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Transition-metal sulfide is considered to be an admirable transformational electrode material due to low cost, large specific capacity, and good reversibility in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Herein, the reduced graphene oxide-wrapped open bimetallic sulfide (NiS2-Co3S4@rGO) nanocage, derived from nickel-cobalt Prussian blue, was obtained by two-step calcination. There are luxuriant pore structures in the nanocage composite with a specific surface area of 85.28 m2 g-1, which provides plentiful paths for rapid transmission of Li+/Na+ and alleviates the volume stress caused by insertion and extraction of alkali metal ions. The excellent interface combination of bimetallic sulfide wrapped in reduced graphene oxide improves the conductivity and overall performance of the battery. Thanks to the special interface engineering, the open NiS2-Co3S4@rGO nanocage composite displays rapid lithium storage properties with an average diffusion coefficient of 8.5 × 10-13 cm2 s-1. Moreover, after 300 cycles, the reversible capacity of the composite is 1113.2 mAh g-1 at 1 A g-1. In SIBs, the capacity of the open NiS2-Co3S4@rGO composite is 487.9 mAh g-1 when the current density is 5 A g-1. These preeminent performances demonstrate the enormous development prospects of bimetallic sulfide nanocage as anode material in LIBs and SIBs.
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The slow reaction kinetics and severe shuttle effect of lithium polysulfide make Li-S battery electrochemical performance difficult to meet the demands of large electronic devices such as electric vehicles. Based on this, an electrocatalyst constructed by metal phase material (MoS2) and semiconductor phase material (SnS2) with ohmic contact is designed for inhibiting the dissolution of lithium polysulfide with improving the reaction kinetics. According to the density-functional theory calculations, it is found that the heterostructured samples with ohmic contacts can effectively reduce the reaction-free energy of lithium polysulfide to accelerate the sulfur redox reaction, in addition to the excellent electron conduction to reduce the overall activation energy. The metallic sulfide can add more sulfophilic sites to promote the capture of polysulfide. Thanks to the ohmic contact design, the carbon nanotube-MoS2-SnS2 achieved a specific capacity of 1437.2 mAh g-1 at 0.1 C current density and 805.5 mAh g-1 after 500 cycles at 1 C current density and is also tested as a pouch cell, which proves to be valuable for practical applications. This work provides a new idea for designing an advanced and efficient polysulfide catalyst based on ohmic contact.
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Phosphate-based electrolyte propels the advanced battery system with high safety. Unfortunately, restricted by poor electrochemical stability, it is difficult to be compatible with advanced lithium metal anodes and Ni-rich cathodes. To alleviate these issues, the study has developed a phosphate-based localized high-concentration electrolyte with a nitrate-driven solvation structure, and the nitrate-derived N-rich inorganic interface shows excellent performance in stabilizing the LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) cathode interface and modulating the lithium deposition morphology on the anode. The results show that the Li|| NCM811 cell has exceptional long-cycle stability of >80% capacity retention after 800 cycles at 4.3 V, 1 C. A more prominent capacity retention rate of 93.3% after 200 cycles can be reached with the high voltage of 4.5 V. While being compatible with the phosphate-based electrolyte with good flame retardancy and the good electrochemical stability of Ni-rich lithium metal battery (LMBs) systems, the present work expands the construction of anion-rich solvation structures, which is expected to promote the development of the high-performance LMBs with safety.
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The localized high-concentration electrolyte (LHCE) propels the advanced high-voltage battery system. Sulfone-based LHCE is a transformative direction compatible with high energy density and high safety. In this work, the application of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulphonyl)imide and lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) in the LHCE system constructed from sulfolane and 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether (TTE) is investigated. The addition of diluent causes an increase of contact ion pairs and ionic aggregates in the solvation cluster and an acceptable quantity of free solvent molecules. A small amount of LiFSI as an additive can synergistically decompose with TTE on the cathode and participate in the construction of both electrode interfaces. The designed electrolyte helps the Ni-rich system to cycle firmly at a high voltage of 4.5 V. Even with high mass load and lean electrolyte, it can keep a reversible specific capacity of 91.5% after 50 cycles. The constructed sulfone-based electrolyte system exhibits excellent thermal stability far beyond the commercial electrolytes. Further exploration of in-situ gelation has led to a quick conversion of the designed liquid electrolyte to the gel state, accompanied by preserved stability, which provides a direction for the synergistic development of LHCE with gel electrolytes.
