A new biomarker in the diagnosis and prognosis of pulmonary thromboembolism: Serum profilin-1.

Objective: Pulmonary Thromboembolism (PTE) is one of the major cardiovascular diseases with high morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis and accurate prognosis are essential in clinical management. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of serum Profilin-1(PFN1) in diagnosing and prognosis PTE. Materials and methods: This study was conducted on patients older than 18 diagnosed with PTE and healthy volunteers with similar sociodemographic characteristics who applied to the emergency department between March 2022 and March 2023. Results: In the study, 102 patients diagnosed with PTE were in the patient group, and 64 healthy volunteers were in the control group. The median PFN1 level of the patient group was 2878 (124-5001) pg/mL, while the median PFN1 level of the control group was 579 (125-5001) pg/mL. The PFN1 level of the patient group was significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.001). PFN1 levels of 984.46 pg/mL and above had 76.47 % sensitivity and 79.69 % specificity in diagnosing PTE (AUC: 0.817; CI: 0.750-0.873; p < 0.0001). The median PFN1 level of patients with mortality was 5001 (1793.3-5001) pg/mL, while the median PFN1 level of patients without mortality was 1858 (124-5001) pg/mL. PFN1 levels of patients who developed mortality were significantly higher than those who did not develop mortality (p < 0.001). PFN1 levels of 3292.1 pg/mL and above had 90.91 % sensitivity and 71.25 % specificity in PTE prognosis (AUC: 0.861; CI: 0.778-0.921; p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Serum Profilin-1 levels are helpful as a diagnostic and prognostic indicator in PTE.

Pentraxin-3 level in subarachnoid haemorrhage: Is it a prognostic factor?

OBJECTIVE: The current study was planned to investigate the relationship of serum level of pentraxine-3 with various clinical and neurological scales and scores. METHODS: The prospective case-control study was conducted at the Emergency Department of the Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey, from March 2013 to June 2014, and comprised subarachnoid haemorrhage patients and healthy. Pentraxine-3levels were measured from serum samples and compared with sub-groups of the various scales and scores used in the study. Data was analysed using SPSS 15. RESULTS: Of the 77 subjects, 40(52%) were patients and 37(48%) were controls. Pentraxine-3levels in the cases were significantly higher than the controls (p<0.001). Among the cases, pentraxine-3level of the Glasgow Coma Scale sub-group was significantly different between the severe and mild categories (p=0.048). Likewise, pentraxine-3 levels were significantly different in terms of Fisher scale in patients with minor haemorrhage compared to those with massive haemorrhage (p=0.026). Also, pentraxine-3 levels were significantly higher in patients who died compared to those who fully recovered (p=0.042). CONCLUSIONS: There was found to be a relationship between pentraxine-3 level and the clinical severity of subarachnoid haemorrhage patients.

Drowning and near-drowning: experience of a university hospital in the Black Sea region.

The aim of the study was to describe the characteristics of patients who applied to the Emergency Department (ED) due to submersion injury; to recognize the risk factors, complications, causes of death, and the educational needs of families and caregivers about unsafe environments for submersion; and to develop preventive strategies. All patients were analyzed retrospectively according to demographic features, clinical and laboratory findings, association between clinical variables and submersion injuries, and patient outcomes. Fifty-five patients with submersion injury were analyzed. The mean age of patients was 10.9 ± 4.7 years. The most common Szpilman clinical scores were Grade 1 (24 patients, 43.8%), Grade 2 (15 patients, 27.3%), and Grade 5 (10 patients, 18.2%). The common location of the submersion injuries included the sea (74.5%), pool (18.4%), bathtub (7.3%), river (3.6%), and lake (3.6%). A limited swimming ability or exhaustion and suffocation (49.1%) due to unknown reasons were the most common causes of submersion injury among all patients. Most complications were due to aspiration pneumonia and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Thirty-nine patients (70.9%) were followed in the ED, while 16 patients (29.1%) were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU); 11 patients (20.0%) died. All of the risk factors of drowning should be taken into account when designing preventive measures and family education. In addition, all pediatricians should be trained periodically about the complications of submersion and the treatment strategies, particularly in coastal cities and areas where drownings occur frequently.

Is there a relationship between serum heart- type fatty acid binding protein level and clinical severity in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage?

AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the serum heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) levels and cardiac effects in patients presenting with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and to investigate whether any correlation exists between the cardiac effects and H-FABP. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-six patients diagnosed as acute SAH in the emergency department were included in this study. Twenty healthy adults were included in the study to serve as controls. Twelve-lead ECG was performed on all patients on admission. H-FABP levels of patients were determined in serum samples taken on admission. RESULTS: Serum H-FABP levels of patients were found to be significantly higher than those of controls (p < 0.05). There was no significant correlation between serum H-FABP levels and ECG changes. There was a moderate positive correlation between H-FABP serum levels and the grade according to the Hunt and Hess classification (r=0.43, p < 0.05). There was a weak positive correlation between H-FABP serum levels and the grade according to the Fisher radiological classification (r=0.38, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Serum H-FABP levels are increased in patients with SAH. Grades according to the Hunt and Hess and Fisher grading scales were shown to increase in conjunction with an increase in H-FABP levels.