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Anoectochilus roxburghii polysaccharides exhibit notable hepatoprotective effects, but the underlying substance basis and mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, four new polysaccharides named ARP-1a, ARP-1b, ARP-2a and ARP-2b, were isolated from A. roxburghii. Their structural characteristics were systematically analyzed using HPGPC, HPLC, GC-MS, IR and NMR analysis. ARP-1a, the leading polysaccharide isolated from A. roxburghii, was further evaluated for its hepatoprotective effects on acute liver injury mice induced by CCl4. ARP-1a significantly reduced the serum ALT, AST, TNF-α, IL-1ß and IL-6 levels, liver MDA content, and increased the SOD and CAT activities and GSH level in liver. H&E staining revealed that ARP-1a pretreatment could markedly relieve liver injury. Further mechanism exploration indicated that ARP-1a could relieve CCl4-induced oxidative damage through activating the Nrf2 signaling. In addition, metabolomics, lipidomics and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing were used to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of ARP-1a. Multi-omics analysis indicated that ARP-1a exerted hepatoprotective effect against CCl4-induced acute liver injury by regulating lipid metabolism and modulating the gut microbiota. In conclusion, the above results suggest that ARP-1a can be considered a promising and safe candidate for hepatoprotective drug, as well as a potential prebiotic for maintaining intestinal homeostasis and promoting human intestinal health.
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MYBs constitute the second largest transcription factor (TF) superfamily in flowering plants with substantial structural and functional diversity, which have been brought into focus because they affect flower colors by regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis. Up to now, the genomic data of several Chrysanthemum species have been released, which provides us with abundant genomic resources for revealing the evolution of the MYB gene family in Chrysanthemum species. In the present study, comparative analyses of the MYB gene family in six representative species, including C. lavandulifolium, C. seticuspe, C. ×morifolium, Helianthus annuus, Lactuca sativa, and Arabidopsis thaliana, were performed. A total of 1104 MYBs, which were classified into four subfamilies and 35 lineages, were identified in the three Chrysanthemum species (C. lavandulifolium, C. seticuspe, and C. ×morifolium). We found that whole-genome duplication and tandem duplication are the main duplication mechanisms that drove the occurrence of duplicates in CmMYBs (particularly in the R2R3-MYB subfamily) during the evolution of the cultivated chrysanthemums. Sequence structure and selective pressure analyses of the MYB gene family revealed that some of R2R3-MYBs were subjected to positive selection, which are mostly located on the distal telomere segments of the chromosomes and contain motifs 7 and 8. In addition, the gene expression analysis of CmMYBs in different organs and at various capitulum developmental stages of C. ×morifolium indicated that CmMYBS2, CmMYB96, and CmMYB109 might be the negative regulators for anthocyanin biosynthesis. Our results provide the phylogenetic context for research on the genetic and functional evolution of the MYB gene family in Chrysanthemum species and deepen our understanding of the regulatory mechanism of MYB TFs on the flower color of C. ×morifolium.
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Background: Neural Precursor Cell Expressed Developmentally Down-Regulated Protein 1 (NEDD1) serves as a crucial factor in promoting cellular mitosis by directly facilitating wheel assembly and daughter centriole biogenesis at the lateral site of parent centrioles, ultimately driving centrosome replication. The amplification of centrosomes and the abnormal expression of centrosome-associated proteins contribute to the invasion and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer cells. However, the specific mechanism by which NEDD1 contributes to the progression of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unexplored. Therefore, the objective of this study is to uncover the role played by NEDD1 in LUAD. Methods: To verify the expression of NEDD1 in pan-carcinoma. The feasibility of NEDD1 as a prognostic marker for LUAD in TCGA and GEO databases was verified. Subsequently, Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to screen the prognostic factors of LUAD, so as to analyze the correlation between prognostic factors and NEDD1 expression. For another, NEDD1-related genes were screened for pathway enrichment analysis to verify their possible functions. In addition, the expression of NEDD1 in LUAD was verified by qPCR and IHC, then siRNA was used to construct NEDD1-knocked lung cancer cells for subsequent cytobehavioral experiments. Finally, the distribution of NEDD1 in single-cell samples was revealed, and then the correlation between its overexpression and LUAD immune escape and drug resistance was analyzed. Results: LUAD exhibits upregulation of NEDD1, which in turn promotes the proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of lung cancer cells, thereby contributing to a poor prognosis. Furthermore, the overexpression of NEDD1 is closely associated with immune escape and drug resistance in LUAD. Conclusion: NEDD1 serves as a reliable prognostic marker for LUAD, and its upregulation is associated with increased immune escape and drug resistance. Given these findings, NEDD1 holds potential as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of LUAD.