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BACKGROUND: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF 1) is an autosomal-dominant tumor predisposition genetic disease affecting approximately 1 in 3000 live births. The condition could present various manifestations ranging from skin abnormalities to neurological tumors. The musculoskeletal system could also be frequently affected, and scoliosis is the most common orthopedic manifestation. Characterized by the early-onset and rapid progression tendency, NF 1-related dystrophic scoliosis presented discrepancies from idiopathic scoliosis in terms of natural history, clinical features, and management outcomes and thus required special attention. In the current study, the authors conducted a systemic review to outline the body of evidence of the natural history, clinical characteristics, surgical outcomes, and surgical complications of NF 1-induced scoliosis, aiming to provide an elucidative insight into this condition. METHOD: Systemic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the latest Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The search was performed in Medline, Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection up to December 27, 2022, using related keywords. Clinical features such as frequencies, segmental involvement, and hereditary information were summarized and described qualitatively. Meta-analysis was conducted using R software and the 'meta' package to yield an overall outcome of efficacy and safety of surgical management, precisely, spinal fusion procedure and growing rods procedure. Corrective rate of Cobb angle, sagittal kyphosis angle, and T1-S1 length post-operative and at the last follow-up was used to evaluate the efficacy, and the occurrence of surgery-related complications was used to evaluate the safety. RESULT: A total of 37 articles involving 1023 patients were included. Approximately 26.6% of the NF 1 patients would present with scoliosis. Patients tend to develop scoliosis at an earlier age. The thoracic part turned out to be the most affected segment. No obvious correlation between scoliosis and genotype or hereditary type was observed. Both spinal fusion and growing rod surgery have shown acceptable treatment outcomes, with spinal fusion demonstrating better performance in terms of effectiveness and safety. The growing rods technique seemed to allow a better lengthening of the spine. The mainstay post-operative complications were implant-related complications but could be managed with limited revision surgery. Severe neurological deficits were rarely reported. CONCLUSION: Scoliosis, especially the subtype characterized by dystrophic bony changes, is a significant orthopedic manifestation of NF1. It has an early onset, a tendency to persistently and rapidly progress, and is challenging to deal with. The current review outlines the available evidence from the perspective of natural history, clinical features, and the treatment efficacy and safety of the mainstay surgical options. Patients with NF1 scoliosis will benefit from a better understanding of the disease and evidence based treatment strategies.
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Neurofibromatosis 1 , Escoliosis , Humanos , Escoliosis/cirugía , Escoliosis/etiología , Neurofibromatosis 1/cirugía , Neurofibromatosis 1/complicaciones , Fusión Vertebral/métodos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Solid-state batteries have become the most anticipated option for compatibility with high-energy density and safety. In situ polymerization, a novel strategy for the construction of solid-state systems, has extended its application from solid polymer electrolyte systems to other solid-state systems. This review summarizes the application of in situ polymerization strategies in solid-state batteries, which covers the construction of polymer, the formation of the electrolyte system, and the design of the full cell. For the polymer skeleton, multiple components and structures are being chosen. In the construction of solid polymer electrolyte systems, the choice of initiator for in situ polymerization is the focus of this review. New initiators, represented by lithium salts and additives, are the preferred choice because of their ability to play more diverse roles, while the coordination with other components can also improve the electrical properties of the system and introduce functionalities. In the construction of entire solid-state battery systems, the application of in situ polymerization to structure construction, interface construction, and the use of separators with multiplex functions has brought more possibilities for the development of various solid-state systems and even the perpetuation of liquid electrolytes.
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Background: Alpha-synuclein (SNCA) copy number variations (CNV) have been certified as a causative mutation in patients with familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD). Case: We report three SNCA duplication cases diagnosed as PD. Through whole-exome sequencing, we identified a de novo 4.56 Mb repeated region in one patient and a 2.50 Mb repeated region in familial PD with two patients. Literature review: In review of previous cases, we suggest that aggressive behavior is more remarkable in CNV4 patients. Meanwhile, frequency of cognition decline and dementia were slightly increased in CNV4 patients. We also illustrate a younger onset age in offspring than parent in familial SNCA multiplication PD cases. No difference was observed in disease duration between parent and offspring generation. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated the clinical and genetic characteristics in PD with SNCA multiplication and provided strong evidence for genetic anticipation. These results may be instructive for future disease diagnosis and genetic counseling.
