Personalized and continuous care intervention affects rehabilitation, living quality, and negative emotions of patients with breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is among the most common malignancies worldwide. With progress in treatment methods and levels, the overall survival period has been prolonged, and the demand for quality care has increased. AIM: To investigate the effect of individualized and continuous care intervention in patients with breast cancer. METHODS: Two hundred patients with breast cancer who received systemic therapy at The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University (January 2021 to July 2023) were retrospectively selected as research participants. Among them, 134 received routine care intervention (routing group) and 66 received personalized and continuous care (intervention group). Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS), and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B) scores, including limb shoulder joint activity, complication rate, and care satisfaction, were compared between both groups after care. RESULTS: SAS and SDS scores were lower in the intervention group than in the routing group at one and three months after care. The total FACT-B scores and five dimensions in the intervention group were higher than those in the routing group at three months of care. The range of motion of shoulder anteflexion, posterior extension, abduction, internal rotation, and external rotation in the intervention group was higher than that in the routing group one month after care. The incidence of postoperative complications was 18.18% lower in the intervention group than in the routing group (34.33%; P <0.05). Satisfaction with care was 90.91% higher in the intervention group than in the routing group (78.36%; P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Personalized and continuous care can alleviate negative emotions in patients with breast cancer, quicken rehabilitation of limb function, decrease the incidence of complications, and improve living quality and care satisfaction.

Thermostable vacuum foam dried Newcastle disease vaccine: Process optimization and pilot-scale study.

Vacuum foam drying (VFD) has been shown to improve the thermostability and long-term shelf life of Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV). This study optimized the VFD process to improve the shelf life of NDV at laboratory-scale and then tested the optimized conditions at pilot-scale. The optimal NDV to T5 formulation ratio was determined to be 1:1 or 3:2. Using the 1:1 virus to formulation ratio, the optimal filling volumes were determined to be 13-17% of the vial capacity. The optimized VFD process conditions were determined to be at a shelf temperature of 25℃ with a minimum overall drying time of 44 h. The vaccine samples prepared using these optimized conditions at laboratory-scale exhibited virus titer losses of ≤ 1.0 log10 with residual moisture content (RMC) below 3%. Furthermore, these samples were transported for 97 days around China at ambient temperature without significant titer loss, thus demonstrating the thermostability of the NDV-VFD vaccine. Pilot-scale testing of the NDV-VFD vaccine at optimized conditions showed promising results for up-scaling the process as the RMC was below 3%. However, the virus titer loss was slightly above 1.0 log10 (approximately 1.1 log10). Therefore, the NDV-VFD process requires further optimization at pilot scale to obtain a titer loss of ≤ 1.0 log10. Results from this study provide important guidance for possible industrialization of NDV-VFD vaccine in the future. KEY POINTS: • The process optimization and scale-up test of thermostable NDV vaccine prepared through VFD is reported for the first time in this study. • The live attenuated NDV-VFD vaccine maintained thermostability for 97 days during long distance transportation in summer without cold chain conditions. • The optimized NDV-VFD vaccine preparations evaluated at pilot-scale maintained acceptable levels of infectivity after preservation at 37℃ for 90 days, which demonstrated the feasibility of the vaccine for industrialization.

Systematic Analysis of Zinc Finger-Homeodomain Transcription Factors (ZF-HDs) in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.).

Zinc finger-homeodomain transcription factors (ZF-HDs) are pivotal in regulating plant growth, development, and diverse stress responses. In this study, we found 8 ZF-HD genes in barley genome. Theses eight HvZF-HD genes were located on five chromosomes, and classified into ZHD and MIF subfamily. The collinearity, gene structure, conserved motif, and cis-elements of HvZF-HD genes were also analyzed. Real-time PCR results suggested that the expression of HvZF-HD4, HvZF-HD6, HvZF-HD7 and HvZF-HD8 were up-regulated after hormones (ABA, GA3 and MeJA) or PEG treatments, especially HvZF-HD6 was significantly induced. These results provide useful information of ZF-HD genes to future study aimed at barley breeding.

