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Objective: The study aimed to investigate the impact of rare earth elements (REEs) exposure on pregnancy outcomes of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) by analyzing samples from spouses. Methods: A total of 141 couples were included. Blood and follicular fluid from the wives and semen plasma from the husbands, were analyzed for REEs using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Spearman's correlation coefficients and the Mann-Whitney U test were used to assess correlations and compare REE concentrations among three types of samples, respectively. Logistic models were utilized to estimate the individual REE effect on IVF-ET outcomes, while BKMR and WQS models explored the mixture of REE interaction effects on IVF-ET outcomes. Results: Higher La concentration in semen (median 0.089 ng/mL, P = 0.03) was associated with a lower fertilization rate. However, this effect was not observed after artificial selection intervention through intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) ( P = 0.27). In semen, the REEs mixture did not exhibit any significant association with clinical pregnancy. Conclusion: Our study revealed a potential association between high La exposure in semen and a decline in fertilization rate, but not clinical pregnancy rate. This is the first to report REEs concentrations in follicular fluid with La, Ce, Pr, and Nd found at significantly lower concentrations than in serum, suggesting that these four REEs may not accumulate in the female reproductive system. However, at the current exposure levels, mixed REEs exposure did not exhibit reproductive toxicity.
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Transferencia de Embrión , Fertilización In Vitro , Metales de Tierras Raras , Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Embarazo , Metales de Tierras Raras/análisis , Masculino , Beijing , Semen/química , Resultado del Embarazo , Líquido Folicular/químicaRESUMEN
In proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE), the anode oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts rely heavily on the expensive and scarce iridium-based materials. Ruthenium dioxide (RuO2) with lower price and higher OER activity, has been explored for the similar task, but has been restricted by the poor stability. Herein, we developed an anion modification strategy to improve the OER performance of RuO2 in acidic media. The designed multicomponent catalyst based on sulfate anchored on RuO2/MoO3 displays a low overpotential of 190 mV at 10 mA cm-2 and stably operates for 500 hours with a very low degradation rate of 20 µV h-1. When assembled in a PEMWE cell, this catalyst as an anode shows an excellent stability at 500 mA cm-2 for 150 h. Experimental and theoretical results revealed that MoO3 could stabilize sulfate anion on RuO2 surface to suppress its leaching during OER. Such MoO3-anchored sulfate not only reduces the formation energy of *OOH intermediate on RuO2, but also impedes both the surface Ru and lattice oxygen loss, thereby achieving the high OER activity and exceptional durability.
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In forensic practice, determining the postmortem submersion interval (PMSI) and cause-of-death of cadavers in aquatic ecosystems has always been challenging task. Traditional approaches are not yet able to address these issues effectively and adequately. Our previous study proposed novel models to predict the PMSI and cause-of-death based on metabolites of blood from rats immersed in freshwater. However, with the advance of putrefaction, it is hardly to obtain blood samples beyond 3 days postmortem. To further assess the feasibility of PMSI estimation and drowning diagnosis in the later postmortem phase, gastrocnemius, the more degradation-resistant tissue, was collected from drowned rats and postmortem submersion model in freshwater immediately after death, and at 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, 7 days, and 10 days postmortem respectively. Then the samples were analyzed with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to investigate the dynamic changes of the metabolites. A total of 924 metabolites were identified. Similar chronological changes of gastrocnemius metabolites were observed in the drowning and postmortem submersion groups. The difference in metabolic profiles between drowning and postmortem submersion groups was only evident in the initial 1 day postmortem, which was faded as the PMSI extension. Nineteen metabolites representing temporally-dynamic patterns were selected as biomarkers for PMSI estimation. A regression model was built based on these biomarkers with random forest algorithm, which yielded a mean absolute error (± SE) of 5.856 (± 1.296) h on validation samples from an independent experiment. These findings added to our knowledge of chronological changes in muscle metabolites from submerged vertebrate remains during decomposition, which provided a new perspective for PMSI estimation.
