RESUMEN
CCNE1 amplification occurs in breast cancer and currently lacks effective therapies. PKMYT1 as a synthetic lethal target for CCNE1 amplification holds promise for the treatment of CCNE1-amplified breast cancer. Herein, we discover a series of 2-amino-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-carboxamide derivatives as potent and selective PKMYT1 inhibitors using structure-based drug design. The representative compound 8ma exhibited excellent potency against PKMYT1, while sparing WEE1. It also suppressed proliferation of the CCNE1-amplified HCC1569 breast cancer cell line and showed synergistic cytotoxicity in combination with gemcitabine. PKMYT1 X-ray cocrystallography confirmed that introduction of key binding interactions between the inhibitors and residues Asp251 and Tyr121 of PKMYT1 greatly enhanced the potency and selectivity of the compounds.
RESUMEN
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.708462.].
RESUMEN
Chemical communication is vital in organismal health, reproduction, and overall well-being. Understanding the molecular pathways, neural processes, and computations governing these signals remains an active area of research. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans provides a powerful model for studying these processes as it produces a volatile sex pheromone. This pheromone is synthesized by virgin females or sperm-depleted hermaphrodites and serves as an attractant for males. This protocol describes a detailed method for isolating the volatile sex pheromone from several C. elegans strains (WT strain N2, daf-22, and fog-2) and C. remanei. We also provide a protocol for quantifying the male chemotaxis response to the volatile sex pheromone. Our analysis utilizes measurements such as chemotaxis index (C.I.), arrival time (A.T.), and a trajectory plot to compare male responses under various conditions accurately. This method allows for robust comparisons between males of different genetic backgrounds or developmental stages. Furthermore, the experimental setup outlined here is adaptable to investigating other chemoattraction chemicals.
Asunto(s)
Caenorhabditis elegans , Quimiotaxis , Atractivos Sexuales , Animales , Atractivos Sexuales/farmacología , Atractivos Sexuales/química , Quimiotaxis/fisiología , Quimiotaxis/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , FemeninoRESUMEN
Introduction: Alcohol flushing syndrome (AFS) is experienced by up to 46% of East Asians. This study aimed to review the risk of cancers in AFS patients, elucidate an exposure-response relationship, and understand risk associated with alcohol intake and cancer. Method: An electronic database search of PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane Library was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines. Observational studies on AFS' effects and all cancers risk were included. Studies including patients with existing malignancy were excluded. Dichotomous variables were pooled using the Mantel-Haenszel method with a random effects model. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were performed. PROSPERO (CRD42023392916) protocol was followed. Results: A total of 18 articles were included in the final analysis with a total of 387,521 participants. AFS was associated with an increased risk of all cancers (odds ratio [OR] 1.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06-1.34), esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.05-2.05) and gastric adenocarci-noma (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.14-1.72). Men with AFS exhibited an increased risk of all cancers (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.13-1.59). However, this was not observed in women. All cancers risk was associated with AFS in those who consumed drink (i.e. consumed alcohol) more than 200 g of pure ethanol/week (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.20-2.37) but not those who consumed less than 200 g of pure ethanol/week (OR 1.27, 95% CI 0.90-1.79) or non-drinkers (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.67-1.47). Conclusion: AFS is associated with an increased risk of all cancers, particularly esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and gastric adenocarcinoma.
Asunto(s)
Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas , Neoplasias Esofágicas , Rubor , Humanos , Rubor/epidemiología , Neoplasias Esofágicas/epidemiología , Neoplasias Esofágicas/etiología , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/efectos adversos , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/epidemiología , Neoplasias/epidemiología , Neoplasias/etiología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Esófago/epidemiología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Esófago/etiología , Neoplasias Gástricas/epidemiología , Neoplasias Gástricas/etiología , Adenocarcinoma/epidemiología , Adenocarcinoma/etiología , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
Thioesters are a common class of biologically active fragments and synthetically useful building blocks. An attractive synthetic approach would be to use simple and bench-stable carboxylic acids as a coupling partner. Herein, we present a 4-bromo pyridine-borane complex as a catalyst for the direct coupling of carboxylic acids with thiols. A wide range of thioesters with good functional group compatibility could be prepared via this metal-free approach. The merit of this strategy is exemplified by the modification of carboxylic acid-containing drugs.
