[Molecular genetic abnormalities of N-myc and C-myc in pediatric neuroblastic tumors and clinical pathologic significance].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the molecular genetic abnormalities of N-myc and C-myc, and their clinical pathological implications in pediatric neuroblastic tumors (NTs). METHODS: Abnormalities of N-myc were detected by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique in 246 cases of NTs, including neuroblastoma (NB,188 cases), ganglioneuroblastoma (GNB, 52 cases), ganglioneuroma (GN, 6 cases), and their association with the histological typing of the tumors and prognosis was analyzed. Abnormalities of C-myc were detected by FISH in 133 cases of NTs. RESULTS: Of the 246 cases of NTs, N-myc amplification was only found in 27 cases (11.0%, 27/246) of NB, but not in any cases of GNB or GN (P < 0.05). 89.0% (219/246) N-myc non-amplification were found in NTs, and it included N-myc gain in 175 cases (71.1%, 175/246) and normal N-myc in 44 cases (17.9%, 44/246). Univariate analysis indicated significantly (P = 0.012) poorer outcome in patients with N-myc amplification than N-myc non-amplification. However no significant difference was observed between N-myc gain cases and normal N-myc cases (P = 0.057). C-myc gain was found in 74 of 133 cases (55.6%) of NTs; no C-myc amplification or translocation was detected. Forty percent (6/15) of cases with N-myc amplification and 57.6% (68/118) of cases with N-myc non-amplification were accompanied by C-myc gain. The difference between N-myc amplification and non-amplification with C-myc gain was not significant (P > 0.05). Univariate analysis indicated that the outcome difference was not statistically significant between C-myc gain cases and normal C-myc cases (P = 0.357). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of N-myc amplification only found in NB is low in pediatric NTs in China. Patients with N-myc amplification predict poorer outcome. No amplification or translocation of C-myc is detected in NTs, whereas C-myc gain is relatively common in NTs. There is no obvious association between N-myc amplification and C-myc gain.

[Diagnosis and treatment of atypical adenomatous pulmonary hyperplasia in lungs].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristic of atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) in lungs though its computerized tomography (CT) scan, pathology and surgical mode. METHODS: The investigators retrospectively evaluated 10 atypical adenomatous hyperplasias (AAH) that were histologically confirmed and that manifested pure ground glass opacity (GGO) on thin-section helical CT scans. There were 2 males and 8 females with a median age 54.4 years old. All patients had the surgery. Their characteristic of CT scan and pathology were compared. All received a follow-up. RESULTS: In all cases, peripheral nodules were located at left upper lobe (n = 4), left lower lobe (n = 2) and right lower lobe (n = 4). GGO at a diameter of 0.5 - 1.2 cm was manifested on thin-section helical CT scans. The borderline of GGO was distinct and there was an equal density. Two of 10 cases underwent a wedge resection and 8 lobectomy. Postoperative patients recovered quickly without severe complications. Microscopically it manifested an apparent local pattern of alveolus epithelium hyperplasia in lungs. The alveolar interval had a slight increase. Local hyperplasia of fibrous cells was present with a slight degree of nucleus heteromorphism. The follow-up period was 2 months to 5 years. Ten patients with an excellent life quality survive without recurrence and metastasis. CONCLUSION: The preoperative diagnostic rate of AAH is boosted by high-differentiation enhancement CT scan and CT number histograms. But a definite diagnosis still requires the histological evidence. Surgery is one of the most reliable therapy for AAH.