RESUMEN
The National Institutes of Health 1994 guidelines require inclusion of minorities in research. People seeking grants need to be aware of techniques for recruitment of minority populations. The Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center addresses difficult recruitment issues that arise from a skeptical minority population. The approach uses home visits to circumvent many of the barriers to recruitment and retention of participants in research studies.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Alzheimer , Recolección de Datos/métodos , Visita Domiciliaria , Experimentación Humana , Grupos Minoritarios , Selección de Paciente , Población Urbana , Anciano , Barreras de Comunicación , Diversidad Cultural , Recolección de Datos/normas , Guías como Asunto , Humanos , National Institutes of Health (U.S.) , Pacientes Desistentes del Tratamiento/estadística & datos numéricos , Proyectos de Investigación/normas , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
HIV-infected subjects at various stages of illness but without opportunistic cerebral disease were evaluated using a comprehensive, cognitively-based neuropsychological protocol and measures of levels of depression and anxiety. The data indicated a prominent attentional disorder among impaired subjects; however, language, visual-spatial and memory functioning were not deficient. There was also evidence suggesting executive function deficit. Depression contributed a small additional component in differentiating the groups. These findings help to specify the nature of the cognitive disturbance associated with HIV encephalopathy and are consistent with the pathological effects of primary infection of the brain by HIV. In addition, they provide a specific basis for ameliorative treatment with psychostimulant medication.
Asunto(s)
Complejo SIDA Demencia/psicología , Complejo Relacionado con el SIDA/psicología , Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida/psicología , Trastornos del Conocimiento/psicología , Infecciones por VIH/psicología , Complejo SIDA Demencia/complicaciones , Complejo Relacionado con el SIDA/complicaciones , Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida/complicaciones , Adulto , Ansiedad/complicaciones , Ansiedad/psicología , Trastornos del Conocimiento/complicaciones , Estudios Transversales , Depresión/complicaciones , Depresión/psicología , Infecciones por VIH/complicaciones , HumanosRESUMEN
The encephalopathy associated with direct nervous system infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been recognized as one of the major debilitating aspects of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and of pre-AIDS conditions. A comprehensive neuropsychological examination of symptomatic HIV-infected subjects without opportunistic cerebral disease demonstrated a distinctive pattern of cognitive deficits marked by prominent attentional impairment. Evidence of organizational and reasoning impairments also was observed, but language, visual-spatial, and memory consolidation abilities were relatively preserved. The findings suggest a profile of impairment similar to other cognitive syndromes involving dysfunction of predominantly anterior brain structures and projections and suggest a rationale for psychostimulant drug treatment.