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Ahogamiento , Agua Dulce , Inmersión , Metabolómica , Modelos Animales , Músculo Esquelético , Cambios Post Mortem , Animales , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Ahogamiento/diagnóstico , Ahogamiento/metabolismo , Masculino , Cromatografía Liquida , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Biomarcadores/metabolismoRESUMEN
Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS), the primary medicinal ingredient of Panax notoginseng, mitigates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) by inhibiting inflammation, regulating oxidative stress, promoting angiogenesis, and improving microcirculation. Moreover, PNS activates nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which is known to inhibit ferroptosis and reduce inflammation in the rat brain. However, the molecular regulatory roles of PNS in CIRI-induced ferroptosis remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of PNS on ferroptosis and inflammation in CIRI. We induced ferroptosis in SH-SY5Y cells via erastin stimulation and oxygen glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R) in vitro. Furthermore, we determined the effect of PNS treatment in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion and assessed the underlying mechanism. We also analyzed the changes in the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins and inflammatory factors in the established rat model. OGD/R led to an increase in the levels of ferroptosis markers in SH-SY5Y cells, which were reduced by PNS treatment. In the rat model, combined treatment with an Nrf2 agonist, Nrf2 inhibitor, and PNS-Nrf2 inhibitor confirmed that PNS promotes Nrf2 nuclear localization and reduces ferroptosis and inflammatory responses, thereby mitigating brain injury. Mechanistically, PNS treatment facilitated Nrf2 activation, thereby regulating the expression of iron overload and lipid peroxidation-related proteins and the activities of anti-oxidant enzymes. This cascade inhibited ferroptosis and mitigated CIRI. Altogether, these results suggest that the ferroptosis-mediated activation of Nrf2 by PNS reduces inflammation and is a promising therapeutic approach for CIRI.
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Ferroptosis , Factor 2 Relacionado con NF-E2 , Panax notoginseng , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Daño por Reperfusión , Saponinas , Animales , Factor 2 Relacionado con NF-E2/metabolismo , Ferroptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Panax notoginseng/química , Daño por Reperfusión/tratamiento farmacológico , Daño por Reperfusión/metabolismo , Saponinas/farmacología , Masculino , Ratas , Humanos , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Inflamación/metabolismo , Isquemia Encefálica/tratamiento farmacológico , Isquemia Encefálica/metabolismo , FitoterapiaRESUMEN
In this study, we compared the growth, development, and fecundity of Arma chinensis (Fallou) reared on pupae of the geometrid Ectropis grisescens Warren fed on tea shoots during different seasons of the year. The raw data on life history were analyzed using the age-stage, 2-sex life table. When reared on spring or winter geometrid pupae, the duration of the immature stage of A. chinensis was significantly longer than in those produced during the summer or autumn. The survival rate of immature A. chinensis reared on autumn geometrid pupae was significantly lower compared to other treatments. Reproductive diapause was observed in adult A. chinensis reared on winter geometrid pupae. The adult preoviposition period (APOP), total preoviposition period (TPOP), and total longevity were significantly longer in A. chinensis reared on winter pupae than in the other treatments. The fecundity of A. chinensis reared on spring geometrid pupae was significantly lower than in the other treatments. The higher intrinsic rate of increase of the A. chinensis reared on summer pupae (râ =â 0.0966 day-1) and autumn pupae (râ =â 0.0983 day-1) resulted in higher fecundity, shorter immature duration, and shorter TPOP compared to the winter and spring populations. These findings can be utilized to enhance and sustain biological control of E. grisescens in tea plantations.
