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Atmospheric particulate matter is a wide-ranging environmental pollutant that can cause serious harm and poses a serious threat to public health. In this study, the near-surface particulate matter removal ability was quantitatively analyzed and compared for different land types under different pollution levels. The results showed that the concentrations of particulate matter 10â µm or less in diameter (PM10) and 2.5â µm or less in diameter (PM2.5) were higher in the morning and lower in the afternoon and that the seasonal variation was autumn > winter > spring > summer at a forest site. The diurnal concentration of particulate matter at a wetland site decreased continuously, with a seasonal variation of winter > autumn > spring > summer. The annual variation in the particulate matter concentration was higher in 2017 than in 2016 at both the forest and wetland sites. Forests remove particulate matter via plant leaves and root absorption, and wetlands rely on the enhancement of the relative air humidity to promote the absorption and accumulation of particles. For different air pollution levels, the deposition flux of PM2.5 increased with the pollution gradient. For the same air quality pollution level, the deposition flux of PM2.5 at the forest site was approximately 1.29 times higher than that at the wetland site. Data concerning PM10 in forests and wetlands are lacking. The results show that the deposition effect of the forest on particulate matter was better than that of the wetland.
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Contaminantes Atmosféricos , Contaminación del Aire , Contaminantes Atmosféricos/análisis , Contaminación del Aire/análisis , China , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Material Particulado/análisis , Estaciones del AñoRESUMEN
Due to human activity and global climate change, the Yellow River Delta, the youngest delta wetland in China, is suffering serious degradation. The study of hydrological connection provides new perspectives and technical support for the protection and restoration of delta wetlands. To quantify the interaction between the hydrological connection and the root-soil complex, the current study took dye-tracing experiments to examine the small-scale hydrological connectivity in soil where Phramites australis grew. The dye coverage was selected as the indicator of hydrological connectivity after preliminary analysis in this study. The main results were that (1) the strength of hydrological connectivity was negatively related to the microaggregates content, but had little to do with other soil physical properties; (2) there was a notable positive correlation between the indexes of thick root (D > 5 mm) and the dye coverage hydrological connectivity, while root biomass had little effect on hydrological connectivity; and (3) the influence of the microaggregate content dominated in the combined effect of the total surface area of the root (D > 5 mm) and the microaggregate content on hydrological connectivity in each soil layer.
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Hidrología , Humedales , China , Humanos , Ríos , SueloRESUMEN
Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) for early hypopharyngeal carcinoma and precancerous lesions.Methods:Data of 23 patients with early hypopharyngeal carcinoma and precancerous lesions who underwent ESD in Sichuan Cancer Hospital from December 2015 to May 2019 were analyzed.Results:A total of 23 patients with 30 lesions were enrolled in the study. All patients were male, with mean age of 60.3 years (ranged 47-72). Of the 23 patients, 13 had synchronous esophageal cancer, 3 had metachronous esophageal cancer, and 7 high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(HGIN) of the esophagus. The mean procedure time was 74 minutes. The en bloc resection rate was 100%. Pathological results revealed that 21 lesions were HGIN, 8 lesions were intramucosal carcinoma and 1 lesion had tumor invasion of the submucosa. Two patients had positive horizontal margin and 1 patient had positive vertical margin. The curative resection rate was 90%. No bleeding, perforation or dyspnea occurred during or after ESD.Conclusions:ESD is safe and effective for early hypopharyngeal cancer and precancerous lesions.
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Objective@#To evaluate the feasibility, safety and clinical value of endonasopharyngeal ultrasound-guided transnasopharyngeal needle aspiration (ENUS-TNNA) in the diagnosis of submucosal nasopharyngeal carcinoma.@*Methods@#Clinical data of 9 patients from Sichuan Cancer Hospital with submucosal nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing ENUS-TNNA between December 2013 and January 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The feasibility and safety were analyed. All 9 patients were all males with a mean age of (49.2±10.9) years.@*Results@#Needle puncture biopsies were successfully performed in all cases, and sufficient tissue sample for histopathological examination was obtained from each of the 9 patients. No major bleeding or persistent bleeding occurred during and after puncture procedures. There were 5 patients with undifferentiated nonkeratinizing carcinoma and 4 patients poorly differentiated carcinoma.@*Conclusion@#ENUS-TNNA is a safe, feasible and effective technique to provide a diagnosis of submucosal growth type of nasopharyngeal neoplasms, which has some clinical value.
