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[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1195577.].
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Objective: This study aims to explore the difference between 11C-methyl-N-2ß-carbomethoxy-3ß-(4-fluorophenyl)-tropanel (11C-CFT) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in the early-onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD) and late-onset Parkinson's disease (LOPD), and to analyze the correlation between 11C-CFT PET imaging and disease duration, Hoehn & Yahr (H&Y) stage, motor symptoms, and non-motor symptoms in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD), so as to explore its application value in assessing the severity of Parkinson's disease. Materials and methods: A total of 113 patients with idiopathic PD were included in this study. The patients were divided into EOPD and LOPD groups according to the age of 60 years, of which 58 were early-onset and 55 were late-onset. All patients underwent 11C-CFT PET imaging and manually sketched regions of interest (ROI) to delineate the caudate nucleus, anterior putamen, and posterior putamen ROI layer-by-layer, and the corresponding values were recorded. Clinical data [age of onset, disease duration, H&Y stage, total Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) score, UPDRS III score, tremor score, postural instability/gait difficulty (PIGD) score, rigidity score, bradykinesia score, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score] were collected from all patients. The differences in striatal 11C-CFT uptake between patients with EOPD and LOPD were compared, and the correlation between striatal 11C-CFT uptake and the clinical data of patients with idiopathic PD was evaluated. Results: The caudate nucleus 11C-CFT uptake was higher in EOPD than in the LOPD group (t = 3.002, p = 0.003). 11C-CFT uptake in the caudate nucleus in patients with PD was negatively correlated with the age of onset, H&Y stage, disease duration, total UPDRS score, UPDRS III score, rigidity score, and bradykinesia score (p < 0.05). The anterior and posterior putamen 11C-CFT uptake was negatively correlated with H&Y stage, disease duration, total UPDRS score, UPDRS III score, PIGD score, rigidity score, and bradykinesia score (p < 0.05). Conclusion: 11C-CFT PET provides an objective molecular imaging basis for the difference in disease progression rates between patients with EOPD and LOPD. Secondly, 11C-CFT PET can be used as an important objective indicator to assess disease severity and monitor disease progression.
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Objective: Evaluation of the correlation between 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) and cognitive function in first-diagnosed and untreated Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Materials and method: This cross-sectional study included 84 first diagnosed and untreated PD patients. The individuals were diagnosed by movement disorder experts based on the 2015 MDS Parkinson's disease diagnostic criteria. The patients also underwent 18F-FDG PET scans and clinical feature assessments including the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale. Glucose metabolism rates were measured in 26 brain regions using region of interest (ROI) and pixel-wise analyses with displayed Z scores. The cognitive function was assessed by professionals using the MoCA scale, which covers five cognitive domains. Spearman's linear correlation and linear regression models were used to compare the correlations between 18F-FDG metabolism in each brain region and cognitive domain, using SPSS 25.0 software. Result: The results indicated a positive correlation between executive function and glucose metabolism in the lateral prefrontal cortex of the left hemisphere (p = 0.041). Additionally, a positive correlation between memory function and glucose metabolism in the right precuneus (p = 0.014), right lateral occipital cortex (p = 0.017), left lateral occipital cortex (p = 0.031), left primary visual cortex (p = 0.008), and right medial temporal cortex (p = 0.046). Further regression analysis showed that for every one-point decrease in the memory score, the glucose metabolism in the right precuneus would decrease by 0.3 (B = 0.30, p = 0.005), the glucose metabolism in the left primary visual cortex would decrease by 0.25 (B = 0.25, p = 0.040), the glucose metabolism in the right lateral occipital cortex would decrease by 0.38 (B = 0.38, p = 0.012), and the glucose metabolism in the left lateral occipital cortex would decrease by 0.32 (B = 0.32, p = 0.045). Conclusion: This study indicated that cognitive impairment in PD patients mainly manifests as changes in executive function, visual-spatial function and memory functions, while glucose metabolism mainly decreases in the frontal and posterior cortex. Further analysis shows that executive function is related to glucose metabolism in the left lateral prefrontal cortex. On the other hand, memory ability involves changes in glucose metabolism in a more extensive brain region. This suggests that cognitive function assessment can indirectly reflect the level of glucose metabolism in the relevant brain regions.
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The clinical data of 67 patients with tsutsugamushi disease diagnosed and treated in Department of General Medicine, Yuxi People′s Hospital of Yunnan Province from January 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 43 were males and 24 were females and most of patients were from rural areas ( n=56, 83.58%); there were 14 severe cases and 53 non-severe cases, the age of patients ranged from 41 to 65 years,and the average age of severe cases was older than that of non-severe cases. Most of patients were encountered in July to October ( n=59, 88.1%). All patients presented eschar or ulcer, which were occurred in limbs ( n=27, 40.4%), body folds ( n=22, 32.8%) or trunk ( n=18, 26.8%). The incidence of systemic rash and chills in severe group was higher than that in non-severe group ( P<0.05).The levels of Hb, platelet, ALB, uric acid and TBil in severe cases were lower than those in non-severe cases (all P<0.05), while the levels of CRP, PTC, ALT, AST, Scr, Urea nitrogen, CKMB, LDH, and APTT were higher than those in non-severe cases (all P<0.05). The curative effect of anti-rickettsia therapy in non-severe group was better than that in severe group ( χ 2=5.16, P<0.05). It is suggested that general practitioners should pay attention to tsutsugamushi disease, and early diagnosis and treatment can achieve good therapeutic effect.