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Mariposas Nocturnas , Pupa , Estaciones del Año , Animales , Pupa/crecimiento & desarrollo , Pupa/fisiología , Mariposas Nocturnas/crecimiento & desarrollo , Mariposas Nocturnas/fisiología , Masculino , Femenino , Camellia sinensis , Heterópteros/fisiología , Heterópteros/crecimiento & desarrollo , Fertilidad , Control Biológico de Vectores , Longevidad , Brotes de la Planta/crecimiento & desarrollo , Larva/crecimiento & desarrollo , Larva/fisiologíaRESUMEN
The excitation-dependent emission properties of carbon dots (Cdots) are extensively reported, but their red emission is often weak, limiting their wider application. Here we introduce ethidium bromide, as a functional precursor with red emission, to enhance the red emission for Cdots, with comparable intensity at a broad wavelength range to multi-emission Cdots (M-Cdots). We found that Cdots prepared with ethidium bromide/ethylenediamine exhibited strong blue and red emission at 440 and 615 nm, with optimal excitation at 360 and 470 nm as M-Cdots, respectively, but the Cdots from single ethidium bromide (EB-Cdots) possessed weak red emission. M-Cdots exhibited a broad absorption band at 478 nm, but a band blue-shifted to 425 nm was observed for EB-Cdots, while no absorption was observed at 478-425 nm for the Cdots prepared with citric acid and ethylenediamine. Thus, we proposed that C=O and C=N formed a π-conjugation structure as the absorption band at 478 nm for the red emission of M-Cdots, as also confirmed with the excitation at 470 nm. Moreover, the π-conjugation structure is fragile and sensitive to harsh conditions, so red emission was difficult to observe for the Cdots prepared with citric acid/ethylenediamine or single ethidium bromide. M-Cdots possess two centers for blue and red emission with different structures. The dual emission was therefore used for ratiometric sensing with dichromate (Cr2O72-) and formaldehyde (HCHO) as the targets using the intensity ratio of the emissions at 615 and 440 nm. Due to the comparable intensity at a broad wavelength range, we designed encryption codes with five excitations at 360, 400, 420, 450, and 470 nm as the inputs, and the emission colors were used for information decoding. Thus, we determined why red emission was difficult to realize for Cdots, and our results could motivate the design of red-emission Cdots for extensive applications.
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PURPOSE: The purpose of this research was to investigate the efficacy of the CT-based peritoneal cancer index (PCI) to predict the overall survival of patients with peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer (GCPM) after two cycles of chemotherapy. METHODS: This retrospective study registered 112 individuals with peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer in our hospital. Abdominal and pelvic enhanced CT before and after chemotherapy was independently analyzed by two radiologists. The PCI of peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer was evaluated according to the Sugarbaker classification, considering the size and distribution of the lesions using CT. Then we evaluated the prognostic performance of PCI based on CT, clinical characteristics, and imaging findings for survival analysis using multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression. RESULTS: The PCI change ratio based on CT after treatment (ΔPCI), therapy lines, and change in grade of ascites were independent factors that were associated with overall survival (OS). The area under the curve (AUC) value of ΔPCI for predicting OS with 0.773 was higher than that of RECIST 1.1 with 0.661 (P < 0.05). Patients with ΔPCI less than -15% had significantly longer OS. CONCLUSION: CT analysis after chemotherapy could predict OS in patients with GCPM. The CT-PCI change ratio could contribute to the determination of an appropriate strategy for gastric cancer patients with peritoneal metastasis.