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The infection by Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri Claparède, 1862 (Oligochaeta: Tubificinae) in humans is relatively uncommon. The present report is to describe an incidental human infection with oligochaetes in the nasal cavity of a Chinese man, a 25-year-old man residing in Zhangjiakou city, Hebei province, China presenting with nose bleed, severe itching, continuous sneezing, and rhinorrhea. A lot of oligochaete worms were found in the nasal discharge of the patient. The detected worms were identified as Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri (Annelida: Oligochaeta) based on morphological and molecular characteristics. This incidental L. hoffmeisteri nasal infection is the first case in China and indicates that oligochaete worms can be encountered in humans.
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Adulto , Humanos , Pueblo Asiatico , China , Epistaxis , Cavidad Nasal , Prurito , EstornudoRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the role of TNFα induced protein 3 interacting protein 1 (TNIP1) in the pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis (MG) among patients with thymoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From December 2014 to March 2015, 11 patients with MG associated thymoma (MGT) and 11 non-MG thymoma (NMGT) patients receiving thymectomy were selected. Thymus specimens were obtained during surgery, and peripheral venous blood samples were obtained before the surgery. For the MGT cohorts, peripheral venous blood samples were also collected at 3-6 months after the surgery. TNIP1 mRNA was determined with quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), and its protein expression was evaluated by Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>For both thymus specimen and peripheral blood samples, the levels of TNIP1 mRNA and protein in the MGT group were both significantly lower than those of the NMGT patients (P<0.05). For the MGT group, the levels of TNIP1 mRNA and protein of the peripheral blood samples have increased following thymus resection compared with before the surgery.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Reduced TNIP1 expression may have a role in the pathogenesis of MG for patients with thymoma. Thymectomy may help to recover the expression of TNIP1 among such patients.</p>
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Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Western Blotting , Proteínas de Unión al ADN , Genética , Metabolismo , Expresión Génica , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Genética , Miastenia Gravis , Genética , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Timectomía , Timoma , Cirugía General , Neoplasias del Timo , Cirugía GeneralRESUMEN
Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) for continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) in patients with severe trauma.Methods Sixty-four patients with severe trauma who needed to apply continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and were admitted into the department of critical care medicine in Tianjin Hospital from June 2013 to August 2015 were enrolled in the study.According to the patient's actual condition,they were divided into two groups:no anticoagulant group (29 cases) and RCA group (35 cases).The filter lifetime,after treatment the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT),acid-base balance,free calcium ([Ca2+]i) and serum sodium (Na+) concentrations,bleeding episodes were compared between the two groups.Results The average filter lifetime in RCA group was longer than that in no anticoagulant group (hours:50.7 ± 11.3 vs.4.9 ± 1.2,P < 0.01).After the end of treatment,the levels of APTT (s:30.7 ± 8.8 vs.32.1 ± 7.3),pH value (7.41 ± 0.09 vs.7.40 ± 0.07),[Ca2+]i (mmol/L:2.13 ± 0.20 vs.2.21 ± 0.17),and Na+ (mmol/L:139 ± 8 vs.141 ± 6) were ofno significant differences between the RCA group and the no anticoagulant group (all P > 0.05).The incidence of clinicalbleeding in RCA group was lower than that in no anticoagulant group [2.9% (1/35) vs.13.8% (4/29)],but the differencewas not statistically significant (P > 0.05).Conclusions RCA-CVVH is a safe and effective therapeutic method inpatients with severe trauma who need for CRRT,the stability of internal environment is not affected and no incidence ofclinical bleeding event is increased.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical efficacy and learning curve of thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy(TLE) in the treatment of esophageal carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of 350 consecutive patients with esophageal carcinoma undergoing TLE in the West China Hospital between February 2008 and October 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients in the early stage(n=150) were chronologically and evenly divided into three groups, and perioperative outcomes were compared between the three groups in order to evaluate the learning curve.