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Introduction: China has issued and implemented a series of policies aimed at preventing and controlling workplace violence (WPV) against licensed doctors. However, the prevalence of WPV has not been fundamentally curbed. The aim of this study was to present the prevalence of WPV, identify its influencing factors and propose responsive measures. Method: The online Chinese Physician Practice Survey was conducted with purposive sampling method among licensed doctors in China from January 2022 to June 2022. Data covered licensed doctors' sociodemographic characteristics, occupational characteristics, prevalence of WPV, and perception of effective countermeasures. Results: A total of 74,305 licensed doctors participated in this study. A total of 44.88% of respondents had experienced WPV, among them, either physical violence only (1.06%) or non-physical violence only (89.91%) or encountered both of them (9.03%). Age, gender, marital status, education level, professional title and registration type were all associated with WPV, being younger, non-married, more educated, and higher professional title are all risk factors for WPV. Male (OR = 1.396, 95CI%: 1.355 to 1.439), clinicians (OR = 1.342,95%CI: 1.177 to 1.529), who were single (OR = 1.174, 95%CI: 1.111 to 1.241), with master's degree (OR = 2.021, 95%CI: 1.739 to 2.349) and professional title were subsenior (OR = 1.194, 95%CI: 1.125 to 1.267) were most likely to occur WPV. WPV occurred mostly in provincial capitals, public hospitals, primary and community hospitals, and departments of internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, emergency medicine and mental health. Overall, 44.24% of doctors perceived that strengthening crackdowns on criminal behaviors was the most effective measure to prevent WPV against healthcare staff. Conclusion: The frequency of WPV decreased after the implementation of relevant laws and policies. Future efforts should be made to strengthen crackdowns on illegal and criminal activities and to issue specific legal provisions on the prevention and control of WPV against doctors.
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Médicos , Violencia Laboral , Humanos , Masculino , Niño , Estudios Transversales , Abuso Físico , China/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Anoectochilus elatus Lindl. was traditionally used for pain treatment and Gooderoside A (GA) was regarded as its principal constituent. AIM OF THE STUDY: To investigate whether GA can be responsible for the antinociceptive activity of A. elatus and explore its underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing and tail flick tests were employed to evaluate the antinociceptive activity of ethanolic extract of A. elatus (EEA) and GA. Formalin test was used to ascertain the antinociceptive pattern of GA. Entobarbital sodium induced sleep test was adopted to exclude its hypnotic effect, while open-field test was performed to rule out its motor impairment effect. Chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain in rats was developed to evaluate its efficacy on neuropathic pain, and BV-2 cells were used to explore the underlying mechanism. RESULTS: EEA and GA, significantly inhibited chemical and thermal nociception. GA suppressed nociception in formalin test in both phase I and II, whereas methylene blue and L-NAME partially reversed its efficacy. GA located inner and slightly blocked sodium channel current, and did not show any hypnotic effect or motor impairment effect. Crucially, GA markedly attenuated chronic neuropathic pain in rats, inhibited the phosphorylation of IRAK4, IRAK1 and TAK1, and suppressed MAPKs pathway in BV-2 cells. CONCLUSION: GA relieved acute and chronic pains in vivo. The mechanism of action involves the blocking of NO/cGMP and IRAK4/IRAK1/TAK1 pathways. These results suggested GA may be a promising candidate for antinociceptive drug development.
