RESUMEN
Mitochondria is one of the most important organelles of eukaryotic cells, which is closely related to cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy and other life processes. Mitochondrias in biological cells are actually in a highly dynamic state. The fusion and division of mitochondria and their secondary effects play an important role in the regulation of cell life. As a malignant disease of hematopoietic system, leukemia is characterized by excessive proliferation, limited apoptosis, abnormal autophagy and other abnormal cell regulation. Therefore, abnormal mitochondrial dynamics regulation may play a key role in the pathogenesis of leukemia, refractory and drug resistance of leukemia. The article reviews the role of mitochondrial dynamics and abnormal regulation in the pathogenesis and development of leukemia, and provides a theoretical basis for the research on the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics in leukemia.
RESUMEN
Solitary bees are major pollinators but their chemical communication system has been poorly studied. We investigated olfactory coding in Osmia cornuta from two perspectives, chemical and biochemical. We identified (E)-geranyl acetone and 2-hexyl-1,3-dioxolane, specifically secreted by females and males, respectively. A transcriptome analysis of antennae revealed 48 ORs (olfactory receptors), six OBPs (odorant-binding proteins), five CSPs (chemosensory proteins), and a single SNMP (sensory neuron membrane protein). The numbers of ORs and OBPs are much lower than in the honeybee, in particular, C-minus OBPs are lacking in the antennae of O. cornuta. We have expressed all six OBPs of O. cornuta and studied their binding specificities. The best ligands are common terpene plant odorants and both volatiles produced by the bee and identified in this work.
