación del perfil vaginal, medición del residuo y de la capacidad vesical. Se utiliza una técnica sencilla de Cistometría Retrógrada con Agua y se mida la respuesta de la presión vesical a la tos, se mide la longitud de la uretra y finalmente se efectúa el test de Bonney. Es interesante que este protocolo de estudio nos permite separar perfectamente tres grupos de pacientes con incontinencia urinaria: aquellas con vejiga hipotónica, aquellas con vejiga irritable o hipertónica y aquellas con incontinencia urinaria de stress. Se propone como rutina del estudio de pacientes con incontinencia urinaria, la utilización de la técnica de la cistometría retrógrada con agua, en espera de que en un futuro cercano se pueda contar con técnicas más finas.