RESUMEN
To assess the blending effect of field snails with grass carp muscle, the effects of paramyosin (PM) and actomyosin (AM) with different mixture ratios on the gel properties of the binary blend system were investigated in our work. The purified PM from field snail muscle was about 95 kDa on SDS-PAGE. Its main secondary structure was α-helix, which reached to 97.97 %. When the amount of PM increased in the binary blend system, their rheological indices and gel strength were improved. The water holding capacity (WHC) increased to 86.30 % at a mixture ratio of 2:8. However, the WHC and the area of immobile water (P22) dramatically decreased, and the area of free water (P23) increased when the mixture ratio exceeded 4:6. The low level of PM in binary blend system promoted the formation of a homogenous and dense gel network through non-covalent interactions as observed results of SEM and FTIR. When there were redundant PM molecules, the development of heterostructure via hydrophobic interaction of tail-tail contributed to the reduced gel properties of the binary blend system. These findings provided new insight into the binary blend system of PM and AM with different ratios to change the gel properties of myofibrillar protein.
Asunto(s)
Actomiosina , Tropomiosina , Animales , Geles/química , Actomiosina/química , Caracoles , Agua/químicaRESUMEN
Bacteria can swim upstream in a narrow tube and pose a clinical threat of urinary tract infection to patients implanted with catheters. Coatings and structured surfaces have been proposed to repel bacteria, but no such approach thoroughly addresses the contamination problem in catheters. Here, on the basis of the physical mechanism of upstream swimming, we propose a novel geometric design, optimized by an artificial intelligence model. Using Escherichia coli, we demonstrate the anti-infection mechanism in microfluidic experiments and evaluate the effectiveness of the design in three-dimensionally printed prototype catheters under clinical flow rates. Our catheter design shows that one to two orders of magnitude improved suppression of bacterial contamination at the upstream end, potentially prolonging the in-dwelling time for catheter use and reducing the overall risk of catheter-associated urinary tract infection.
Asunto(s)
Catéteres Urinarios , Infecciones Urinarias , Humanos , Catéteres Urinarios/microbiología , Inteligencia Artificial , Infecciones Urinarias/prevención & control , Infecciones Urinarias/microbiología , Bacterias , Escherichia coli , HidrolasasRESUMEN
Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive and debilitating lung disease characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components within the lung parenchyma. However, the underlying mechanism remains largely elusive, and the treatment options available for pulmonary fibrosis are limited. Interleukin 5 receptor, alpha (IL5RA) is a well-established regulator of eosinophil activation, involved in eosinophil-mediated anti-parasitic activities and allergic reactions. Recent studies have indicated additional roles of IL5RA in lung epithelium and fibroblasts. Nevertheless, its involvement in pulmonary fibrosis remains unclear. In present study, we employed single-cell analyses alongside molecular and cellular assays to unveil the expression of IL5RA in lung epithelial cells. Moreover, using both in vitro and in vivo models, we demonstrated a notable upregulation of epithelial IL5RA during the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. This upregulated IL5RA expression subsequently promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), leading to the generation of mesenchymal phenotype with augmented capability for ECM production. Importantly, our findings uncovered that the pro-fibrotic function of IL5RA is mediated by Jak2/STAT3 signaling cascades. Inhibiting IL5RA has the potential to deactivate Jak2/STAT3 and suppress the downstream EMT process and ECM production, thereby offering a promising therapeutic strategy for pulmonary fibrosis.
