Continued stepped care model improves early-stage self-report quality of life and knee function after total knee arthroplasty.

BACKGROUND: The Stepped Care Model (SCM) is an evidence-based treatment approach that tailors treatment intensity based on patients' health status, aiming to achieve the most positive treatment outcomes with the least intensive and cost-effective interventions. Currently, the effectiveness of the Stepped Care Model in postoperative rehabilitation for TKA (Total Knee Arthroplasty) patients has not been reported. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to investigate whether the stepped care model could improve early-stage self-report quality of life and knee function after total knee arthroplasty via a prospective randomized controlled design. METHODS: It was a mono-center, parallel-group, open-label, prospective randomized controlled study. Patients who aging from 60-75 years old as well as underwent unilateral primary total knee arthroplasty due to end-stage knee osteoarthritis between 2020.06 to 2022.02 were enrolled. Participants were randomized and arranged into two groups in a 1:1 allocation. The control group was given traditional rehabilitation guidance, while the stepped care model group was given continued stepped care. Hospital for special surgery knee score, daily living ability (ADL), knee flexion range, and adverse events at 1, 3, and 6 months after total knee arthroplasty were recorded. RESULTS: 88 patients proceeded to the final analysis. There was no significant difference of age, gender, length of stay, BMI, and educational level between the two groups at the baseline. After specific stepped care model interventions, patients showed significant improvements in HHS in 1 month (85.00 (82.25, 86.00) vs. 80.00 (75.00, 83.00), p< 0.001), 3 months (88.00 (86.00, 92.00) vs. 83.00 (76.75, 85.00), p< 0.001), and 6 months (93.00 (90.25, 98.00) vs. 88.00 (84.25, 91.75), p< 0.001) when compared with the control group. Similar results were also found in both daily living ability and knee flexion angle measurements. No adverse event was observed during the follow-up. CONCLUSION: The present study found that the stepped care model intervention significantly improved early-stage knee function and self-reported life quality after total knee arthroplasty due to knee osteoarthritis. Female patients and those less than 70 years old benefit more from the stepped care model intervention after total knee arthroplasty.

Analogous Chelation to Boost Utilization of Sb in Sb Nanoparticles and N-doped Carbon Composites for Enhancing Potassium Storage.

Antimony (Sb) is an attractive anode material for potassium-ion batteries (PIBs), but it suffers from aggregation during the charging-discharging process, thus causing embedded active sites and collapsed structure. The analogous chelation refers to the reaction in which the central nanoparticle is linked to the matrix through multiple coordination bonds to form a stable composite. This strategy can inhibit aggregation and maintain the nanosized structure of Sb, thus activating the utilization of Sb active sites and structural stability. Given the special position of nitrogen (N) in the periodic table of elements and the strong bond energy of Sb-N, the N element can serve as an intermediate to connect Sb nanoparticles and an intrinsic N-doped carbon network via strong Sb-N-C/Sb-N═C covalent bonds using analogous chelation. Herein, a hybrid material of Sb@CTF-NC is fabricated via analogous chelation. The Sb atoms exposed on the surface of Sb nanoparticles are used to chelate with the N-doped carbon for high-performance PIBs. The mechanism underwent ex situ characterizations. The calculation of density functional theory reveals that the increase of adsorption energy and reduction of the K+ diffusion barrier accelerate the electrochemical reaction kinetics.

Decellularized Amnion Membrane Triggers Macrophage Polarization for Desired Host Immune Response.

Appropriate regulation of immunomodulatory responses, particularly acute inflammation involving macrophages, is crucial for the desired functionality of implants. Decellularized amnion membrane (DAM) is produced by removing cellular components and antigenicity, expected to reduce immunogenicity and the risk of inflammation. Despite the potential of DAM as biomaterial implants, few studies have investigated its specific effects on immunomodulation. Here, it is demonstrated that DAM can regulate macrophage-driven inflammatory response and potential mechanisms are investigated. In vitro results show that DAM significantly inhibits M1 polarization in LPS-induced macrophages by inhibiting Toll-like receptors (TLR) signaling pathway and TNF signaling pathway and promotes macrophage M2 polarization. Physical signals from the 3D micro-structure and the active protein, DCN, binding to key targets may play roles in the process. In the subcutaneous implant model in rats, DAM inhibits the persistence of inflammation and fibrous capsule formation, while promoting M2 macrophage polarization, thereby facilitating tissue regeneration. This study provides insights into DAM's effect and potential mechanisms on the balance of M1/M2 macrophage polarization in vitro and vivo, emphasizing the immunomodulation of ECM-based materials as promising implants.