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Neoplasias Peritoneales , Neoplasias Gástricas , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Humanos , Neoplasias Gástricas/patología , Neoplasias Gástricas/mortalidad , Neoplasias Gástricas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Gástricas/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Peritoneales/secundario , Neoplasias Peritoneales/mortalidad , Neoplasias Peritoneales/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Peritoneales/diagnóstico por imagen , Femenino , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/métodos , Anciano , Pronóstico , Adulto , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Daurisoline (DS) is an isoquinoline alkaloid that exerts anticancer activities in various cancer cells. However, the underlying mechanisms through which DS affects the survival of breast cancer cells remain poorly understood. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate the potential anticancer effect of DS on breast cancer cells and reveal the mechanism underlying the enhanced tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-mediated apoptosis by DS. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay were used to evaluate the ability of cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was selected to examine the cell cycle distribution. TUNEL assay was used to detect the cell apoptosis. The protein expression was measured by Western blot analysis. DS was found to reduce the cell viability and suppress the proliferation of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells by causing G1 phase cell cycle arrest. DS could trigger apoptosis by promoting the cleavage of caspase-8 and PARP. The phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38MAPK was upregulated clearly following DS treatment. Notably, SP600125 (JNK inhibitor) pretreatment significantly abrogated DS-induced PARP cleavage. DS inactivated Akt/mTOR and Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway and upregulated the expression of ER stress-related proteins. Additionally, DS amplified TRAIL-caused viability reduction and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Mechanismly, DS upregulated the protein level of DR4 and DR5, and knockdown of DR5 attenuated the cotreatment-induced cleavage of PARP. Inhibition of JNK could block DS-induced upregulation of DR5. This study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms of DS inhibiting cell proliferation, triggering apoptosis, and enhancing TRAIL sensitivity of breast cancer cells.
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BACKGROUND: Malformations of cortical development (MCD) are a group of congenital disorders characterized by structural abnormalities in the brain cortex. The clinical manifestations include refractory epilepsy, mental retardation, and cognitive impairment. Genetic factors play a key role in the etiology of MCD. Currently, there is no curative treatment for MCD. Phenotypes such as epilepsy and cerebral palsy cannot be observed in the fetus. Therefore, the diagnosis of MCD is typically based on fetal brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, or genetic testing. The recent advances in neuroimaging have enabled the in-utero diagnosis of MCD using fetal ultrasound or MRI. METHODS: The present study retrospectively reviewed 32 cases of fetal MCD diagnosed by ultrasound or MRI. Then, the chromosome karyotype analysis, single nucleotide polymorphism array or copy number variation sequencing, and whole-exome sequencing (WES) findings were presented. RESULTS: Pathogenic copy number variants (CNVs) or single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) were detected in 22 fetuses (three pathogenic CNVs [9.4%, 3/32] and 19 SNVs [59.4%, 19/32]), corresponding to a total detection rate of 68.8% (22/32). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that genetic testing, especially WES, should be performed for fetal MCD, in order to evaluate the outcomes and prognosis, and predict the risk of recurrence in future pregnancies.
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Variaciones en el Número de Copia de ADN , Diagnóstico Prenatal , Embarazo , Femenino , Humanos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Diagnóstico Prenatal/métodos , Ultrasonografía Prenatal/métodos , Pruebas Genéticas/métodosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: This study assessed the performance of early contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (ECE-MR) in the detecting of complete tumor response (ypT0) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma following neoadjuvant therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Preoperative MR images of consecutive patients who underwent neoadjuvant therapy and surgical resection were reviewed retrospectively. The accuracy of ECE-MR and T2WI+DWI was evaluated by comparing the findings with pathological results. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to assess the diagnostic performance, and DeLong method was applied to compare the areas under the curves (AUC). Chi-squared analysis was conducted to explore the difference in pathological changes. RESULTS: A total of 198 patients (mean age 62.6 ± 7.8 years, 166 men) with 201 lesions were included. The AUC of ECE-MR was 0.85 (95% CI 0.79-0.90) for diagnosing ypT1-4, which was significantly higher than that of T2WI+DWI (AUC 0.69, 95% CI 0.63-0.76, p < 0.001). The diagnostic performance of both T2WI+DWI and ECE-MR improved with increasing tumor stage. The AUCs of ECE-MRI were higher in ypT1 and ypT2 tumors than T2WI+DWI. Degree 2-3 tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and neutrophils were commonly seen in ypT0 tumors misdiagnosed by ECE-MR. CONCLUSIONS: Visual evaluation of ECE-MR is a promising diagnostic protocol for the detection of complete tumor response, especially for differentiation with early stage tumors. The accurate diagnosis of complete tumor response after neoadjuvant therapy using imaging modalities is of important significance for clinical decision-making for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. It is hoped that early contrast-enhanced MR will provide supportive advice for the development of individualized treatment options for patients.