Asunto(s)
Fibrosis Pulmonar , Humanos , Transición Epitelial-Mesenquimal/fisiología , Fibrosis , Subunidad alfa del Receptor de Interleucina-5/metabolismo , Pulmón/metabolismo , Fibrosis Pulmonar/metabolismo , Receptores de Interleucina-5/metabolismo , Factor de Transcripción STAT3/metabolismoRESUMEN
Animals integrate sensory information from the environment and display various behaviors in response to external stimuli. In Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodites, 33 types of sensory neurons are responsible for chemosensation, olfaction, and mechanosensation. However, the functional roles of all sensory neurons have not been systematically studied due to the lack of facile genetic accessibility. A bipartite cGAL-UAS system has been previously developed to study tissue- or cell-specific functions in C. elegans. Here, we report a toolkit of new cGAL drivers that can facilitate the analysis of a vast majority of the 60 sensory neurons in C. elegans hermaphrodites. We generated 37 sensory neuronal cGAL drivers that drive cGAL expression by cell-specific regulatory sequences or intersection of two distinct regulatory regions with overlapping expression (split cGAL). Most cGAL-drivers exhibit expression in single types of cells. We also constructed 28 UAS effectors that allow expression of proteins to perturb or interrogate sensory neurons of choice. This cGAL-UAS sensory neuron toolkit provides a genetic platform to systematically study the functions of C. elegans sensory neurons.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans , Caenorhabditis elegans , Animales , Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolismo , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans/genética , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolismo , Células Receptoras Sensoriales/metabolismoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Vancomycin 24-hour area under the curve over minimum inhibitory concentration (AUC/MIC) monitoring has been recommended over trough-based monitoring in pediatric patients. This study compared the proportion of target attainment between vancomycin AUC/MIC and trough-based methods, and identified risk factors for subtherapeutic initial extrapolated targets. METHODS: This was a retrospective, observational study conducted at KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), Singapore. Patients aged 1 month to 18 years with stable renal function who received intravenous vancomycin between January 2014 and October 2017, with at least 2 vancomycin serum concentrations obtained after the first dose of vancomycin, were included. Using a pharmacokinetic software, namely Adult and Pediatric Kinetics (APK), initial extrapolated steady-state troughs and 24-hour AUC were determined by using a one-compartmental model. Statistical tests included Wilcoxon rank sum test, McNemar test, logistic regression, and classification and regression tree (CART) analysis. RESULTS: Of the 82 pediatric patients included, a significantly larger proportion of patients achieved therapeutic targets when the AUC/MIC-based method (24, 29.3%) was used than with the trough-based method (9, 11.0%; p < 0.01). Patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or with age <13 years had an increased risk of obtaining subtherapeutic targets. However, empiric vancomycin doses of 60 mg/kg/day would be sufficient to achieve serum therapeutic targets, using the AUC/MIC-based method. CONCLUSION: The AUC/MIC-based vancomycin monitoring may be preferred because a larger proportion of patients could achieve initial therapeutic targets. Future prospective studies with larger sample size will be required to determine the optimal vancomycin strategy for pediatric patients.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the roles of duration and burden of atrial high-rate episode (AHRE) on ischemic stroke in patients with pacemaker implantation. METHODS: Patients with pacemaker implantation for bradycardia from 2013 to 2017 were consecutively enrolled. Data such as gender, age, combined diseases, type of AF, left atrial size, left ventricular size, left ventricular ejection fraction, CHA2 DS2 -VASc score, and anticoagulants were collected. The burden and duration of AHRE based on different interval partition were also recorded in detail to evaluate the impacts on ischemic stroke. Cox regression analysis with time-dependent covariates was conducted. RESULTS: A total of 220 patients with AHRE were enrolled. The average follow-up time was 48.42 ± 17.20 months. Univariate regression analysis showed that diabetes (p = .024), high CHA2 DS2 -VASc score (≥ 2) (p = .021), long mean AHRE burden (p = .011), long maximal AHRE burden (p = .015), long AHRE duration lasting≥48 h (p = .001) or 24 h (p = .001) or 12 h (p = .005) were prone to ischemic stroke. Further multivariate regression analysis showed that long duration of AHRE (≥48 h) (HR 10.77; 95% CI 3.22-55.12; p = .030) were significantly correlated with stroke in patients with paroxysmal AF. There was no significant correlation between the type of AF and stroke (p = .927). CONCLUSION: The longer duration of AHRE (≥48 h) was more favorable in predicting ischemic stroke than high CHA2 DS2 -VASc score (≥2).
Asunto(s)
Fibrilación Atrial , Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico , Humanos , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Volumen Sistólico , Función Ventricular IzquierdaRESUMEN
Objective: GW4869 is an exosomal inhibitor. It is necessary to delay the occurrence of gefitinib resistance during non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. This study aimed to investigate the anti-tumor effects of GW4869 on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and expression of extracellular heat shock protein 90α (eHSP90α) that contributes to acquired resisitance. Our study provides a new sight into the treatment of EGFR-mutated NSCLC. Materials and Methods: We performed western blotting to detect levels of EMT and eHSP90α. Wound healing and transwell assays were performed to evaluate the behavioral dynamics of EMT. A nude mouse model of HCC827 was established in vivo. Results: GW4869 inhibited the expression of eHSP90α, EMT, invasion and migration abilities of HCC827 and PC9. GW4869 enhanced sensitivity to gefitinib in BALB/c nude mice bearing tumors of HCC827. Conclusion: These studies suggest that GW4869 can inhibit EMT and extracellular HSP90α, providing new strategies for enhancing gefitinib sensitivity in NSCLC.