Coronavirus disease 2019-related myocarditis genes contribute to ECMO prognosis.

BACKGROUND: Acute myocardial injury, cytokine storms, hypoxemia and pathogen-mediated damage were the major causes responsible for mortality induced by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related myocarditis. These need ECMO treatment. We investigated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in patients with COVID-19-related myocarditis and ECMO prognosis. METHODS: GSE150392 and GSE93101 were analyzed to identify DEGs. A Venn diagram was used to obtain the same transcripts between myocarditis-related and ECMO-related DEGs. Enrichment pathway analysis was performed and hub genes were identified. Pivotal miRNAs, transcription factors, and chemicals with the screened gene interactions were identified. The GSE167028 dataset and single-cell sequencing data were used to validate the screened genes. RESULTS: Using a Venn diagram, 229 overlapping DEGs were identified between myocarditis-related and ECMO-related DEGs, which were mainly involved in T cell activation, contractile actin filament bundle, actomyosin, cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. 15 hub genes and 15 neighboring DEGs were screened, which were mainly involved in the positive regulation of T cell activation, integrin complex, integrin binding, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and the TNF signaling pathway. Data in GSE167028 and single-cell sequencing data were used to validate the screened genes, and this demonstrated that the screened genes CCL2, APOE, ITGB8, LAMC2, COL6A3 and TNC were mainly expressed in fibroblast cells; IL6, ITGA1, PTK2, ITGB5, IL15, LAMA4, CAV1, SNCA, BDNF, ACTA2, CD70, MYL9, DPP4, ENO2 and VEGFC were expressed in cardiomyocytes; IL6, PTK2, ITGB5, IL15, APOE, JUN, SNCA, CD83, DPP4 and ENO2 were expressed in macrophages; and IL6, ITGA1, PTK2, ITGB5, IL15, VCAM1, LAMA4, CAV1, ACTA2, MYL9, CD83, DPP4, ENO2, VEGFC and IL32 were expressed in vascular endothelial cells. CONCLUSION: The screened hub genes, IL6, ITGA1, PTK2, ITGB3, ITGB5, CCL2, IL15, VCAM1, GZMB, APOE, ITGB8, LAMA4, LAMC2, COL6A3 and TNFRSF9, were validated using GEO dataset and single-cell sequencing data, which may be therapeutic targets patients with myocarditis to prevent MI progression and adverse cardiovascular events.

Chlorogenic acid/carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticle-assisted biomultifunctional hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel scaffolds for burn skin repair.

Burns are a prevalent type of injury worldwide, affecting tens of millions of people each year and significantly impacting the physical and psychological well-being of patients. Consequently, prompt treatment of burn wounds is imperative, with oxidative stress and excessive inflammation identified as primary factors contributing to delayed healing. In recent years, there has been growing interest in in situ crosslinked multifunctional hydrogels as a minimally invasive approach for personalized treatment delivery. To address these, a photocrosslinkable methacryloyl hyaluronic acid hydrogel scaffold embedded with chlorogenic acid/carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles (CGA/CMCS-HAMA, CCH), was developed for the treatment of burn wounds. The hydrogel prepared degraded by over 50 % by day 20, demonstrating stability and meeting the therapeutic requirements for burn wounds. Leveraging the extracellular matrix-like properties of HAMA and the antioxidant capabilities of CGA/CMCS NPs, this hydrogel demonstrates the ability to locally and continuously scavenge ROS and inhibit lipid peroxidation, inhibiting ferroptosis. Moreover, hydrogels well modulate the expression of macrophage- and fibroblast-associated inflammatory factors. Additionally, the hydrogel promotes cell adhesion and migration, further supporting the healing process. Overall, this innovative approach offers a safe and promising solution for burn wound treatment, addressing drug breakthrough and safety concerns while being adaptable to various irregular wound types.

