RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE@#To assess the potential dosimetric effects of arms movement in patients with Cyberknife spine tumors.@*METHODS@#In the study, 12 patients with thoracic and lumbar tumors were retrospectively selected respectively. The contour of the patient's arms was sketched and the CT density was modified to be equivalent to air in order to simulate the extreme case when the arm was completely removed from the radiation fields. The dose of simulated plan was re-calculated with the original beam parameters and compared with the original plan. The changes of V100, D95, and D90, conformity index (CI) and heterogeneity index (HI) in planning target volume (PTV), as well as Dmax, D1cc and D2cc in the spinal cord, stomach, esophagus, and intestines were analyzed by comparing with the original plans.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the original treatment plan, V100, D95, D90 and CI of PTV for the simulated plan was increased by 0.86%, 2.02%, 1.97% and 0.80% respectively, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Dmax, D1cc and D2cc of spinal cord was increased by 2.35%, 0.59% and 1.49% on average, compared with the original plan, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The difference was statistically significant only in average D2cc of stomach, which was increased by 1.70%, compared with the original plan (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in dose change of eso-phagus and intestine between the original and simulated plans.@*CONCLUSION@#This study analyzed the most extreme arm position in spinal tumor of radiation therapy based on Cyberknife. It was found that the change of arm position had little effect on dosimetry. In addition, with the change of arm position, the dose in PTV and organ at risk (OAR) increased, but the increase was relatively small. Therefore, in some special cases where the patient really can't keep the arm position consistent during treatment, reasonable adjustment can be accepted. However, in order to ensure accurate radiotherapy, patient position should be as stable and consistent as possible.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Brazo , Radiocirugia , Dosificación Radioterapéutica , Planificación de la Radioterapia Asistida por Computador , Radioterapia de Intensidad Modulada , Estudios Retrospectivos , Neoplasias de la Columna Vertebral/cirugíaRESUMEN
Objective@#To investigate the effects of ambient air pollution on the school age children s diseases, symptoms and school absence, and to provide a reference for preventing the harmful effect of air pollution on students.@*Methods@#Health questionnaires surveys were conducted among 792 students of the fourth grade in a primary school in Hangzhou, and the incidence of diseases and symptoms were continuously monitored every day during the winter of 2014-2017. The generalized additive model based on Poisson regression was used to analyze the health effects caused by single pollution. The multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the comprehensive effects of family, living environment and air pollution on student health.@*Results@#Totally 415 students(52.4%) had a history of diseases and 265 students(33.5%) had a history of allergy. During the investigation, the average concentrations of PM 2.5 , PM 10 , SO 2 and NO 2 were (81.0±2.8) (122.2±3.9) (17.9±0.6) and (68.9±1.4)μg/m 3. Strongest associations were found for lag 3 day of exposure among PM 2.5 , PM 10 and NO 2 on illness and absence. Increases of 10 μg/m 3 in PM 2.5 , PM 10 and NO 2 were associated with 1.02(95% CI =1.01-1.02), 1.04(95% CI =1.03-1.06) and 1.03(95% CI =1.02- 1.04 ) increases in daily illness rates. SO 2 lag for 5 days had the most significant effect on students health. Father s education was the protective factor for illness ( OR =0.83) and symptoms( OR =0.84 ). The risk factors for symptoms included furniture replacement within one year( OR =1.78), pet feeding( OR =1.94), respiratory infections within one year( OR =1.82), allergies rhinitis( OR =2.24), family history with coronary heart disease/hypertension( OR =1.46), indoor activity time ( OR =1.02) and atmospheric PM 10 concentration( OR =1.09)( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The increase of air pollution concentration has an impact on the illness, symptoms and absence from school, and there is a lag effect. Father s education is a protective factor for the health of students. Indoor pollution and outdoor air pollution can lead to the occurrence of illness and symptoms.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Whether primary tumor resection is beneficial in patients with metastatic nonfunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NF-pNETs) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether palliative resection of primary tumor affected the survival of patients with stage IV NF-pNETs. METHODS: We collected data from patients with stage IV NF-pNET registered in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from 2004 to 2015. Risk-adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression analysis and propensity score-matched analysis were used to analyze overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of patients. RESULTS: In total, 1974 stage IV NF-pNETs patients were identified, of whom 392 (19.9%) received palliative primary tumor resection. The latter exhibited significantly prolonged OS (hazard ratio = 2.514, 95% confidence interval: 2.081-3.037, P < 0.001) and CSS (hazard ratio = 2.634, 95% confidence interval: 2.159-3.213, P < 0.001) in multivariate Cox regression analysis. According to propensity score-matched results, patients without primary tumor resection had worse OS and CSS. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that there is a significant correlation between palliative resection of primary tumor and survival benefit. Therefore, resection could be considered as an additional treatment option in this specific patient population.