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Based on the concentration data of seven heavy metal elements[As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Hg, Ni, and Cr(â ¥)] in the surface soil of a typical industrial park in northwest China, the characteristics of heavy metal pollution in the industrial park were analyzed, and the ecological risk and pollution were evaluated using the potential ecological risk index and the index of geo-accumulation. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) model and random forest (RF) model were used for quantitative source analysis, and the emission data of sampling enterprises and empirical data of the source emission component spectrum were combined to identify the characteristic elements and determine the emission source category. The results showed that the heavy metals at all sampling points in the park did not exceed the second-class screening value of construction land in the soil pollution risk control standard for construction land (GB 36600-2018). However, compared with the local soil background values, five elements, excluding As and Cr, were enriched in different degrees, presenting slight pollution and moderate ecological risk (RI=250.04). Cd and Hg were the main risk elements of the park. The results of source analysis showed that the five main sources of pollution were fossil fuel combustion and chemical production sources (33.73%, 9.71%, total source contribution rate of PMF and RF, respectively; the same below), natural sources and waste residue landfill (32.40%, 40.80%), traffic emissions (24.49%, 48.08%), coal burning and non-ferrous metal smelting (5.43%, 0.11%), and electroplating and ore smelting (3.95%, 1.30%). The simulation R2 of the total variable of the two models were above 0.96, indicating that the models could predict heavy metals well. However, considering the actual situation of the number of enterprises in the park and roading density, the main pollution sources of soil heavy metals in the park should be industrial sources, and the simulation results of the PMF model were closer to the actual situation in the park.
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BACKGROUND: Patellar tendon rupture after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a catastrophic complication. Although the occurrence of this injury is rare, it can lead to significant dysfunction for the patient and is very tricky to deal with. There has been no standard treatment for early patella tendon rupture after TKA, and long-term follow-up data are lacking. AIM: To introduce a direct repair method for early patella tendon rupture following TKA and determine the clinical outcomes and complications of this method. METHODS: During the period of 2008 to 2021, 3265 consecutive TKAs were retrospectively reviewed. Twelve patients developed early patellar tendon rupture postoperatively and were treated by a direct repair method. Mean follow-up was 5.7 years. Demographic, operative, and clinical data were collected. The clinical outcomes were assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) score, the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score, knee range of motion, extensor lag, and surgical complications. Descriptive statistics and paired t test were employed to analyze the data. RESULTS: For all 12 patients who underwent direct repair for early patellar tendon rupture, 3 patients failed: One (8.3%) for infection and two (17.6%) for re-fracture. The two patients with re-fracture both underwent reoperation to reconstruct the extensor mechanism and the patient with infection underwent revision surgery. The range of motion was 109.2° ± 10.6° preoperatively to 87.9° ± 11° postoperatively, mean extensor lag was 21° at follow-up, and mean WOMAC and HSS scores were 65.8 ± 30.9 and 60.3 ± 21.7 points, respectively. CONCLUSION: This direct repair method of early patellar tendon rupture is not an ideal therapy. It is actually ineffective for the recovery of knee joint function in patients, and is still associated with severe knee extension lag and high complication rates. Compared with the outcomes of other repair methods mentioned in the literature, this direct repair method shows poor clinical outcomes.