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Dolor Crónico , Neuralgia , Ratas , Animales , Dolor Crónico/tratamiento farmacológico , Analgésicos/farmacología , Analgésicos/uso terapéutico , Quinasas Asociadas a Receptores de Interleucina-1 , Neuralgia/tratamiento farmacológico , GMP Cíclico , Transducción de Señal , Hipnóticos y SedantesRESUMEN
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in tumor generation and progression. However, the exact functional significance and underlying molecular mechanism by which lncRNA CERS6-AS1 operates in the context of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remain unknown. We aimed to evaluate the potential role of the CERS6-AS1/miR-424-5p/ANLN axis in the progression of LUAD through bioinformatics and cytobehavioral experiments, and to provide a new insight into the combined treatment of LUAD. Based on the TCGA database, the expression of CERS6-AS1 in pan-cancer was evaluated, and its prognostic performance in LUAD was evaluated by ROC curve, survival curve and COX analysis. In addition, quantification of CERS6-AS1 expression levels in LUAD patients and lung cancer cells using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and further validate the functional significance of CERS6-AS1 in promoting the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of lung cancer cells. The competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was constructed, and miR-424-5p inhibitors were applied to CERS6-AS1 knockdown cells. The potential downstream genes associated with the regulatory axis of CERS6-AS1/miR-424-5p were analyzed by PPI network and gene enrichment analysis (KEGG). Finally, we evaluated the prognostic value of high expression of ANLN in LUAD and its effects on immune cell infiltration, tumor mutation burden, chemotherapy response, and immunotherapy. CERS6-AS1 expression was significantly elevated in both LUAD patients and lung cancer cells. In the CERS6-AS1 knockdown assay, the proliferation, invasion, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of cancer cells were significantly inhibited. Notably, there was a prominent upregulation of miR-424-5p expression in cells where CERS6-AS1 was knocked down. Co-transfection of siRNA and miR-424-5p inhibitors into lung cancer cells restored the restriction on lung cancer cells. Anillin (ANLN) has been identified as a potential target gene for miR-424-5p and as a prognostic and immune biomarker associated with immune cell infiltration and tumor mutational burden in LUAD. Additionally, ANLN impacts the efficacy of chemotherapy and immunotherapy in LUAD patients. This study reveals a novel regulatory mechanism in which CERS6-AS1 may contribute to the progression of LUAD by influencing the expression of ANLN as a competitive sponge for miR-424-5p.
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A new species of Anoectochilus (Orchidaceae) from Guangxi, China, A.zhongshanensis, is described here, which was identified based on phylogenetic studies adopting combined plastid markers (rbcL-matK-trnL-F), morphological observation and chemical analysis. Molecular phylogenetic results support the systematic status of A.zhongshanensis as a new species in Anoectochilus genus. Morphologically, this new species is similar to A.zhejiangensis and A.malipoensis, but differs by its characteristic labellum and column, including the hastate or scalpel-shaped lobes of epichile, forward curved and pinnately divided cristate lobes at both sides of the mesochile and inverted triangle column wings. Furthermore, HPLC-ELSD analysis of these three species revealed the interesting chemotaxonomic difference that the principle and characteristic lactone glycoside in this new species was kinsenoside, rather than its diastereoisomer, goodyeroside A, a major glycoside in A.zhejiangensis and A.malipoensis.
