Epidemiologic characteristics and pathogen surveillance of hand, foot and mouth disease in Hebei province from 2008 to 2017 / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To analyze the epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in Hebei Province from 2008 to 2017, so as to provide scientific evidence for prevention and control of HFMD. Methods The epidemic data and laboratory detection data of HFMD from 2008 to 2017 were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. Results From 2008 to 2017,a total of 690 368 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease, including 4 939 severe cases and 208 deaths were reported in Hebei Province, with an average annual incidence of 95.53/100 000. The largest number of reported light cases were 2009, while severe cases and deaths were in 2010. The number of reported cases increased every other year but decreased in general. In 2008, 2009 and 2012, the main peak of the onset of spring and summer was formed from April to June. In 2010, 2011 and 2013-2017, the main peak of the onset of spring and summer was from May to July. Main peak value in spring and summer showed a backward delayed trend. The sex ratio between men and women was 1.59:1.The majority of deaths case were scattered children and preschool case. Other enteroviruses, human enterovirus 71,(EV-A71) and coxasckievirus A16,(CV-A16) alternately became the main pathogens of common cases. The pathogenic composition of different cases was different and the difference was statistically significant ( 2=2274.17, P<0.001). Conclusion The number of reported deaths and severe cases has decreased significantly. It is necessary to adjust the focus of prevention and control, pay more attention to the mild cases of FHMD, and further strengthen the monitoring of other enteroviruses pathogenic spectrum.

The synthesis, structural study and anticancer activity evaluation of emodin derivatives containing conjugative groups.

Eight new emodin derivatives that contain large conjugative system have been synthesized and their anticancer activities also have been evaluated. The result shows that large conjugative system can not enhance the anticancer activities of emodin derivatives, but the introduction of an alkylating center can make emodin derivative effective against cancer cell lines. Compound 12 has the highest alkylating ability, but its anticancer activity is not remarkable, which indicates that there is not a direct correlation between the chemical reactivity of the alkylating agent and the toxic effects.