Effectiveness of a Teach-Back Education Program on Perioperative Pain in Patients With Lung Cancer: An Intervention Study Using Behavior Change Wheel.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of a teach-back educational intervention using Behavior Change Wheel (BCW) framework on perioperative pain among patients with lung cancer. METHODS: A prospective quasi-experimental study was conducted in 88 patients with lung cancer from a tertiary hospital in China. According to the order of admission, they were allocated to either control group or intervention group, with 44 patients in each group. Patients in the control group received routine nursing care, while patients in the intervention group were given a teach-back education program based on BCW framework. The visual analog scale (VAS) was adopted to evaluate patients' pain on the day of surgery (T0), 1 (T1), 2 (T2), and 3 (T3) days after surgery. We also recorded the use of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), the length of hospital stay, and the degree of patients' satisfaction. RESULTS: Rest pain, pain when coughing, and pain during activity that patients in the intervention group experienced were significantly less severe than those in the control group on T0 and T1. The pain when coughing in the intervention group was also significantly milder on T2 and T3. In addition, the number of self-control time, use duration, and total dose of PCA were significantly lower in the intervention group. Moreover, patients' satisfaction of nursing service was significantly higher in the intervention group. CONCLUSION: A teach-back education program based on BCW framework was effective in pain management among the perioperative patients with lung cancer. This study demonstrates the application of teach-back method and the BCW in the development of patient education intervention to mitigate perioperative pain.

Cerebral Protection of Intraoperative Infusion of Dexmedetomidine in Patients with Chronic Cerebrovascular Stenosis Undergoing Endovascular Interventional Therapies: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: To investigate the cerebral protective effect of intraoperative dexmedetomidine infusion on patients with chronic cerebral vascular stenosis receiving endovascular interventional therapy. METHODS: Sixty patients with carotid artery or cerebral artery stenosis or occlusion stenting under elective general anesthesia were divided into dexmedetomidine group (group D) and normal saline group (group N). Group D was given dexmedetomidine loading dose 1.0 µg/kg after peripheral vein opening for 10 min, and then adjusted infusion rate to 0.5 µg/kg/h until stopped 30 min before end. RESULTS: At 7 days after operation, the contents of S100ß, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in group D were apparently lower than those in group N (P < 0.05), while the contents of IL-1ß and tumor necrosis factor-α in 2 groups showed no statistical significance (P > 0.05). Additionally, at 4 days and 7 days after operation, the scores of Mini-Mental State Scale (MMSE) and Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) in group D were significantly higher than those in group N (P < 0.05). Thirty days after surgery, the cerebral hemodynamic indexes (relative mean transit time, relative time to peak) in group D were significantly improved, and obviously better than those in group N (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The S-100ß, NSE, and inflammatory mediator IL-6 in group D were significantly decreased compared with group N, the MMSE and WMS cognitive function scores, and the cerebral blood perfusion were apparently improved in group D, clarifying dexmedetomidine has protective effect on nerve tissue injury by inhibiting inflammation.

[Current Status and New Drugs Progress in the Treatment of Relapsed and Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia--Review].

The overall therapeutic outcome of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is poor, and relapse and refractory are the main reasons for treatment failure. Leukemia cells of relapsed and refractory AML (R/R-AML) patients are usually resistant to conventional chemotherapy, and new treatment regimens are urgently needed to further improve the survival rate and prolong the survival time of these patients.There are no recommended unified treatment regimens other than entering clinical trials.At present,the main options are salvage chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and HSCT is the only possible cure for R/R-AML, but the prognosis of most of these patients is still poor.In recent years,the treatment status of AML has progressed rapidly, and the new therapies are emerging, many new drugs have become the research focus. Some progress has been made in improving chemosensitivity and overcoming chemoresistance by combining the new drugs with the original chemotherapeutic drugs, which provide a new treatment option and improve the overall prognosis for R/R-AML patients. This article will review the current treatment status and the latest progress in new drug research of R/R-AML.