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BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is the second most common cancer worldwide, with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for the majority of cases. Patients with NSCLC have achieved great survival benefits from immunotherapies targeting immune checkpoints. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are frequently used for palliation of cancer-associated symptoms, as supportive care for non-cancer-associated symptoms, and for management of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). The aim of this study was to clarify the safety and prognostic significance of glucocorticoid use in advanced patients with NSCLC treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). METHODS: The study searched publications from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China Biology Medicine disc, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, and Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database up to March 1st, 2022, and conducted a meta-analysis to assess the effects of glucocorticoid use on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in NSCLC patients treated with ICIs through the available data. The study calculated the pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: This study included data from 25 literatures that were mainly retrospective, with 8713 patients included. Patients taking GCs had a higher risk for tumor progression and death compared with those not taking GCs (PFS: HR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.33-1.86, Pâ<0.001; OS: HR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.41-1.88, Pâ<0.001). GCs used for cancer-associated symptoms caused an obviously negative effect on both PFS and OS (PFS: HR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.32-2.29, Pâ<0.001; OS: HR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.52-2.04, Pâ<0.001). However, GCs used for irAEs management did not negatively affect prognosis (PFS: HR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.46-1.00, P = 0.050; OS: HR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.34-0.83, Pâ=â0.005), and GCs used for non-cancer-associated indications had no effect on prognosis (PFS: HR = 0.92, 95%CI: 0.63-1.32, P = 0.640; OS: HR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.59-1.41, P = 0.680). CONCLUSIONS: In advanced NSCLC patients treated with ICIs, the use of GCs for palliation of cancer-associated symptoms may result in a worse PFS and OS, indicating that they increase the risk of tumor progression and death. But, in NSCLC patients treated with ICIs, the use of GCs for the management of irAEs may be safe, and the use of GCs for the treatment of non-cancer-associated symptoms may not affect the ICIs' survival benefits. Therefore, it is necessary to be careful and evaluate indications rationally before administering GCs in individualized clinical management.
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Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Humanos , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/tratamiento farmacológico , Glucocorticoides/uso terapéutico , Inhibidores de Puntos de Control Inmunológico/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Landslide deposits often exhibit surface features, such as transverse ridges and X-shaped conjugate troughs, whose physical formation origins are not well understood. To study the deposit morphology, laboratory studies typically focus on the simplest landslide geometry: an inclined plane accelerating the sliding mass immediately followed by its deceleration on a horizontal plane. However, existing experiments have been conducted only for a limited range of the slope angle θ. Here, we study the effect of θ on the kinematics and deposit morphology of laboratory landslides along a low-friction base, measured using an advanced 3D scanner. At low θ (30°-35°), we find transverse ridges formed by overthrusting on the landslide deposits. At moderate θ (40°-55°), conjugate troughs form. A Mohr-Coulomb failure model predicts the angle enclosed by the X-shaped troughs as 90° - φ, with φ the internal friction angle, in agreement with our experiments and a natural landslide. This supports the speculation that conjugate troughs form due to failure associated with a triaxial shear stress. At high θ (60°-85°), a double-upheaval morphology forms because the rear of the sliding mass impacts the front during the transition from the slope to the horizontal plane. The overall surface area of the landslides increases during their downslope motion and then decreases during their runout.
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Anoectochilus elatus is a new record species from Yunnan province in China discovered by our group in 2018, used in folk as the most popular Anoectochilus species A. roxburghii for medicinal and culinary purposes. The crude polysaccharide of Anoectochilus elatus (AEP) exhibited significant antinociceptive effects against both chemical and thermal nociception in vivo. Bio-guided isolation identified GJXL-1 as the leading analgesic polysaccharide in AEP. Detailed structural analyses rationalized GJXL-1 (molecular weight: 10.3 kDa) as an α-D-1,4-linked glucan unexpectedly branched at O-3, and O-6 position. GJXL-1 dose-dependently suppressed acetic acid-induced writhing in mice and decreased the serum levels of NO, IL-6 and TNF-α, which also repressed the licking times in both the first and second phases in formalin test. Furthermore, only L-nitroarginine partly reversed the analgesic activity of GJXL-1, indicating that GJXL-1's efficacy was partially mediated by NO regulation, possibly through inhibiting IRAK4/TAK1/NF-κB signaling pathway, and modulating gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids production. In addition, the motor impairment and hypnotic effects of GJXL-1 were excluded. Our study suggests that GJXL-1 can be regarded as a promising and safe drug candidate for diverse pain disorders, and also a promising prebiotic candidate to maintain intestinal homeostasis and promote human gut health.