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Medios de Contraste , Neoplasias Esofágicas , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Terapia Neoadyuvante , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Esofágicas/patología , Neoplasias Esofágicas/terapia , Neoplasias Esofágicas/diagnóstico por imagen , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Estudios de Seguimiento , Esofagectomía , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Esófago/terapia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Esófago/patología , Pronóstico , Anciano , Curva ROCRESUMEN
Objective To analyze the correlations between platelet-related parameters and the incidence of anxiety and depression in the patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis(PD),and evaluate the efficacy of the parameters in the diagnosis of anxiety and depression in PD patients. Methods A total of 245 patients undergoing PD in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from September 2022 to February 2023 were enrolled.The generalized anxiety scale(GAD-7) and the patient health questionnaire(PHQ-9) were used to evaluate the anxiety and depression of the patients,respectively.The personal information and biochemical indicators of the patients were collected,and the platelet count(PLT),mean platelet volume(MPV),and platelet distribution width(PDW) were measured.Logistic regression was adopted to analyze the relationships of platelet-related parameters with anxiety and depression in PD patients. Results Among the 245 patients undergoing PD,the incidences of anxiety and depression were 15.9% and 38.0%,respectively.There were differences in the dialysis period(Z=-2.358,P=0.018;Z=-3.079,P=0.002),MPV(Z=-4.953,P<0.001;Z=-7.878,P<0.001),and PDW(Z=-4.587,P<0.001;Z=-7.367,P<0.001) between the anxiety group and the non-anxiety group as well as between the depression group and the non-depression group.The correlation analysis showed that MPV(r=0.358,P<0.001;r=0.489,P<0.001) and PDW(r=0.340,P<0.001;r=0.447,P<0.001) were positively correlated with anxiety and depression in the patients undergoing PD.The Logistic regression model showed that MPV(P=0.022,P=0.011),PDW(P=0.041,P=0.018),and dialysis period(P=0.011,P=0.030) were independent risk factors for the anxiety and depressive state in PD patients.The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of MPV in the diagnosis of anxiety and depression in PD patients were 0.750 and 0.800,respectively,and those of PDW were 0.732 and 0.780,respectively. Conclusion MPV and PDW have high efficacy in the diagnosis of anxiety and depression associated with PD and can be used as objective indicators to evaluate the anxiety and depression in the patients undergoing PD.
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Ansiedad , Diálisis Peritoneal , Humanos , Diálisis Peritoneal/efectos adversos , Hospitales , Modelos Logísticos , Curva ROCAsunto(s)
Ácido Glicirrínico , Fotoquimioterapia , Mancha Vino de Oporto , Humanos , Fotoquimioterapia/efectos adversos , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Mancha Vino de Oporto/tratamiento farmacológico , Vendajes , Femenino , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/efectos adversos , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/administración & dosificación , Piel/efectos de los fármacos , Piel/patología , Piel/efectos de la radiación , Ácido Aminolevulínico/efectos adversos , AdultoRESUMEN
Recent studies have shown that nucleophagy can mitigate DNA damage by selectively degrading nuclear components protruding from the nucleus. However, little is known about the role of nucleophagy in neurons after spinal cord injury (SCI). Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence were performed to evaluate the nucleophagy after nuclear DNA damage and leakage in SCI neurons in vivo and NSC34 expression in primary neurons cultured with oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in vitro, as well as the interaction and colocalization of autophagy protein LC3 with nuclear lamina protein Lamin B1. The effect of UBC9, a Small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) E2 ligase, on Lamin B1 SUMOylation and nucleophagy was examined by siRNA transfection or 2-D08 (a small-molecule inhibitor of UBC9), immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence. In SCI and OGD injured NSC34 or primary cultured neurons, neuronal nuclear DNA damage induced the SUMOylation of Lamin B1, which was required by the nuclear Lamina accumulation of UBC9. Furthermore, LC3/Atg8, an autophagy-related protein, directly bound to SUMOylated Lamin B1, and delivered Lamin B1 to the lysosome. Knockdown or suppression of UBC9 with siRNA or 2-D08 inhibited SUMOylation of Lamin B1 and subsequent nucleophagy and protected against neuronal death. Upon neuronal DNA damage and leakage after SCI, SUMOylation of Lamin B1 is induced by nuclear Lamina accumulation of UBC9. Furthermore, it promotes LC3-Lamin B1 interaction to trigger nucleophagy that protects against neuronal DNA damage.