RESUMEN
Botryosphaeria dothidea is the source of the deadly kiwifruit disease known as soft rot. In order to explore the role of melatonin in regulating the postharvest quality and disease resistance of kiwifruit at different growth and development stages, in this study, we applied melatonin at different concentrations to kiwifruit at the young fruit, expansion, and late expansion stages to assess its effect on fruit resistance to B. dothidea, minimize soft rot, and maintain postharvest fruit quality. The results showed that melatonin significantly suppressed the mycelial growth of B. dothidea, with 1.0 mmol/L melatonin inhibiting it by up to 50%. However, 0.1-0.3 mmol/L melatonin had the best control over soft rot. Furthermore, spraying MT during kiwifruit growth can successfully increase fruit weight; preserve postharvest fruit firmness; reduce respiration intensity in the early stages of storage; delay the rise in soluble solids, while maintaining a high titratable acid content to ensure suitable solid acid ratio; increase total phenol, flavonoid, chlorophyll, carotenoid, and ascorbic acid contents; and delay the rise in soluble sugar contents in the late stages of storage. These results have a positive effect on maintaining the nutritional composition of kiwifruit. However, the effects on weight loss, dry matter content, and soluble protein content were not significant. In addition, the results of the principal component analysis demonstrated that 0.3 mmol/L MT increased kiwifruit's resistance to soft rot while preserving postharvest fruit quality.
RESUMEN
In the present study, the cuticular wax morphology, composition and the relationship with storage quality in three plum cultivars of Prunus salicina 'Kongxin' (KXL), Prunus salicina 'Fengtang' (FTL) and Prunus salicina 'Cuihong' (CHL) were investigated during storage at room temperature of 25 ± 1 °C. The results illustrated that the highest cuticular wax concentration was discovered in KXL, followed by FTL and the lowest in CHL. The fruit wax composition of the three plum cultivars was similar and principally composed of alkanes, alcohols, fatty acids, ketones, aldehydes, esters, triterpenes and olefins. Alcohols, alkanes and triterpenes were the dominant fruit wax compounds of the three plum cultivars. After storage for 20 d at room temperature, the variation of cuticular wax crystal structure and composition showed significant cultivar-associated differences. The total wax content decreased for FTL and CHL and increased for KXL, and the wax crystal degraded and melted together over time. The higher contents of the main components in the three plum cultivars were nonacosane, 1-triacontanol, 1-heneicosanol, nonacosan-10-one, octacosanal, ursolic aldehyde and oleic acid. Alcohols, triterpenes, fatty acids and aldehydes were most dramatically correlated with the softening of fruit and storage quality, and alkanes, esters and olefins were most significantly correlated with the water loss. Nonacosane and ursolic aldehyde can enhance the water retention of fruit. Overall, this study will provide a theoretical reference for the further precise development of edible plum fruit wax.
RESUMEN
Objective.Reliable and user-friendly electrodes can continuously and real-time capture the electroencephalography (EEG) signals, which is essential for real-life brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). This study develops a flexible, durable, and low-contact-impedance polyvinyl alcohol/polyacrylamide double-network hydrogel (PVA/PAM DNH)-based semi-dry electrode for robust EEG recording at hairy scalp.Approach.The PVA/PAM DNHs are developed using a cyclic freeze-thaw strategy and used as a saline reservoir for semi-dry electrodes. The PVA/PAM DNHs steadily deliver trace amounts of saline onto the scalp, enabling low and stable electrode-scalp impedance. The hydrogel also conforms well to the wet scalp, stabilizing the electrode-scalp interface. The feasibility of the real-life BCIs is validated by conducting four classic BCI paradigms on 16 participants.Main results.The results show that the PVA/PAM DNHs with 7.5 wt% PVA achieve a satisfactory trade-off between the saline load-unloading capacity and the compressive strength. The proposed semi-dry electrode exhibits a low contact impedance (18 ± 8.9 kΩ at 10 Hz), a small offset potential (0.46 mV), and negligible potential drift (1.5 ± 0.4µV min-1). The temporal cross-correlation between the semi-dry and wet electrodes is 0.91, and the spectral coherence is higher than 0.90 at frequencies below 45 Hz. Furthermore, no significant differences are present in BCI classification accuracy between these two typical electrodes.Significance.Based on the durability, rapid setup, wear-comfort, and robust signals of the developed hydrogel, PVA/PAM DNH-based semi-dry electrodes are a promising alternative to wet electrodes in real-life BCIs.