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Analgésicos , Polisacáridos , Ratones , Humanos , Animales , China , Polisacáridos/química , Analgésicos/farmacología , Glucanos , Ácido Acético , Extractos Vegetales/químicaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is a high incidence cancer on a worldwide basis and has become a major public health problem. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) makes up approximately half of all lung cancers and is a threat to human health. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is an important regulator of the development and progression of lung adenocarcinoma. In this manuscript we examined the role and potential mechanism of lncRNA PCAT6 in the development of LUAD. METHODS AND RESULTS: Differences in lncRNA PCAT6 levels between LUAD samples and normal samples were first explored in the GEPIA database. We found that lncRNA PCAT6 expression was elevated, which was also validated in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and cell lines. Using western blotting, CCK-8, EdU, wound healing and transwell assays, we found that knockdown of lncRNA PCAT6 inhibited EMT, proliferation, migration, and invasion of LUAD cells. We noted a predicted a binding site for lncRNA PCAT6 and miR-545-3p through conducting bioinformatic analyses, and their binding was subsequently verified by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Rescue experiments confirmed that miR-545-3p inhibitor partially abolished the inhibition function of lncRNA PCAT6 knockdown on LUAD cells. In addition, we predicted the downstream target genes of miR-545-3p and verified them by RT-qPCR. We found that EGFR was reduced in the silence of lncRNA PCAT6 and upregulated after miR-545-3p inhibition. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that lncRNA PCAT6 promotes a more aggressive LUAD phenotype by sponging miR-545-3p. This finding may provide new ideas for the treatment of lung cancer.
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Adenocarcinoma , Neoplasias Pulmonares , MicroARNs , ARN Largo no Codificante , Humanos , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismo , ARN Largo no Codificante/genética , ARN Largo no Codificante/metabolismo , Transición Epitelial-Mesenquimal/genética , Proliferación Celular/genética , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica/genética , Movimiento Celular/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral , Adenocarcinoma/genética , Adenocarcinoma/patología , Pulmón/metabolismoRESUMEN
The development of highly automated vehicles can meet elderly drivers' mobility needs; however, worse driving performance after a takeover request (TOR) is frequently found, especially regarding non-driving related tasks (NDRTs). This study aims to detect the correlation between takeover performance and underlying cognitive factors comprising a set of higher order cognitive processes including executive functions. Thirty-five young and 35 elderly participants were tested by computerized cognitive tasks and simulated driving tasks to evaluate their executive functions and takeover performance. Performance of n-back tasks, Simon tasks, and task switching were used to evaluate updating, inhibition, and shifting components of executive functions by principal component analysis. The performance of lane changing after TOR was measured using the standard deviation of the steering wheel angle and minimum time-to-collision (TTC). Differences between age groups and NDRT engagement were assessed by two-way mixed analysis of variance. Older participants had significantly lower executive function ability and were less stable and more conservative when engaged in NDRT. Furthermore, a significant correlation between executive function and lateral driving stability was found. These findings highlight the interaction between age-related differences in executive functions and takeover performance; thus, provide implications for designing driver screening tests or human-machine interfaces.
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Función Ejecutiva , Inhibición Psicológica , Anciano , Automatización , Humanos , Análisis de Componente Principal , Tiempo de Reacción/fisiologíaRESUMEN
The current paper investigates how long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) FAM83A antisense RNA 1 (lncRNA FAM83A-AS1) affected the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT), growth, invasion and migration of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) via targeting miRNA-141-3p. The GEPIA and ENCORI databases were used to analyze differences in lncRNA FAM83A-AS1 levels within LUAD samples. FAM83A-AS1 and miR-141-3p levels were assessed using qRT-PCR among 30 LUAD samples and surrounding normal tissues. In addition, we analyzed how FAM83A-AS1 affected proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT processes of LUAD cells by targeting miR-141-3p through EdU, CCK-8 assay, scratch assay, transwell migration and invasion assay, immunofluorescence (IF) staining and WB assay. MicroRNAs targeting FAM83A-AS1 were screened using AnnoLnc2 and identified by RT-qPCR. Dual-luciferase assays were utilized to evaluate the connection between FAM83A-AS1 and miR-141-3p. FAM83A-AS1 expression was remarkably raised in lung cancer cells and tissue samples; however, miR-141-3p level markedly reduced relative to healthy samples. FAM83A-AS1 silencing suppressed EMT, growth, invasion and migration of LUAD cells. MiR-141-3p was the possible FAM83A-AS1 binding target negatively associated with FAM83A-AS1. The miR-141-3p inhibitor partly abolished the FAM83A-AS1 knockdown-induced inhibition on EMT, cell growth, invasion and migration in LUAD cells. In addition, miR-141-3p down-regulation abolished the inhibition of E-box-bound zinc finger protein 1 and 2 protein production following FAM83A-AS1 knockdown. According to our results, FAM83A-AS1/miR-141-3p axis plays an important role in LUAD occurrence and development. FAM83A-AS1 sponged miR-141-3p to down-regulate the level of the latter within LUAD and thereby encouraging LUAD development and suggesting a possible novel therapeutic approach for LUAD.