Flavonoid-rich sesame leaf extract-mediated synthesis of nanozymes: Extraction optimization, chemical composition identification and bioactivity evaluation.

Sesame leaves contain rich phenolic acids and flavonoids. However, their potential in nanozyme synthesis has not been investigated yet. Herein, we report the preparation of flavonoid-rich sesame leaf extract (SLE), composition identification, and its use in the construction of iron (Fe)-based nanozymes (Fe-SLE CPNs). SLE was obtained with an extraction yield of ∼14.5% with a total flavonoid content (TFC) of ∼850.85 mg RE/g. There were 83 flavonoid compounds in SLE, primarily including scutellarin, apigenin-7-glucuronid, narcissin, and hyperoside. Fe-SLE CPNs exhibited nanodot morphology with a hydrodynamic size of 79.34 nm and good stability in various physiological solutions, pH levels, and temperatures. The Fe-SLE CPNs were more efficient in the scavenging ability of reactive oxygen species (ROS) than SLE alone. Furthermore, a stronger anti-inflammatory effect of the Fe-SLE CPNs was shown by modulating the MyD88-NF-κB-MAPK signaling pathways. These findings imply that SLE-based nanozymes hold great potential for diverse applications.

Preoperative transthoracic echocardiography does not lead to decreased postoperative mortality but with increased time to surgery and length of stay in Chinese geriatric hip fracture patients.

PURPOSE: The present study aimed to investigate the influence of preoperative TTE on postoperative short-term mortality, surgery delay, as well as other economic and clinical outcomes in Chinese geriatric hip fracture patients. METHODS: This retrospective, matched-cohort study enrolled geriatric hip fracture patients (≥ 60 years) who underwent surgical interventions at our center between 2015 and 2020. The primary exposure was inpatient preoperative TTE. Demographic and clinical data that were reported as risk factors for postoperative mortality were retrieved from the medical data center as the covariates. The primary clinical outcomes were all-cause mortality at 30 days, 90 days, 180 days, and 1 year. Time from hospital presentation to surgery, length of stay (LOS), inpatient cost, frequency of cardiology consultation and coronary angiography (CAG) were also assessed. The propensity score matching (PSM) was performed in a ratio of 1:1. RESULTS: 447 patients were identified and 216 of them received a preoperative TTE (48.3%). After successfully matching 390 patients (87.2%), patients receiving TTE showed significantly higher 30-day mortality (6.6% vs 2.0%, P = 0.044). But no significant difference was found in 90-day, 180-day, and 365-day mortality as well as the 1-year accumulated survival rate. Receipt of TTE was also associated with significant increases in LOS (13.6 days vs 11.4 days, P = 0.017), waiting time for surgery (5.9 days vs 4.3 days, P < 0.001), and lower proportion of receiving surgery within 48 h (7.2% vs. 26.2%, P < 0.001). According to the multivariable logistic analysis, only ejection fraction (30 days, 90 days), aorta diameter (30 days, 90 days, 180 days, 365 days), left ventricular posterior wall diameter (90 days, 180 days, 365 days), aortic valve velocity (90 days) and mitral valve A-peak (90 days, 180 days) were association with postoperative mortality among the 17 parameters in the TTE reports. Besides, TTE has no influence on the frequency of preoperative cardiology consultation. CONCLUSION: Preoperative TTE does not lead to decreased postoperative mortality but with increased time to surgery and length of stay in Chinese geriatric hip fracture patients. The predictive ability of TTE parameters is limited for postoperative mortality.

Polystyrene microplastics disturb maternal glucose homeostasis and induce adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Pregnant women are a special group that is sensitive to adverse external stimuli, causing metabolic abnormalities and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Microplastics (MPs), an environmental pollutant widely used in various fields, can induce a variety of toxic responses in mammals. Recent studies verified an association between MPs and metabolic disorders. Our research built a gestational mouse model in which polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) of 1 µm size were consumed at concentrations of 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/L during pregnancy. Results indicated that PS-MPs induced placental malfunction and fetal growth retardation. Significant glucose disorders, decreased liver function, hepatic inflammation, and oxidative stress were also observed after PS-MPs exposure. The hepatic SIRT1/IRS1/PI3K pathway was inhibited in the 10 mg/L PS-MPs exposure group. Our study found that PS-MPs activated inflammatory response and oxidative stress by increasing hepatic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that inhibited the hepatic SIRT1/IRS1/PI3K pathway, ultimately leading to insulin resistance, glucose metabolism disorders, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study provides a basis for preventing environment-related gestational diabetes and concomitant adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Electrochemical Continuous-Flow Scholl Reaction toward Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons.

