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OBJECTIVE To establish comprehensive quality evaluation method based on multi-index components combined with multivariate statistical analysis， and to comprehensively evaluate the quality of Periploca forrestii. METHODS Taking 11 batches of P. forrestii medicinal materials from different areas in Guizhou as samples， the contents of neochlorogenic acid， cryptochlorogenic acid， chlorogenic acid， procyanidin A2， isochlorogenic acid A and isochlorogenic acid C were determined by HPLC. Clustering heat map analysis， grey correlation analysis（GRA） and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution（TOPSIS） were used to evaluate the quality of P. forrestii. RESULTS The results of methodological investigation of content determination were in accordance with the relevant regulations， and the linear relationship and accuracy of each component were good in their respective sampling range. The contents of chlorogenic acid， cryptochlorogenic acid， neochlorogenic acid， procyanidin A2， isochlorogenic acid A and isochlorogenic acid C in 11 batches of samples were 3.650-7.302， 0.888-2.575， 1.371- 2.386， 0.947-1.469， 0.084-0.169 and 0.725-1.067 mg/g， respectively. The content of each component was significantly different， with the highest content of chlorogenic acid and the lowest content of isochlorogenic acid A. The comprehensive results of cluster heat map， GRA and TOPSIS analysis showed that the comprehensive quality of S5 and S10 was relatively good. CONCLUSIONS The established method is accurate， stable and simple. Combined with multivariate statistical analysis method， it can be used for quality evaluation of P. forrestii. The quality of samples from Jiuzhou Town and Caiguan Town of Xixiu District in Anshun City of Guizhou Province are relatively good among 11 different origin samples.
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BackgroundThe Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has prompted accelerated vaccines development. Their use was prioritized to protect the most vulnerable, notably, the elderly. Because of fluctuations in vaccine availability, strategies such as delayed second dose and heterologous prime-boost have been employed. The effectiveness of these strategies in the frail elderly are unknown. MethodsIn this real-world vaccination study, under a government-decreed rationing strategy, elderly adults residing in long-term care facilities, with or without previously-documented SARS-CoV-2 infection, were administered homologous or heterologous mRNA vaccines, with an extended 16-week interval between doses. Clinical data and blood were serially collected during and after this interval period. Sera were tested for SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibodies (to trimeric S; RBD; nucleocapsid) by automated chemiluminescent ELISA. FindingsAfter a significant increase 4 weeks post-prime dose, there was a significant decline in anti-RBD and anti-S IgG levels until the boost dose, followed by an increase 4 weeks later. Previously uninfected individuals exhibited lower antibody responses up to 16 weeks post-prime dose, but achieved comparable levels to previously infected counterparts by 4 weeks post-second dose. Individuals primed with BNT162b2 exhibited larger decrease in anti-RBD and anti-S IgG levels with 16-week interval between doses, compared to those who received mRNA-1273. No differences in antibody levels 4 weeks after the second dose were noted between the two vaccines, in either homologous or heterologous combinations. InterpretationsThese interim results of this ongoing longitudinal study show that, among frail elderly, neither age, sex, nor comorbidity affect antigenicity of mRNA-based COVID vaccines, but previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and type of mRNA vaccine influenced antibody responses when used with a 16-week interval between doses. Homologous/heterologous use of mRNA vaccines was not associated with significant differences in antibody responses 4 weeks following second dose, supporting their interchangeability. FundingThis project was supported by funding from the Public Health Agency of Canada, through the Vaccine Surveillance Reference group and the COVID-19 Immunity Task Force (CITF).
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Objective:To observe the natural course of cerebral contusion and laceration combined with hematoma formation and analyze the risk factors for its progression.Methods:Patients with cerebral contusion and laceration combined with hematoma formation admitted to our hospital from September 2017 to March 2020 were prospectively selected; and they were divided into progressive and non-progressive groups according to progression of cerebral contusion and laceration combined with hematoma formation. The clinical data of the two groups of patients were compared, and multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent influencing factors for progressive cerebral contusion and laceration combined with hematoma formation.Results:A total of 197 patients with cerebral contusion and laceration combined with hematoma formation were included in this study, of which, 61 were treated with craniotomy and 136 were treated conservatively; 85 patients had progressive cerebral contusion and laceration combined with hematoma formation and 112 patients had non-progressive cerebral contusion and laceration combined with hematoma formation. As compared with those in the non-progressive group, the baseline Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores of the progressive group were lower, hematoma volume by second CT scan was larger, distance from the center of cerebral contusion and laceration or hematoma to the nearest cortex was shorter, platelet count and thrombin time increased, fibrinogen (FIB) content decreased, and proportion of patients with multiple lesions in the first CT scan was higher in the progressive group, with significant differences ( P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the distance from the center of cerebral contusion and laceration or hematoma to the nearest cortex<1 cm, plasma FIB<2 g/L, multiple lesions of cerebral contusion and laceration or hematoma on first CT scan were risk factors for progression in patients with cerebral contusion and laceration combined with hematoma formation ( OR=6.654, 95%CI: 1.391-35.089, P=0.025; OR=5.617, 95%CI: 1.136-28.022, P=0.034; OR=4.629, 95%CI: 1.178-20.071, P=0.031). Conclusion:The patients with short distance from the center of cerebral contusion and laceration or hematoma to the nearest cortex, low plasma FIB, and multiple lesions of cerebral contusion and laceration or hematoma on first CT scan are prone to have progressive cerebral contusion and hematoma formation.