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Peptide inhibition of the interactions of the tumor suppressor protein P53 with its negative regulators MDM2 and MDMX activates P53
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In the past decade, the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in China have been growing as a serious public health problem. Health literacy is closely related to the individual cancer risk awareness, early cancer symptom recognition, cancer screening behavior, treatment compliance, disease self-management ability and outcome. It also has an important impact on the occurrence, development and outcome of cancer and plays an important role in the tertiary cancer prevention. This issue focuses on the consciousness of cancer prevention, early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment, as well as the demand of and access to the cancer prevention and treatment knowledge, and could provide reference for cancer prevention and control in urban residents.
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The health literacy refers to the ability of individuals to acquire and understand basic health information and services and use them to make the right decisions to maintain and promote their health. Health literacy data focusing on cancer prevention and control was limited in China. In order to understand the health literacy and awareness of cancer risk factors and the cancer screening, early diagnosis and treatment in Chinese urban residents and compare the effect of different stages of the cancer intervention, the Cancer Screening Program in Urban China (CanSPUC) program, supported by the National Key Public Health Program, conducted a survey on the health literacy of the cancer prevention and treatment among urban residents in 16 provinces nationwide from 2015 to 2017. Four subgroups were designed in this survey, including (1) general population who have never participated in any cancer screening programs at a community-level; (2) individuals who have previously attended the CanSPUC program for cancer risk assessment or screening intervention; (3) cancer patients who were receiving treatment in local hospitals; (4) a special group from employees of government and public institutions (non-health system), state-owned enterprises and private enterprises (to have better understand on the impact of socioeconomic factors). The self-designed questionnaire covered six parts, including basic information, consciousness of common risk factors to cancer, awareness of early detection, awareness of early diagnosis, awareness of early treatment, and the needs and approaches for knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment. A total of 32 257 individuals were included in the final analyses. This paper landscaped the overall design of the survey, including participants, domains of the instrument, quality control, basic characteristics of the included individuals. These descriptions are applicable to each individual report of the current special issue of "Health Literacy of Cancer Control in Urban China" and future reports, in which more detailed results are and will be reported. The findings of this survey could provide some useful implications for similar researches in the future.
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This article reviews the literature on health literacy and cancer prevention, screening, treatment and prognosis. A large number of studies have shown that health literacy is positively correlated with public cancer risk awareness, cancer knowledge awareness rate, and cancer screening behavior, and positively correlated with the health service resource utilization ability of cancer patients, treatment compliance, and quality of life, and negatively correlated with the unhealthy lifestyle such as smoking and drinking. Some studies have problems such as small sample size, limited population, and inappropriate design. Some studies do not support the conclusions above. Therefore, multi-center, large-scale clinical studies and cohort studies should be conducted to provide more robust evidence for the relationship between the health literacy and cancer prevention, screening, and treatment.
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Objective@#To explore the efficacy and safety of recombinant human interleukin-11 (rhIL-11) in treatment of chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia of acute leukemia.@*Methods@#Acute leukemia patients with chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia [Platelets (Plt) < 50×109/L] in 6 centers nationwide from February 2016 to July 2016 were treated with rhIL-11 (2 mg/time, twice per day) by subcutaneous injection. Treatment lasted 7 days or at least until Plt≥ 50×109/L. The Plt recovery was observed during treatment.@*Results@#A total of 112 patients were enrolled, and 2 patients decided to drop out of study. The efficacy population consisted of 110 patients, and the total response rate reached 74.5% (82/110). The average variation of Plt during treatment was (70±54)×109/L, and recovery average time of Plt for the patients with favorable efficacy was (8.7±3.0) days. In treatment with severe thrombocytopenia, rhIL-11 alone could shorten the recovery time compared with rhIL-11 combined with Plt transfusion [(8.0±2.6) d vs. (9.6±3.5) d, t=2.17, P=0.03].@*Conclusion@#rhIL-11 twice a day of subcutaneous injection can effectively promote Plt recovery and reduce Plt transfusion with less adverse reactions, which is worthy of further application.
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OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the content validity and interrater reliability of the modified medication discrepancy tool (MDT). METHODS:According to the structure of MDT(English edition),the terms of MDT were modified,and 5 invited ex-perts used content validity indicator to test the content validity of MDT. The interrater reliability method was adopted to test the reli-ability of MDT. The interrater reliability was performed by 2 evaluators to same 20 research objects with modified MDT. RE-SULTS:Average item-level content validity index was over 0.800,and scale-level content validity index was 0.970. The item-level interrater reliability was between 0.667 and 1.000(P<0.01). The scale-level interrater reliability was 0.840(P<0.01). CONCLU-SIONS:The modified MDT has good content validity and interrater reliability,and can be used to evaluate discharged medication discrepancies in China.