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Autofagia , Daño del ADN , Lamina Tipo B , Neuronas , Traumatismos de la Médula Espinal , Sumoilación , Enzimas Ubiquitina-Conjugadoras , Animales , Ratones , Núcleo Celular/metabolismo , Lamina Tipo B/metabolismo , Lamina Tipo B/genética , Neuronas/metabolismo , Neuronas/patología , Traumatismos de la Médula Espinal/metabolismo , Traumatismos de la Médula Espinal/genética , Traumatismos de la Médula Espinal/patología , Enzimas Ubiquitina-Conjugadoras/metabolismo , Enzimas Ubiquitina-Conjugadoras/genética , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Línea Celular TumoralRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) on health-related quality of life (HRQOL), the relationship between disease activity and HRQOL, and potential factors affecting HRQOL in Chinese SLE patients. METHODS: This study recruited 1568 patients and 2610 controls to explore the effects of SLE on HRQOL. The association between disease activity and HRQOL, and the influencing factors of HRQOL were determined in 1568 patients. Then, we prospectively followed 1096 patients to explore the association between reduced disease activity and improved HRQOL, and the influencing factors of improved HRQOL. The Short-Form 36 (SF-36) and SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) were used to evaluate HRQOL and disease activity. RESULTS: Chinese SLE patients had lower HRQOL than controls in all domains (P < 0.001), especially in role-physical (RP) and role-emotional (RE). Compared with SLE patients from outside China, the HRQOL of Chinese patients appeared to be higher in mental component summary (MCS) but lower in RP and RE. SLEDAI was negatively correlated with HRQOL, which was validated using the results of a follow-up study, where SLEDAI reduction was positively associated with HRQOL improvements (P < 0.05). Furthermore, personality, life nervous and experiences of adverse life events may influence HRQOL and HRQOL improvements. CONCLUSION: SLE significantly affected the HRQOL of Chinese patients, especially in RP and RE. Disease activity was negatively correlated with HRQOL. We also found for the first time some factors affecting HRQOL, which can be regarded as the basis for improving the HRQOL of SLE patients.
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Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico , Calidad de Vida , Humanos , Calidad de Vida/psicología , Estudios de Seguimiento , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/psicología , ChinaRESUMEN
Ectropis grisescens Warren is one of the most important pests of tea plants. In this study, data on the development, survival, and fecundity of E. grisescens were collected at 15, 22, and 32 °C and analyzed by using the age-stage, two-sex life table. At 15 °C, the duration of the preadult period of E. grisescens was significantly prolonged (81.06 days), with high mortality (69.0%), and the proportion of emerged female adults was extremely low (7.0%). At 32 °C, the preadult period was significantly shortened (29.12 days), with high preadult mortality (74.0%), and a low proportion of emerged female adults (15.0%). At 22 °C, with low preadult mortality (24.0%), and a high proportion of emerged female adults (26.0%). The overall effects of the shorter preadult duration, higher preadult survival rate, higher proportion of emerged female adults, higher fecundity (Fâ =â 350.88 eggs/â), and higher net reproductive rate (R0â =â 91.23 offspring/individual) at 22 °C resulted in the highest values of the intrinsic rate of increase (râ =â 0.1054 days-1) and finite rate of increase (λâ =â 1.1112 days-1). Computer simulation showed that E. grisescens populations can increase much faster at 22 °C than at 15 and 32 °C. The weighted population size and cumulative weighted insect-days provided the dynamics necessary for estimating the damage potential of E. grisescens in devising economical pest management programs. Our results demonstrate that populations of E. grisescens were able to develop at a broad range of temperatures and adapt to the high temperatures. These finding can be utilized to improve the management of E. grisescens.