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Adenocarcinoma , MicroARNs , ARN sin Sentido , ARN Largo no Codificante , Células A549 , Adenocarcinoma/genética , Línea Celular Tumoral , Movimiento Celular/genética , Proliferación Celular/genética , Transición Epitelial-Mesenquimal/genética , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica/genética , Humanos , Pulmón/metabolismo , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , ARN sin Sentido/genética , ARN Largo no Codificante/genética , ARN Largo no Codificante/metabolismoRESUMEN
Two new polysaccharides, AZP-1a and AZP-1d, with molecular weights of 3.41 × 104 and 4568 Da, respectively, were extracted from Anoectochilus zhejiangensis and purified by column chromatography. Their structural characteristics were systematically explored and results indicated AZP-1a and AZP-1d shared a similar backbone consisted ofâ4)-Galp-(1â, â4)-Glcp-(1â, and â4,6)-Glcp-(1â, with a different terminal residue of Manp-(1 â and Glcp-(1â, respectively. In vivo experiments showed that the crude polysaccharide of A. zhejiangensis (AZP) exhibited significant hepatoprotective effects, decreasing the serum levels of ALT, AST and LDH in CCl4-treated mice, reducing MDA content, promoting SOD and CAT activities, and increasing GSH level in liver. Further in vitro investigation exhibited that AZP, AZP-1a and AZP-1d effectively protected liver cells against CCl4-stimulated oxidative damage, while AZP-1a and AZP-1d functioned mainly through the activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway. Our results suggest that A. zhejiangensis polysaccharides can be applied as a potential resource for the development of hepatoprotective drugs.
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PolisacáridosRESUMEN
Heavy metal contamination in soil is an important factor affecting the determination of safe redevelopment methods for industrial and mining land. In this paper, the soil environment of a typical mining city in northern China was taken as the research object, 148 surface soil samples were collected and the contents of heavy metals were measured. The health risk classification criteria for heavy metal contamination of soils and the method of priority assessment for redevelopment were used. The results showed that: the risk of potential utilization types of heavy metals in the abandoned industrial and mining land is different. When the utilization type is agricultural land, the soil environmental quality is good as a whole, and a small number of plots are polluted by cadmium (Cd)and mercury (Hg); When the land use type is construction land, the risk of heavy metal pollution comes from chromium (Cr); The priority of development in this study area is as follows: agricultural land > construction land > ecological land.
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Contaminación Ambiental , Metales Pesados , Minería , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Contaminantes del SueloRESUMEN
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) plays a very important role in a wide range of biological responses, such as metabolism, inflammation and cell apoptosis. Changes in the levels of SIRT1 have been detected in the brain after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Further, SIRT1 has shown a neuroprotective effect in some models of neuronal death; however, its role and working mechanisms are not well understood in the model of TBI. This study aimed to address this issue. SIRT1-specific inhibitor (sirtinol) and activator (A3) were introduced to explore the role of SIRT1 in cell apoptosis. Results of the study suggest that SIRT1 plays an important role in neuronal apoptosis after TBI by inhibiting NF-κB, IL-6 and TNF-α deacetylation and the apoptotic pathway sequentially, possibly by alleviating neuroinflammation.