The preparation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by the Scholl reaction is typically performed by using superstoichiometric oxidants. Herein, we develop an electrochemical continuous-flow Scholl reaction to access PAHs that features a reduction in the use of supporting electrolytes and easy scale-up without changing the reaction conditions and setups. This reaction allows the synthesis of distorted PAHs containing three [5]helicene units that possess intriguing electronic and optical properties.

Inhibitory effects and mechanisms of phenolic compounds in rapeseed oil on advanced glycation end product formation in chemical and cellular models in vitro.

Sinapic acid (SA), canolol (CAO) and canolol dimer (CAO dimer) are the main phenolic compounds in rapeseed oil. However, their possible efficacy against glycation remains unclear. This study aims to explore the impacts of these substances on the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) based on chemical and cellular models in vitro. Based on fluorescence spectroscopy results, three chemical models of BSA-fructose, BSA-methylglyoxal (MGO), and arginine (Arg)-MGO showed that SA/CAO/CAO dimer could effectively reduce AGE formation but with different abilities. After SA/CAO/CAO dimer incubation, effective protection against BSA protein glycation was observed and three different MGO adducts were formed. In MGO-induced HUVEC cell models, only CAO and CAO dimer significantly inhibited oxidative stress and cell apoptosis, accompanied by the regulation of the Nrf2-HO-1 pathway. During the inhibition, 20 and 12 lipid mediators were reversed in the CAO and CAO dimer groups compared to the MGO group.

A luminescent organic cocrystal for detecting 2,4-dinitroaniline.

2,4-dinitroaniline (2,4DNBA), a significant hazardous chemical, is extensively used in industry and agriculture. The chemical accumulates in the environment for a long time, causing irreversible damage to the ecosystem. Currently, it is quite challenging to identify it by common analysis and detection techniques. Herein, a luminescent organic cocrystal (TCNB-8HQ) was prepared using 1,2,4,5-tetracyanobenzene (TCNB) as the electron acceptor and 8-hydroxyquinoline (8HQ) as the electron donor. The prepared TCNB-8HQ was used as a fluorescent probe with a fast and specific response to 2,4DNBA. This detection method possessed a linear range of 0.5-200 µmol/L with a detection limit as low as 0.085 µmol/L to detect 2,4DNBA in real samples with satisfactory spiking recovery. As revealed by fluorescence spectrum and UV-vis absorption spectrum, the detection mechanism involved competitive absorption between cocrystal material and 2,4DNBA. Moreover, the feasibility of the system was explored by preparing portable indicator strips for 2,4DNBA from organic cocrystal (TCNB-8HQ). This study not only provided an environmentally friendly gram-level preparation strategy to synthesize the fluorescent material but also investigated their application in chemical detection.

Maternal F-53B exposure during pregnancy and lactation induced glucolipid metabolism disorders and adverse pregnancy outcomes by disturbing gut microbiota in mice.

In the metal plating industry, F-53B has been widely used for almost half a century as a replacement for perfluorooctane sulfonate. However, F-53B can reach the food chain and affect human health. Pregnant women have distinct physiological characteristics and may thus be more sensitive to the toxicity of F-53B. In the present study, F-53B was added to the drinking water of pregnant mice during gestation and lactation at doses of 0 mg/L (Ctrl), 0.57 mg/L (L-F), and 5.7 mg/L (H-F). The aim was to explore the potential effects of F-53B on glucolipid metabolism and pregnancy outcomes in dams. Results showed that F-53B induced disordered glucolipid metabolism, adverse pregnancy outcomes, hepatic inflammation, oxidative stress and substantially altered related biochemical parameters in maternal mice. Moreover, F-53B induced remarkable gut barrier damage and gut microbiota perturbation. Correlation analysis revealed that gut microbiota is associated with glucolipid metabolism disorders and hepatic inflammation. The fecal microbiota transplant experiment demonstrated that altered gut microbiota induced by F-53B caused metabolic disorders, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and gut barrier damage. These results suggested that maternal mice exposed to F-53B during gestation and lactation had an increased risk of developing metabolic disorders and adverse pregnancy outcomes and highlighted the crucial role of the gut microbiota in this process, offering novel insights into the risk of F-53B to health.