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Camellia sinensis , Mariposas Nocturnas , Animales , Simulación por Computador , Reproducción , Tablas de VidaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Flower color plays a crucial role in attracting pollinators and facilitating environmental adaptation. Investigating the causes of flower color polymorphism and understanding their potential effects on both ecology and genetics can enhance our understanding of flower color polymorphism in wild plant. RESULTS: In this study, we examined the differences of potential male and female fitness between purple- and yellow- flower individuals in Iris potaninii on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and screened key genes and positively selective genes involved in flower color change. Our results showed that yellow flower exhibited a higher pollen-to-ovule ratio. Yellow flowers were derived from purple flowers due to the loss of anthocyanins, and F3H could be an essential gene affecting flower color variation though expression regulation and sequence polymorphism in this species. Furthermore, our findings suggest that genes positively selected in yellow-flowered I. potaninii might be involved in nucleotide excision repair and plant-pathogen interactions. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that F3H induces the flower color variation of Iris potaninii, and the subsequent ecological and additive positive selection on yellow flowers may further enhance plant adaptations to alpine environments.
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Género Iris , Humanos , Género Iris/genética , Género Iris/metabolismo , Antocianinas/genética , Antocianinas/metabolismo , Tibet , Polimorfismo Genético , Flores/genética , Flores/metabolismo , Color , Pigmentación/genéticaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To estimate the level of anhedonia among adolescents and explore the association between anhedonia and childhood trauma (CT). DESIGN: A stratified random cluster sample of adolescents participated in a survey, which included three questionnaires: Snaith-Pamilton Pleasure Scale, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and Patient Health Questionnaire-9. SETTING: The study was conducted in 60 classes in 10 primary, middle and high schools in five economically developed cities along the Southeast Coast of China from April to October 2022. PARTICIPANTS: One thousand seven hundred and forty-five adolescents with ages ranging from 9 to 18 years participated in the study. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES: The primary outcome was the level of anhedonia, CT and depression among adolescents. The association between anhedonia and CT was determined. RESULTS: The mean scores of anhedonia, CT and depression were 24.88 (6.18), 36.75 (8.87) and 4.46 (5.36), respectively. Anhedonia scores of boys (24.24±6.12) and girls (25.62±6.16) were different (t=-4.69, p<0.01). After controlling for sex, age, the presence of siblings and depression, CT was associated with adolescent anhedonia. Emotional abuse (ß=0.14), emotional neglect (ß=0.15) and physical neglect (ß=0.10) positively predicted adolescent anhedonia (p<0.01), whereas physical abuse negatively predicted adolescent anhedonia (ß=-0.07, p<0.01). Sex had a moderating effect on the relationship between adolescent anhedonia and emotional neglect during childhood, and the negative effect of emotional neglect on adolescent anhedonia in girls was greater than in boys. CONCLUSIONS: CT, including emotional abuse, physical abuse, emotional neglect, and physical neglect, was an independent predictor of adolescents' ability to experience pleasure in daily life. Therefore, awareness of CT should be promoted. Emotional neglect had a more severe effect on anhedonia among girls than among boys, suggesting that emotional neglect should be paid much attention among girls.