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BACKGROUND: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been shown to improve quality of life and reduce pain. High-flexion activities such as squatting, kneeling, and floor transfers are mainly listed as demanding tasks. Among them, squatting is an important position. AIM: To provide a new squat position classification and evaluate the different squatting positions of a series of patients after primary TKA. METHODS: From May 2018 to October 2019, we retrospectively reviewed 154 video recordings of the squatting-related motions of patients after TKA. Among the included patients, 119 were women and 35 were men. Their mean age at the index surgery was 61.4 years (range, 30 to 77). RESULTS: The median follow-up was 12 mo (range, 6 to 156 mo). We classified those squatting-related motions into three major variations according to squatting depth: Half squat, parallel squat, and deep squat. The angles of hip flexion, knee flexion, and ankle dorsiflexion were measured in the screenshots captured from the videos at the moment of squatting nadir. A total of 26 patients were classified as half squats, 75 as parallel squats, and 53 as deep squats. The angles of hip flexion, knee flexion, and ankle dorsiflexion all differed significantly among the three squatting positions (P < 0.001). In the parallel squat group, the mean knee flexion angle (°) was 116.5 (SD, 8.1; range, 97 to 137). In the deep squat group, the mean knee flexion angle (°) was 132.5 (SD, 9.3; range, 116 to 158). CONCLUSION: Among the three squatting positions, deep squat showed the highest hip, knee, and ankle flexion angles, followed by the parallel squat. With the improvement of squatting ability, the patient's postoperative satisfaction rate was also significantly enhanced. However, the different squatting abilities of the patients cannot be effectively distinguished from the scoring results (P > 0.05). Our squatting position classification offers a pragmatic approach to evaluating patients' squatting ability after TKA.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Ablación por Catéter , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Ablación por Radiofrecuencia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico por imagen , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patología , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/cirugía , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patología , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirugíaAsunto(s)
Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Embolización Terapéutica , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico por imagen , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patología , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/terapia , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patología , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Rotura Espontánea , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos VascularesAsunto(s)
Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Ablación por Catéter , Quimioembolización Terapéutica , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Ablación por Radiofrecuencia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico por imagen , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patología , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/cirugía , Humanos , Aceite Yodado , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: We aimed to analyze if the false acetabulum is a good indicator for determining femoral shortening. METHODS: We retrospectively included 102 patients with unilateral Crowe type IV developmental dysplasia who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty from April 2008 to May 2019. Based on the presence of false acetabulum, the 102 hips were further classified Crowe IVA group and Crowe IVB group. Radiographic measurement included the height of greater trochanter (HGT) preoperatively and postoperatively, which reflected the distalisation of greater trochanter (DGT). Harris hip score (HHS), limb length discrepancy (LLD), and complications were collected as clinical evaluation. RESULTS: Sixty hips were classified into Crowe IVA group, and 42 hips were classified into Crowe IVB group. Within Crowe IVA group, the proportion of hips treated with subtrochanteric osteotomy was significantly higher than that in Crowe IVB group (97% vs. 12%) (P < 0.001). The DGT in Crowe IVA group was also greater (67 vs. 32 mm) (P < 0.001). At last follow-up, both two groups obtained excellent clinical scores. There was no significant difference in postoperative LLD between the two groups (P = 0.001). Six dislocations occurred and three patients developed femoral nerve palsy, while all recovered in a year. CONCLUSION: The false acetabulum is a promising and good indicator for determining femoral shortening.
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Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera , Luxación Congénita de la Cadera , Acetábulo/diagnóstico por imagen , Acetábulo/cirugía , Fémur/diagnóstico por imagen , Fémur/cirugía , Luxación Congénita de la Cadera/diagnóstico por imagen , Luxación Congénita de la Cadera/cirugía , Humanos , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the predictive values of femoral proximal medullary morphology for the use of subtrochanteric osteotomy (STO) in unilateral Crowe IV developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). METHODS: Ninety four patients with unilateral Crowe type IV DDH (59 hips in STO group and 35 hips in the non-STO group) between April 2008 and June 2019 were enrolled. All patients underwent THA using the Pinnacle acetabular shell, ceramic liner and femoral head, the S-ROM stem with proximal sleeve. Three parameters on the standard anteroposterior hip radiographs were measured: the widths of medullary canals at 20 mm above the center of lesser trochanter (CLT)ï¼20 mm below the CLT and the isthmus. Canal flare index (CFI), metaphyseal canal flare index (MCFI), diaphyseal canal flare index (DCFI) were calculated. A S-ROM femoral stem was used in all patients during total hip arthroplasty (THA). RESULTS: The CFI and DCFI in the STO group were lower than those in the non-STO group. However, there was no statistical difference in MCFI between the two groups. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves shown that DCFI had the highest area under the curve (AUC), at 0.885. This was followed by the CFI, which had an AUC of 0.847. The AUC of MCFI was 0.579. The optimal threshold for DCFI was 1.44, which lead to a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of 0.771, 0.898, 0.869, and 0.818, respectively. For CFI, the optimal threshold was 3.28, resulting in a sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of 0.829, 0.729, 0.878, and 0.644, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The DCFI and CFI may be potent indicators in predicting the use of STO in unilateral Crowe IV DDH. The optimal threshold for CFI and DCFI were 3.28 and 1.44 and had good sensitivity and specificity for predicting the use of STO during THA.