First principles studies on the adsorption of rare base-pairs on the surface of B/N atom doped γ-graphyne.

Rare base-pairs consists of guanine (G) paired with rare bases, such as 5-methylcytosine (5-meCyt), 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmCyt), 5-carboxylcytosine (5-caCyt), and 5-formylcytosine (5-fCyt), have become the focus of epigenetic research because they can be used as markers to detect some chronic diseases and cancers. However, the correlation detection of these rare base-pairs is limited, which in turn limits the development of diagnostic tests and devices. Herein, the interaction of rare base-pairs adsorbed on pure and B/N-doped γ-graphyne (γ-GY) nanosheets was explored using the density functional theory. The calculated adsorption energy showed that the system of rare base-pairs on B-doped γ-GY is more stable than that on pure γ-GY or N-doped γ-GY. Translocation time values indicate that rare base-pairs can be successfully distinguished as the difference in their translocation times is very large for pure and B/N-doped γ-GY nanosheets. Meanwhile, sensing response values illustrated that pure and B-doped γ-GY are the best for G-5-hmCyt adsorption, while the N-doped γ-GY is the best for G-Cyt adsorption. The findings indicate that translocation times and sensing response can be used as detection indexes for pure and B/N doped γ-GY, which will provide a new way for experimental scientists to develop the biosensor components.

A guidance system for robotic welding based on an improved YOLOv5 algorithm with a RealSense depth camera.

Vision-based automatic welding guidance technology plays an essential role in robotic welding. A laser vision sensor (LVS) relies on manual intervention to guide the robot when near the workpiece, which reduces the autonomy of the welding robot and productivity. To solve this problem, a robot welding guidance system based on an improved YOLOv5 algorithm with a RealSense Depth Camera was proposed. A coordinate attention (CA) module was embedded in the original YOLOv5 algorithm to improve the accuracy of weld groove detection. The center of the predicted frame of the weld groove in the pixel plane was combined with the depth information acquired by a RealSense depth camera to calculate the actual position of the weld groove. Subsequently, the robot was guided to approach and move over the workpiece. Then, the LVS was used to guide the welding torch installed at the end of the robot to move along the centerline of the weld groove and complete welding tasks. The feasibility of the proposed method was verified by experiments. The maximum error was 2.9 mm in guiding experiments conducted with a distance of 300 mm between the depth camera and the workpiece. The percentage error was within 2% in guidance experiments conducted with distances from 0.3 to 2 m. The system combines the advantages of the depth camera for accurate positioning within a large field and the LVS for high accuracy. Once the position of the weld groove of the workpiece to be welded has been determined, the LVS combined with the robot can easily track the weld groove and realize the welding operation without manual intervention.

Chemical profile of phenolic extracts from rapeseed meal and inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase: UPLC-MS/MS analysis, multispectral approaches, molecular simulation and ADMET analysis.

Rapeseed meal (RSM) is the by-product of rapeseed processing that enriches phenolic compounds. However, the comprehensive characterization of its phenolic substances in terms of composition and potential activities remains incomplete, leading to limited utilization in the food industry. In this study, the phenolic profile from RSM (referred to as RMP) was identified, and their inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase were investigated. UPLC-MS/MS analysis showed that a total of 466 phenolic compounds were detected in RMP. The primary components were sinapic acid (SA), caffeic acid (CA), salicylic acid (SAA), and astragalin (AS). Multispectral approaches demonstrated significant inhibitory capacity of RMP against α-glucosidase with a half inhibition value (IC50) of 0.32 mg/mL, with a stronger inhibition compared to CA/SAA/AS (IC50: 4.0, 5.9, and 0.9 mg/mL) in addition to the previously reported SA, suggesting a synergistic effect. Both RMP and CA/SAA/AS altered the secondary structure of α-glucosidase to quench its intrinsic fluorescence. Molecular simulation results revealed that hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces primarily contributed to the interaction between CA/SAA/AS and α-glucosidase, as well as verified the stability of the binding process over the entire simulation duration. The ADMET analysis showed that CYP2D6 was not inhibited by CA/SAA/AS, which had no AMES toxicity, hepatotoxicity, and skin sensitization. This finding suggests the potential of RMP against α-glucosidase for the treatment of diabetes.