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Objective:To observe the natural course of patients with simple traumatic intraparenchymal contusions and hematomas (TIPHs), and analyze the risk factors for TIPHs progression.Methods:Using a prospective observational study, 69 patients with TIPHs in Affiliated Xiaolan Hospital, Southern Medical University from July 2018 to January 2020 were selected. The gender, age, cause of injury, compound injury status, combined injury and Glasgow coma score (GCS) were recorded. The plasma levels of prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT), fibrinogen (Fbg), international normalized ratio (INR), D-dimer, platelet, hemoglobin at admission were detected. The occurrence of hypoxemia and high intracranial pressure were observed. The time of the first CT examination, volume of the first CT hematoma, time of the control CT examination, volume of the control CT hematoma, and lesion morphology, multifocality, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), edema zone and cortical distance showed in the first CT examination were recorded. The risk factors of progression in patients with TIPHs were analyzed.Results:Among 69 patients with TIPHs, TIPHs progression was in 28 cases (progression group), and the progression rate was 40.58%; TIPHs progression was not in 41 cases (non-progression group). There were no statistical differences in gender composition, age, PT, APTT, INR, hemoglobin, cause of injury, compound injury, incidence of hypoxemia, incidence of high intracranial pressure, incidence of SAH, incidence of edema zone, incidence of irregular lesions, time of the first CT examination, time of the control CT examination and volume of the first CT hematoma between 2 groups ( P>0.05). The GCS, cortical distance and Fbg in progression group were significantly lower than those in non-progression group, the TT, platelet, multifocality rate and volume of the control CT hematoma were significantly higher than those in non-progression group, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01 or <0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis result showed that cortical distance <1 cm, Fbg<2 g/L and multifocality were independent risk factors affecting the progression in patients with TIPHs ( OR = 6.723, 5.515 and 4.827; P<0.05). The model had a sensitivity of 71.43% (20/28), a specificity of 92.68% (38/41), and an accuracy of 84.06% (58/69) in judging the progression of TIPHs. Conclusions:Based on the risk factors for the progression of TIPHs, predicting these patients in advance can provide necessary intervention measures for high-risk patients, which will help to reduce the rate of progression and improve the prognosis of patients.
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OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of new Xianling gubao capsule on fracture healing in rats,and to provide reference for seeking new formula of"to reduce stockpiles and increase efficiency(to reduce stockpiles and constant efficiency)".METHODS:Rats were randomly divided into sham operation group(distilled water),model group(distilled water),Xianling gubao capsule group (350 mg/kg),new Xianling gubao capsule low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose groups (53,105,210 mg/kg),with 14 rats in each group. Except for sham operation group,right middle femur fracture model was established under the anesthetic state. Rats were given relevant medicine 10 mL/kg intragastrically after woken,once a day,for consecutive 4 weeks.After last administration,body weights of rats were determined;the formation of callus and histopathological changes in fracture were observed;biomechanics of fracture side(fracture stress and bone crushing force)was measured. The levels of inflammatory factors (TNF-α ,IL-1 β) in serum were detected by ELISA. RESULTS:Compared with sham operation group,body weight,fracture stress and bone crushing force of fracture side were decreased significantly(P<0.05 or P<0.01),while the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-1 β were increased significantly(P<0.01). In model group,the scab was visible around the fracture,and the trabecular bone was not mature and arranged in confusion. Compared with model group,body weights of rats were increased significantly in new Xianling gubao capsule high-dose group and Xianling gubao capsule group (P<0.05);fracture stress of fracture side were increased significantly in new Xianling gubao capsule medium-dose and high-dose groups and Xianling gubao capsule group(P<0.05 or P<0.01). The serum levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were decreased significantly(P<0.01). There was no statistical significance in above indexes among new Xianling gubao capsule groups and Xianling gubao capsule group(P>0.05).The area of the callus in each group was smaller;the fracture line became blurred;the fracture trace disappeared and the number of bone trabeculae increased. The cortical layer was thickened,and a large number of capillary implants were found in the bone marrow cavity. CONCLUSIONS:New Xianling gubao capsule has a significant role in promoting fracture healing,and can effectively improve the strength of bone biomechanics and inhibit the inflammatory reaction.
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AIM: To establish HPLC fingerprint for the identification of Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides and its adulterants. METHODS: The chromatographic seperation was performed on a Diamonsil C_(18) (250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid, gradient eluent, at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The UV detection was set at 340 nm. RESULTS: There was an apparent difference in fingerprint between Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides and its adulterants. CONCLUSION: The method is stable and reliable with a good reproducibility andprovides a reference standard for identifying Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides and its adulterants.
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AIM: To establish HPLC fingerprint for the identification of Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides and its adulterants. METHODS: The chromatographic seperation was performed on a Diamonsil C_18(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m)with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid,gradient eluent,at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.The UV detection was set at 340 nm. RESULTS: There was an apparent difference in fingerprint between Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides and its adulterants. CONCLUSION: The method is stable and reliable with a good reproducibility and provides a reference standard for identifying Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides and its adulterants.
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AIM:To establish HPLC fingerprint for the root and rhizome of Clematis uncinata Champ and to compare the differences of clematis and Clematis uncinata in fingerprint. METHODS:Based on 10 batches of Clematis unciuata Champ,its chromatographic seperation was performed on Diamonsil C18 (250 mm ? 4. 6 mm,5 ?m)with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile -0.05% phosphoric acid,gradient eluent,at the flow rate of 0. 8 mL/min. The UV detection was set at 210 nm. RESULTS:The mutual mode to HPLC-UV fingerprints was set up,and the 23 mutual peaks were indicated. The similarities were compared among Cleuatis uncinata Champ and substitutes collected from different sources there were apparent difference in fingerprint. CONCLUSION:The method is stable and reliable with a good reproducibility and provides a reference standard for identifying medicinal clematis.