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Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera/métodos , Fémur/cirugía , Luxación Congénita de la Cadera/cirugía , Prótesis de Cadera , Osteotomía/métodos , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
To explore the differences in pollution characteristics, sources, and health risks of PM2.5 carrier metals in urban and suburban areas in Beijing, daily PM2.5 samples were collected from Haidian and Daxing from June to November 2017 and the concentration of PM2.5 and 13 constituent metals were analyzed. The sources of these 13 metal elements were analyzed by positive matrix factorization (PMF), and the health hazards of a subset of 9 metals were evaluated using health risk assessment. The results showed that the concentrations of PM2.5 and 10 metal concentrations in the urban area including Cr, Co, Mn, and Ni were significantly different from those in suburban areas (P<0.05). The source analysis results show four key sources, although their relative contributions vary slightly between urban and rural areas. In urban areas, the main sources are motor vehicles (51.2%), coal burning (19.1%), dust (19.3%), and fuel oil (10.4%); in the suburbs, sources are motor vehicles (47.9%), coal burning (22.6%), dust (20.2%), and electroplating (9.3%). The results of the health risk assessment showed that all metal HQ values in the suburbs were less than 1, and there was no non-carcinogenic risk. Ni and Pb in urban areas, and Cd, Co, Ni, and Pb in suburban areas, do not present a cancer risk, while the R values of As (2.77×10-5), Cd (2×10-6), Co (1.76×10-6), and Cr(â ¥) (7.88×10-6) in urban areas and As (8.34×10-6) and Cr(â ¥) (4.94×10-6) in suburban areas present some risk of cancer.
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Contaminantes Atmosféricos , Metales Pesados , Contaminantes Atmosféricos/efectos adversos , Contaminantes Atmosféricos/análisis , Beijing , China , Carbón Mineral , Polvo/análisis , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Metales Pesados/análisis , Material Particulado/análisis , Medición de RiesgoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: According to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines, surveillance or adjuvant chemoradiation is recommended for patients with completely resected pT2-4aN0M0 esophageal carcinoma (EC). Due to this population's variant prognosis, we developed novel nomograms to define the high-risk patients who may need closer follow-up or even post-operative therapy. METHODS: Cases with resected pT2-4aN0M0 EC from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC) were enrolled in the study. The SEER database cases were randomly assigned into the training cohort (SEER-T) and the internal validation cohort (SEER-V). Cases from the SYSUCC served as the external validation cohort (SYSUCC-V). Overall survival (OS) and cancer specific survival (CSS) were compared between groups. Multivariate analyses were applied to identify the prognostic factors. Nomograms and risk-classifying systems were developed. The nomograms' performances were evaluated by concordance index (C-index), calibration plots and decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS: A total of 2,441 eligible EC cases (SEER-T, n=839; SEER-V, n=279; SYSUCC-V, n=1,323) were included. Age, sex, chemotherapy, lymph node harvested (LNH) and T stage were identified as the independent predictors for CSS. Regarding OS, it also included the prognostic factor of histology. Nomograms were formulated. For CSS, the C-index was 0.68 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.66-0.71], 0.67 (95% CI: 0.63-0.71) and 0.61 (95% CI: 0.59-0.63) for the SEER-T, SEER-V, and SYSUCC-V, respectively. For OS, the C-index was 0.69 (95% CI: 0.66-0.72), 0.64 (95% CI: 0.59-0.69) and 0.62 (95% CI: 0.61-0.63) for the SEER-T, SEER-V, and SYSUCC-V, respectively. The calibration curves and DCA showed good performances of the nomograms. In further analyses, risk-classification systems stratified pT2-4aN0M0 EC into low-risk and high-risk subgroup. The OS and CSS curves of these 2 subgroups, in the full analysis set or stratified by TNM stage, histology, T stage and LNH categories, showed significant distinctions. CONCLUSIONS: The novel prognostic nomograms and risk-stratifying systems which separated resected pT2-4aN0M0 esophageal carcinoma patients into the low-risk and high-risk prognostic groups were developed. It may help clinicians estimate individual survival and develop individualized treatment strategies.