Selection of Reference Genes in Evodia rutaecarpa var. officinalis and Expression Patterns of Genes Involved in Its Limonin Biosynthesis.

E. rutaecarpa var. officinalis is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant known for its therapeutic effects, which encompass the promotion of digestion, the dispelling of cold, the alleviation of pain, and the exhibition of anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. The principal active component of this plant, limonin, is a potent triterpene compound with notable pharmacological activities. Despite its significance, the complete biosynthesis pathway of limonin in E. rutaecarpa var. officinalis remains incompletely understood, and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unexplored. The main purpose of this study was to screen the reference genes suitable for expression analysis in E. rutaecarpa var. officinalis, calculate the expression patterns of the genes in the limonin biosynthesis pathway, and identify the relevant enzyme genes related to limonin biosynthesis. The reference genes play a pivotal role in establishing reliable reference standards for normalizing the gene expression data, thereby ensuring precision and credibility in the biological research outcomes. In order to identify the optimal reference genes and gene expression patterns across the diverse tissues (e.g., roots, stems, leaves, and flower buds) and developmental stages (i.e., 17 July, 24 August, 1 September, and 24 October) of E. rutaecarpa var. officinalis, LC-MS was used to analyze the limonin contents in distinct tissue samples and developmental stages, and qRT-PCR technology was employed to investigate the expression patterns of the ten reference genes and eighteen genes involved in limonin biosynthesis. Utilizing a comprehensive analysis that integrated three software tools (GeNorm ver. 3.5, NormFinder ver. 0.953 and BestKeeper ver. 1.0) and Delta Ct method alongside the RefFinder website, the best reference genes were selected. Through the research, we determined that Act1 and UBQ served as the preferred reference genes for normalizing gene expression during various fruit developmental stages, while Act1 and His3 were optimal for different tissues. Using Act1 and UBQ as the reference genes, and based on the different fruit developmental stages, qRT-PCR analysis was performed on the pathway genes selected from the "full-length transcriptome + expression profile + metabolome" data in the limonin biosynthesis pathway of E. rutaecarpa var. officinalis. The findings indicated that there were consistent expression patterns of HMGCR, SQE, and CYP450 with fluctuations in the limonin contents, suggesting their potential involvement in the limonin biosynthesis of E. rutaecarpa var. officinalis. This study lays the foundation for further research on the metabolic pathway of limonin in E. rutaecarpa var. officinalis and provides reliable reference genes for other researchers to use for conducting expression analyses.

Dazomet changes microbial communities and improves morel mushroom yield under continuous cropping.

Morels (Morchella spp.) are highly prized and popular edible mushrooms. The outdoor cultivation of morels in China first developed at the beginning of the 21st century. Several species, such as Morchella sextelata, M. eximia, and M. importuna, have been commercially cultivated in greenhouses. However, the detriments and obstacles associated with continuous cropping have become increasingly serious, reducing yields and even leading to a complete lack of fructification. It has been reported that the obstacles encountered with continuous morel cropping may be related to changes in the soil microbial community. To study the effect of dazomet treatment on the cultivation of morel under continuous cropping, soil was fumigated with dazomet before morel sowing. Alpha diversity and beta diversity analysis results showed that dazomet treatment altered the microbial communities in continuous cropping soil, which decreased the relative abundance of soil-borne fungal pathogens, including Paecilomyces, Trichoderma, Fusarium, Penicillium, and Acremonium, increased the relative abundance of beneficial soil bacteria, including Bacillius and Pseudomonas. In addition, the dazomet treatment significantly increased the relative abundance of morel mycelia in the soil and significantly improved morel yield under continuous cropping. These results verified the relationship between the obstacles associated with continuous cropping in morels and the soil microbial community and elucidated the mechanism by which the obstacle is alleviated when using dazomet treatment.

[Application Status and Prospects of Precision Nursing Under the Concept of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery].

