RESUMEN
The six groups of fault gouge samples were collected in different middle-sections from the underground mine of the Weilasituo zinc-copper polymetallic deposit, Inner Mongolia. The samples were analyzed with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and near infrared spectrum (NIR)to explore the mineral composition features of the fault gouges and their relationship with mineralization. The results are as follows: (1) The fault gouge samples contain the clay minerals which were formed in the low temperature alteration (such as montmorillonite, kaolinite, dickite, chlorite etc.), the alteration minerals in the medium temperature or high temperature hydrothermal environment (such as graphite, black mica, pyrophyllite, barite, serpentine, tremolite, actinolite etc.), and also the mineral compositions which were closely related to mineralization (such as copper-zinc oxide, copper-vanadium-chloride, azurite, bornite etc.). (2) The mineral compositions of the fault gouge from different depth are different. Shallow earth's surface is mainly consisted of the low metamorphic minerals, and deep underground is mainly consisted of the high metamorphic minerals. (3) The mineral composition, mineral genesis and law of development of evolution of fault gouges suggest that, they were formed in the ore and metallogenic tectonic hydrothermal activity period, and had experienced the supergene oxidation later. (4) Through the analysis of the mineral compositions and alteration mineral assemblage characteristics of the fault gouges we can speculate that, the ore deposit was formed in medium-high temperature hydrothermal environment which had experienced the process of silicide, kaolinite, chloritization, hotaru petrochemical and sericitization alteration. Therefore, the analysis of the mineral compositions and mineral assemblage characteristics of the fault gouges,not only have certain practical significance for prospecting, but also can provide important reference information to study the genesis of the deposit.
RESUMEN
Through modern near infrared spectrum, the authors analyzed the yellow soil from the rupture zone located in Ping- tong town,Pingwu, Sichuan province. By rapid identification of the characteristic of peak absorption of mineral particles, the result shows that the soil samples mainly composed of calcite, dolomite, muscovite, sericite, illite, smectite; talc, tremolite, actinolite, chlorite, etc. And the mineral compositions of the soil is basically the same with the yellow soil in Sichuan region. By analyzing and comparing it was revealed that part of mineral compositions of the soil are in accordance with the characteristics of the rock mineral compositions below the rupture zone, indicating that part of the minerals of the soil's evolution is closely related to the rock compositions in this area; and the compositions of the clay mineral in the rupture zone is similar to the Ma Lan loess in the north of China, so it is presumed that the clay minerals in these two kinds of soil have the same genetic type. The characteristic of the mineral composition of the soil is in accordance with evolution characteristics of the rocks which is bellow the rupture zone, also it was demonstrated that the results of soil minerals near-infrared analysis can effectively analyze the mineral particles in the soil and indicate the pedogenic environment. Therefore, the result shows the feasibility of adopting modern near-infrared spectrum for rapid analysis of mineral particles of the soil and research of geology. Meanwhile, the results can be the foundation of this region's soil mineral analysis, and also provide new ideas and methods for the future research of soil minerals and the earthquake rupture zone.