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Apoptosis , Benzamidas/administración & dosificación , Lesiones Traumáticas del Encéfalo/complicaciones , Inflamación/prevención & control , Naftoles/administración & dosificación , Neuronas/inmunología , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/administración & dosificación , Sirtuina 1/metabolismo , Animales , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Inflamación/etiología , Inflamación/metabolismo , Inflamación/patología , Masculino , Neuronas/metabolismo , Neuronas/patología , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Sirtuina 1/antagonistas & inhibidores , Sirtuina 1/genéticaRESUMEN
Habitat quality is an important indicator for evaluating the biodiversity provided by ecosystem. Estimating and scenario-simulating the dynamic evolution and future development trends of habitat quality under the influence of land-use change is significant in regional biodiversity conservation, formulating land-use planning, and maintaining the ecological environmental sustainability. In this article, we included the Huaihe River Economic Belt as the area of study because of its vital location in China and applied the CA-Markov and InVEST models to analyze the spatio-temporal evolution of habitat quality and to simulate the future development trends of habitat quality under three different land-use scenarios: fast urban growth scenario, farmland conservation-oriented scenario, and ecological conservation-oriented scenario. The results showed that the land-use change in the Huaihe River Economic Belt was mostly represented by the continuous increase of the built-up area, whereas other land types all declined in area from 1995 to 2015. The land-use changes under these three abovementioned alternative future scenarios with different development orientations were considerably different. The built-up area has been shown to expand rapidly to occupy other land types on a large scale under the fast urban growth scenario. Urban land increased slightly and a large area of rural residential land would be converted into farmland under the farmland conservation-oriented scenario. The built-up area and farmland might decrease while woodland, grassland and water would increase in extent of areas under the ecological conservation-oriented scenario. Habitat quality has been shown to be generally poor, continuing to decline from 1995 to 2015, while its spatial distribution was higher in the southwest and northeast areas and lower in the central regions. The future habitat quality would display a downward trend under the fast urban growth and farmland conservation-oriented scenarios with a further deterioration of the ecological environment, while the ecological conservation-oriented scenario predicted the converse trend that the ecological environment would be improved productively. This study may be useful for understanding the impact of land-use dynamics on biodiversity. The research results can provide a scientific basis for the decision-makers to formulate biodiversity conservation and land management policies.
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Biodiversidad , Evolución Biológica , Simulación por Computador , Conservación de los Recursos Naturales , Ecosistema , Ríos/química , Urbanización/tendencias , Monitoreo del Ambiente , HumanosRESUMEN
RATIONALE: Duodenal neuroendocrine tumor (d-NET) is a rare tumor originating in the neuroendocrine system. The clinical manifestations of d-NET are similar to those of other digestive tract tumors, resulting in a lack of specificity and complex clinical symptoms. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 55-year-old female patient was admitted to our hospital with a chief complaint of an abdominal mass that had been present for more than 4 months. DIAGNOSES: The upper abdomen enhanced computed tomography scan showed an uneven density mass across the upper abdomen, and the tumor size was approximately 6.2 × 5.8âcm with obvious visible enhancement present in 1 area and a cystic nonenhanced area. The postoperative pathology showed the tumor cells to be positive for chromogranin, synaptophysin, cytokeratin, CD56 (partial weak), negative for vimentin, CD117, DOG-1, CD34, S-100, SMA, desmin, and Ki-67 approximately 2%, which confirmed the diagnosis of d-NETs. INTERVENTIONS: We preferred laparoscopic surgical exploration, but the tumor started at the ascending part of the duodenum and involved the mesenteric artery. As the branches of the superior mesenteric artery were intertwined with the tumor, it was difficult to operate with the endoscope, so we converted to open laparotomy. The postoperative pathology revealed the presence of d-NET. OUTCOMES: The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged after the operation. One-month and 3-month follow-up after surgery, showed no evidence of recurrence. LESSONS: Radiological imaging studies are insufficient for the differential diagnosis of abdominal mass from other diseases, whereas surgery is the only radical treatment method, and the preferred surgical method is still active radical resection of the tumor.
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Neoplasias Duodenales/diagnóstico , Tumores Neuroendocrinos/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Neoplasias Duodenales/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Duodenales/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Laparotomía , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tumores Neuroendocrinos/diagnóstico por imagen , Tumores Neuroendocrinos/cirugía , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2020.07.002.].