With the development of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), major breakthroughs have been made in this field of study. However, the research fields still need to be continuously expanded to meet the needs of patients. The concept of precision therapy is widely applied in the field of nursing. Under the concept of ERAS, practical studies of applying precision nursing for the perioperative period have already been conducted, exploring such issues as precision nursing assessment, precision nursing intervention design, precision risk prediction model, and information technology to assist precision nursing practice. Research findings have preliminarily validated the safety and effectiveness of applying precision nursing for ERAS in the perioperative period. Herein, we reviewed the reported findings of relevant research published in recent years and identified the following problems in the implementation of precision nursing under the ERAS concept, a lack of implementation standards, challenges concerning the the role of nurses, a lack of high-quality research evidence in the existing literature, and a relevant big data processing platform that China does not have and therefore cannot carry out data sharing, integration, mining, and utilization. We also made suggestions for effective improvement and discussed research prospects. In the future, multidisciplinary collaboration, translational medical research, and the development of various innovative tools are to be strengthened to help improve the quality and effectiveness of nursing care. We hope to provide reference for improving the scientific and targeted implementation of precision nursing for ERAS in the perioperative period.

CCR2 inhibitor strengthens the adiponectin effects against myocardial injury after infarction.

Little evidence demonstrated the effects of nitric oxide (NO) hydrogel with adipocytes in vivo. We aimed to investigate the effects of adiponectin (ADPN) and CCR2 antagonist on cardiac functions and macrophage phenotypes after myocardial infarction (MI) using chitosan caged nitric oxide donor (CSNO) patch with adipocytes. 3T3-L1 cell line was induced to adipocytes and ADPN expression was knocked down. CSNO was synthesized and patch was constructed. MI model was constructed and patch was placed on the infarcted area. ADPN knockdown adipocytes or control was incubated with CSNO patch, and CCR2 antagonist was also used to investigate the ADPN effects on myocardial injury after infarction. On day 7 after operation, cardiac functions of the mice using CSNO with adipocytes or ADPN knockdown adipocytes improved more than in mice only using CSNO for treatment. Lymphangiogenesis increased much more in the MI mice using CSNO with adipocytes. After treating with CCR2 antagonist, Connexin43+ CD206+ cells and ZO-1+ CD206+ cells increased, suggesting that CCR2 antagonist promoted M2 polarization after MI. Besides, CCR2 antagonist promoted ADPN expression in adipocytes and cardiomyocytes. ELISA was also used and CKMB expression was much lower than other groups at 3 days after operation. On day 7 after operation, the VEGF and TGFß expressions were high in the adipocytes CSNO group, illustrating that higher ADPN led to better treatment. In all, CCR2 antagonist enhanced the ADPN effects on macrophage M2 polarization and cardiac functions. The combination used in border zone and infarcted areas may help improve patients' prognosis in surgery, such as CABG.

Tissue residue distribution and withdrawal time estimation of trimethoprim and sulfachloropyridazine in Yugan black-bone fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus Brisson).

Black-bone fowl are different from ordinary broilers in appearance and are considered to have rich nutritional properties. However, the metabolism of therapeutic drugs in black-bone fowl remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the tissue residue depletion kinetics of trimethoprim and sulfachloropyridazine in Yugan black-bone fowl, after daily oral administrations for 5 days at 4 mg/kg bw/day trimethoprim and 20 mg/kg bw/day sulfachloropyridazine, and to calculate the withdrawal times. After consecutive oral administrations, the tissues (liver, kidney, muscle and skin/fat) were collected at each of the following time points (0.16, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 20, 30 and 40 days). A newly-devised LC-MS/MS method was used to analyse the concentrations of trimethoprim and sulfachlorpyridazine in target tissues. The results showed that sulfachloropyridazine was rapidly metabolised in broilers, and there was no residue in all tissues 3 days post-administration. The concentration of trimethoprim in black-bone fowl skin/fat is the highest, and its metabolism rate is low. After 40 days, the concentration of trimethoprim in skin/fat is still as high as 140.1 ± 58.0 µg/kg, exceeding the maximum residue limit. In order to protect consumers' health, it is suggested that the withdrawal time of TMP in Yugan black-bone fowl is 69 days.