Asunto(s)
Interfaces Cerebro-Computador , Cuero Cabelludo , Humanos , Alcohol Polivinílico , Electroencefalografía/métodos , Hidrogeles , ElectrodosRESUMEN
This study aimed to evaluate the performance of a deep-learning model to evaluate knee osteoarthritis using Kellgren-Lawrence grading in real-life knee radiographs. A deep convolutional neural network model was trained using 8964 knee radiographs from the osteoarthritis initiative (OAI), including 962 testing set images. Another 246 knee radiographs from the Far Eastern Memorial Hospital were used for external validation. The OAI testing set and external validation images were evaluated by experienced specialists, two orthopedic surgeons, and a musculoskeletal radiologist. The accuracy, interobserver agreement, F1 score, precision, recall, specificity, and ability to identify surgical candidates were used to compare the performances of the model and specialists. Attention maps illustrated the interpretability of the model classification. The model had a 78% accuracy and consistent interobserver agreement for the OAI (model-surgeon 1 Ð = 0.80, model-surgeon 2 Ð = 0.84, model-radiologist Ð = 0.86) and external validation (model-surgeon 1 Ð = 0.81, model-surgeon 2 Ð = 0.82, model-radiologist Ð = 0.83) images. A lower interobserver agreement was found in the images misclassified by the model (model-surgeon 1 Ð = 0.57, model-surgeon 2 Ð = 0.47, model-radiologist Ð = 0.65). The model performed better than specialists in identifying surgical candidates (Kellgren-Lawrence Stages 3 and 4) with an F1 score of 0.923. Our model not only had comparable results with specialists with respect to the ability to identify surgical candidates but also performed consistently with open database and real-life radiographs. We believe the controversy of the misclassified knee osteoarthritis images was based on a significantly lower interobserver agreement.
Asunto(s)
Aprendizaje Profundo , Cirujanos Ortopédicos , Osteoartritis de la Rodilla , Humanos , Osteoartritis de la Rodilla/diagnóstico por imagen , Rodilla , RadiografíaRESUMEN
AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of foveal-sparing internal limiting membrane peeling(FSIP)or complete internal limiting membrane peeling(CMIP)for the treatment of myopic traction maculopathy(MTM)during vitrectomy.METHODS: CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched from January 1th 2000 to July 1th 2022, and studies that compared FSIP and CMIP for MTM were collected. The change and recovery rate of best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), incidence of full-thickness macular hole(FTMH), change of central foveal thickness(CFT)and the rate of complete reattachment.RESULTS: A total of 484 eyes from 12 literatures were included, with 203 eyes in the FSIP group and 281 eyes in the CMIP group. The results of Meta-analysis showed that FSIP group were superior to the CMIP group in the mean change of BCVA(SMD=0.52, 95%CI: 0.20~0.85, P=0.002), the improvement rate of BCVA(RR=1.50, 95%CI: 1.22~1.85, P=0.0002)and the incidence of postoperative FTMH(RR=0.23, 95%CI: 0.10~0.54, P=0.0008). There was no statistical difference between the two surgical methods in terms of mean change in CFT(SMD=0.04, 95%CI: -0.19~0.26, P=0.75)and the rate of complete reattachment(RR=1.12, 95%CI: 0.94~1.32, P=0.20).CONCLUSION: FSIP have similar anatomical outcomes compared to CMIP, but FSIP resulted in better visual acuity and lower incidence of postoperative FTMH.