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Experiencias Adversas de la Infancia , Anhedonia , Maltrato a los Niños , Pueblos del Este de Asia , Adolescente , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudios Transversales , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , ChinaRESUMEN
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent psychiatric condition that results in persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest, imposing a significant economic burden on health systems and society. Impaired sleep is both a symptom and a risk factor for depression. Natural astaxanthin (AST), a carotenoid primarily derived from algae and aquatic animals, possesses multiple pharmacological properties such as anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and antioxidant stress effects. Prior research suggests that AST may have antidepressant properties. This mini-review highlights the potential mechanisms by which AST can prevent depression, providing novel insights into drug research for depression treatment. Specifically, this mechanism suggests that astaxanthin may improve sleep and thus potentially aid in the treatment of depression.
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6-methoxydihydrosanguinarine (6-MS), a natural benzophenanthridine alkaloid extracted from Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br, has shown to trigger apoptotic cell death in cancer cells. However, the exact mechanisms involved have not yet been clarified. The current study reveals the underlying mechanisms of 6-MS-induced cytotoxicity in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and investigates whether 6-MS sensitizes TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis. 6-MS was shown to suppress cell proliferation and trigger cell cycle arrest, DNA damage, and apoptosis in HCC cells. Mechanisms analysis indicated that 6-MS promoted reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, JNK activation, and inhibits EGFR/Akt signaling pathway. DNA damage and apoptosis induced by 6-MS were reversed following N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) treatment. The enhancement of PARP cleavage caused by 6-MS was abrogated by pretreatment with JNK inhibitor SP600125. Furthermore, 6-MS enhanced TRAIL-mediated HCC cells apoptosis by upregulating the cell surface receptor DR5 expression. Pretreatment with NAC attenuated 6-MS-upregulated DR5 protein expression and alleviated cotreatment-induced viability reduction, cleavage of caspase-8, caspase-9, and PARP. Overall, our results suggest that 6-MS exerts cytotoxicity by modulating ROS generation, EGFR/Akt signaling, and JNK activation in HCC cells. 6-MS potentiates TRAIL-induced apoptosis through upregulation of DR5 via ROS generation. The combination of 6-MS with TRAIL may be a promising strategy and warrants further investigation.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Humanos , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patología , Benzofenantridinas/farmacología , Benzofenantridinas/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patología , Regulación hacia Arriba , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/metabolismo , Ligando Inductor de Apoptosis Relacionado con TNF/farmacología , Ligando Inductor de Apoptosis Relacionado con TNF/metabolismo , Inhibidores de Poli(ADP-Ribosa) Polimerasas/farmacología , Receptores del Ligando Inductor de Apoptosis Relacionado con TNF/metabolismo , Apoptosis , Receptores ErbB/genéticaRESUMEN
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a role in sepsis-related autophagy. However, the role of circRNAs in autophagy after sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SICM) is unknown, so we explored the circRNA expression profiles associated with autophagy in an acute sepsis mouse model. At a dose of 10 mg/kg, mice were intraperitoneally administered with lipopolysaccharides. The myocardial tissue was harvested after 6 h for microarray analysis, qRT-PCR, and western blotting. Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis were evaluated, and a competing endogenous RNA network was constructed, to evaluate the role of circRNAs related to autophagy in SICM. In total, 1,735 differently expressed circRNAs were identified in the LPS-treated group, including 990 upregulated and 745 downregulated circRNAs. The expression level of the autophagy-specific protein p62 decreased, while the ratio of LC3 II to LC3 I increased. Additionally, 309 mRNAs and 187 circRNAs were correlated with autophagy in myocardial tissue after SICM. Of these, 179 circRNAs were predicted to function as "miRNA sponges". Some distinctive circRNAs and mRNAs found by ceRNA analysis might be involved in autophagy in SICM. These findings provide insights into circRNAs and identified new research targets that may be used to further explore the pathogenesis of SICM.