Vacuum Foam Drying Method Improved the Thermal Stability and Long-Term Shelf Life of a Live Attenuated Newcastle Disease Virus Vaccine.

Vaccines used for managing Newcastle disease virus (NDV) rely heavily on cold chain, and this results in major constraints in their successful application, shipping, and storage. This study was undertaken to improve the thermotolerance properties of live attenuated NDV vaccines using vacuum foam drying (VFD) technology. The live attenuated NDV vaccine formulated in 15% trehalose, 2.5% gelatin, 0.05% pluronic, and 25 mmol/L potassium phosphate buffer (T5) and dried using VFD showed improved heat tolerance in comparison to the vaccine formulated in T5 as well, but dried using freeze-drying (FD) method. The T5-formulated VFD vaccine was stored at 37°C for 120 days, 45°C for 7 days, and 60°C for 3 days; the virus titer loss decreased by no more than 1.0 Log10. In contrast, the FD vaccine prepared in T5 could only be stored at 37°C for 7-10 days. Furthermore, the T5-formulated NDV-VFD vaccine remained infectious when heated at 100°C for 30 min. Shelf-life studies confirmed the improved thermal tolerance of the T5-formulated NDV-VFD vaccine since it could be stably stored at 2-8°C for 42 months and 25°C for 15 months. Moreover, immunization of 1-month-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens with the T5-formulated NDV-VFD vaccine stored at 25 and 37°C could produce hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody levels comparable to those of commercial NDV-FD vaccines, which require strict adherence to the cold chain. In conclusion, not only did the VFD technology improve the thermostability and long-term shelf life of the vaccine, it also maintained its immunogenicity.

[Application of two noninvasive scores in predicting the risk of respiratory failure in full-term neonates: a comparative analysis]. / ä¸¤ç§æ— åˆ›è¯„åˆ†æ³•åœ¨è¶³æœˆæ–°ç”Ÿå„¿å‘¼å¸è¡°ç«­é£Žé™©é¢„æµ‹ä¸­çš„åº”ç”¨æ¯”è¾ƒ.

OBJECTIVES: To study the value of Silverman-Anderson score versus Downes score in predicting respiratory failure in full-term neonates. METHODS: The convenience sampling method was used to select the full-term neonates with lung diseases who were hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit from July 2020 to July 2021. According to the diagnostic criteria for neonatal respiratory failure, they were divided into a respiratory failure group (65 neonates) and a non-respiratory failure group (363 neonates). Silverman-Anderson score and Downes score were used for evaluation. The receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to compare the value of the two noninvasive scores in predicting respiratory failure in full-term neonates. RESULTS: Among the 428 full-term neonates, 65 (15.2%) had respiratory failure. The Silverman-Anderson score had a significantly shorter average time spent on evaluation than the Downes score [(90±8) seconds vs (150±13) seconds; P<0.001]. The respiratory failure group had significantly higher points in both the Silverman-Anderson and Downes scores than the non-respiratory failure group (P<0.001). The Silverman-Anderson score had an AUC of 0.876 for predicting respiratory failure, with a sensitivity of 0.908, a specificity of 0.694, and a Youden index of 0.602 at the optimal cut-off value of 4.50 points. The Downes score had an AUC of 0.918 for predicting respiratory failure, with a sensitivity of 0.723, a specificity of 0.953, and a Youden index of 0.676 at the optimal cut-off value of 6.00 points. The Downes score had significantly higher AUC for predicting respiratory failure than the Silverman-Anderson score (P=0.026). CONCLUSIONS: Both Silverman-Anderson and Downes scores can predict the risk of respiratory failure in full-term neonates. The Silverman-Anderson score requires a shorter time for evaluation, while the Downes score has higher prediction efficiency. It is recommended to use Downes score with higher prediction efficiency in general evaluation, and the Silverman-Anderson score requiring a shorter time for evaluation can be used in emergency.