RESUMEN
Cuticular wax is an essential barrier against biological and abiotic stress and is also an important factor affecting fruit storage quality. This paper investigated the effect of melatonin treatment on cuticular wax and the storage quality of plum fruit at low temperature storage of 4 ± 1 °C. 'Kongxin' plum was treated with 150 µmol·L-1 melatonin, dried overnight at room temperature 25 ± 1 °C, and then stored at 4 ± 1 °C for 40 d. The microstructure of the fruit epidermis was examined after 0, 20, and 40 d of storage, and the wax composition and fruit storage quality were measured at 10 d intervals. The results demonstrated that melatonin promoted the disintegration and thickening of rod-shaped waxy crystals of 'Kongxin' plum fruit and inhibited the combination of disintegrated wax and inner wax. Melatonin maintained fruit firmness and decreased the correlation between fruit firmness and other storage quality parameters. The correlation between firmness and wax composition was enhanced. Melatonin promoted long-chain alkanes that were positively correlated with firmness and water retention and strengthened the correlation between the length of the alkane chain and storage quality parameters but reduced the difference between alkane isomers and storage quality parameters.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The automatic coding of clinical text documents by using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) can be performed for statistical analyses and reimbursements. With the development of natural language processing models, new transformer architectures with attention mechanisms have outperformed previous models. Although multicenter training may increase a model's performance and external validity, the privacy of clinical documents should be protected. We used federated learning to train a model with multicenter data, without sharing data per se. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to train a classification model via federated learning for ICD-10 multilabel classification. METHODS: Text data from discharge notes in electronic medical records were collected from the following three medical centers: Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, National Taiwan University Hospital, and Taipei Veterans General Hospital. After comparing the performance of different variants of bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT), PubMedBERT was chosen for the word embeddings. With regard to preprocessing, the nonalphanumeric characters were retained because the model's performance decreased after the removal of these characters. To explain the outputs of our model, we added a label attention mechanism to the model architecture. The model was trained with data from each of the three hospitals separately and via federated learning. The models trained via federated learning and the models trained with local data were compared on a testing set that was composed of data from the three hospitals. The micro F1 score was used to evaluate model performance across all 3 centers. RESULTS: The F1 scores of PubMedBERT, RoBERTa (Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach), ClinicalBERT, and BioBERT (BERT for Biomedical Text Mining) were 0.735, 0.692, 0.711, and 0.721, respectively. The F1 score of the model that retained nonalphanumeric characters was 0.8120, whereas the F1 score after removing these characters was 0.7875-a decrease of 0.0245 (3.11%). The F1 scores on the testing set were 0.6142, 0.4472, 0.5353, and 0.2522 for the federated learning, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, National Taiwan University Hospital, and Taipei Veterans General Hospital models, respectively. The explainable predictions were displayed with highlighted input words via the label attention architecture. CONCLUSIONS: Federated learning was used to train the ICD-10 classification model on multicenter clinical text while protecting data privacy. The model's performance was better than that of models that were trained locally.
RESUMEN
Herein we present a facile synthesis of the graphene oxide-decorated binary transition metal oxides of Bi2O3 and MnO2 nanocomposites (Bi2O3/MnO2/GO) and their applications in the voltammetric detection of lead ions (Pb2+) in water samples. The surface morphologies, crystal structures, electroactive surface area, and charge transferred resistance of the Bi2O3/MnO2/GO nanocomposites were investigated through the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), power X-ray diffraction (XRD), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques, respectively. The Bi2O3/MnO2/GO nanocomposites were further decorated onto the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE), and Pb2+ was quantitatively analyzed by using square-wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV). We explored the effect of the analytical parameters, including deposition potential, deposition time, and solution pH, on the stripping peak current of Pb2+. The Bi2O3/MnO2/GO nanocomposites enlarged the electroactive surface area and reduced the charge transferred resistance by significant amounts. Moreover, the synergistic enhancement effect of MnO2, Bi2O3 and GO endowed Bi2O3/MnO2/GO/GCE with extraordinary electrocatalytic activity toward Pb2+ stripping. Under optimal conditions, the Bi2O3/MnO2/GO/GCE showed a broad linear detection range (0.01-10 µM) toward Pb2+ detection, with a low limit of detection (LOD, 2.0 nM). The proposed Bi2O3/MnO2/GO/GCE electrode achieved an accurate detection of Pb2+ in water with good recoveries (95.5-105%).