Asunto(s)
Tumores Neuroendocrinos/mortalidad , Tumores Neuroendocrinos/cirugía , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/mortalidad , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/cirugía , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tumores Neuroendocrinos/patología , Cuidados Paliativos , Páncreas/patología , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patología , Puntaje de Propensión , Estudios Retrospectivos , Programa de VERF , Estados Unidos/epidemiología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Objective@#To explore the effect of air pollutants on salivary lysozyme of pupils in Hangzhou,and to provide a reference for effectively improving health index of primary school students.@*Methods@#A total of 248 healthy pupils from one primary school in Xiacheng district, Xihu district and Chun’an county of Hangzhou were selected with cluster random sampling methods during October 2015 to March 2016. Meteorological and air quality data near the three schools during the same period were collected. Mixed linear model was used to analyze the influence of air pollutants on salivary lysozyme of pupils.@*Results@#There was significant difference in the content of salivary enzymes between Xihu District and Xiacheng District (t=-4.49, 2.75, P<0.01). There was no significant difference in salivary lysozyme among pupils of different sex and age. Mixed linear model suggested that for 1 μg/m3 increase of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2 and CO, salivary lysozyme increased by 1.75, 0.82, 6.12, 1.05 and 70.73 μg/L,respectively. Salivary lysozyme increased by 8.17 μg/L for 1 μg/m3 increase of SO2 the day before the test.@*Conclusion@#The level of salivary lysozyme in pupils is positively correlated with the concentration of air pollutants with a lagging effect.
RESUMEN
Objective Analysis of 22 kinds of organic acid metabolites in urine samples of patients with myasthenia gravis, mitochondrial myopathy and of healthy controls was performed so to provide data and basis for clinical screening .Methods The principal component and the corresponding principal component equation were obtained , the physical and chemical significance of the principal component was explained .Results The cumulative contri-bution rate of the first five principal components reached 86.89%, was identified as the main component , then es-tablished the principal component function expression , and analyzed the relationship between the principal compo-nent and the original variable .It was found that the phenyl saturated acid might be a potential biomarker of the two diseases , and the hippuric acid was an early warning bio-marker of the two diseases .Conclusions Urine organic acid metabolic profile principal component analysis is helpful to find biomarker of disease and may support clinical diagnosis basis .
RESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the testis tissues of Fmr1 (fragile X mental retardation 1) knockout and wild-type male mice in different developmental stages, and provide background information for researches on fragile X syndrome.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This study included 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks old Fmr1 knockout and wild-type male mice, 6 in each age group. We identified the genotype of the mice by PCR, and detected and compared the expression of iNOS in the testis tissues of the Fmr1 knockout and wild-type mice by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The iNOS expression was weakly positive in the Leydig cells of the 4-week-old mice, moderately positive in the 6-week-old ones, and strongly positive in 8- and 10-week-old ones, significantly weaker in the Fmr1 knockout than in the wild-type ones.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression of iNOS significantly decreases in the testis of Fmr1 knockout mice, suggesting that iNOS may be involved in the pathogenesis of fragile X syndrome.</p>