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were no intraoperative deaths. Intraoperative complications occurred in 29(8.3%) patients. Thirteen(3.7%) cases were converted to open operation including 9 thoracotomy and 4 laparotomy. The mean operative time was 332.5(range 230-780) min and the mean blood loss was 160.8(range 15-4000) ml. The tumor free resection margins (R0) were completely in 333(95.1%) cases. The mean lymph nodes harvested was 21.6(range 6-42). The average length of postoperative hospital stay was 11.6(range 7-93) d. Postoperative complications occurred in 75(21.4%) patients, and 3(0.8%) patients died within 30 days after surgery. Compared with TLE 1 group, TLE 2 group presented shorter operative time, less blood loss, shorter postoperative hospital stay, lower postoperative complication rate, and more lymph nodes harvested(all P<0.05). Only blood loss was less in TLE 3 group as compared to TLE 2 group, and other perioperative results were found to be of no statistical differences between the two groups. There was no significant difference in 30-day mortality between the three groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>TLE is a technically feasible and safe procedure and provides comparable oncological outcomes with open esophagectomy, thus suggesting that TLE is an alternative approach in the treatment of esophageal carcinoma. A plateau of TLE skill can be reached after 50 surgical procedures.</p>
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Humanos , China , Neoplasias Esofágicas , Esofagectomía , Laparoscopía , Tiempo de Internación , Escisión del Ganglio Linfático , Ganglios Linfáticos , Tempo Operativo , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the safety and feasibility of extensive mediastinal lymphadenectomy during thoracoscopic esophagectomy in the treatment of esophageal carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of 125 patients with esophageal carcinoma undergoing thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy(TLE) in West China Hospital of Sichuan University between May 2009 and December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into 2 groups: non-extensive mediastinal lymphadenectomy group(non-extensive group, n=53) and extensive mediastinal lymphadenectomy group(extensive group, n=72). Perioperative outcomes of these two groups were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No significant differences were found in the time of thoracic operation, length of intensive care unit stay and postoperative hospital stay, postoperative complication and the overall mortality between the two groups. Compared with non-extensive group, extensive group showed less blood loss during thoracic operation [(140.6±62.1) ml vs. (167.7±69.2) ml, P=0.023], more thoracic lymph nodes harvested (12.2±4.2 vs. 9.0±4.1, P<0.01). Seventeen patients (23.6%) in extensive group were found to have positive recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph nodes, which resulted in upstaging of TNM in 7 patients(9.7%). The incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy was higher in extensive group as compared to non-extensive group, but the difference was not statistically significant (6.9% vs. 1.9%, P=0.240).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Extensive mediastinal lymphadenectomy during thoracoscopic esophagectomy is a feasible and safe procedure for esophageal carcinoma patients, which can increase the number of harvested lymph node and the accuracy of tumor staging.</p>
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Humanos , Carcinoma , Patología , Cirugía General , China , Neoplasias Esofágicas , Patología , Cirugía General , Esofagectomía , Métodos , Laparoscopía , Tiempo de Internación , Escisión del Ganglio Linfático , Métodos , Ganglios Linfáticos , Patología , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Objective To investigate the clinical distribution and the drug resistances of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAE) during past 3 years in the 1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, and to provide evidence for clinical treatment of PAE infection.Methods The isolated PAE strains from 2010 to 2012 in the 1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University were identified and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using the MIC and the KB method,and thus, the ward distribution and the drug resistance rates and the changing trend were respectively analyzed by WHONET 5.5 software, and statistically analyzed with SPSS 17.0 SOFTWARE. Results Within the three years, a total of 208 strains, 260 strains and 280 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated separately in 2010,2011and 2012. A total of 746 PAE strains were isolated in 3 years,in which the most common specimens were sputum (79.8%), followed by the throat swab (7.6%) and the urine (6.2%) . When it came to the ward distribution , ICU was the primary, which accounted for (32.4%), followed by the department of cadre sanatorium (27.7%), the department of respiratory medicine (12.2%) and the department of neurosurgery (6.8%) . Besides imipenem, Cefoperazone-sulbactam and aztreonam, the others were obviously in a decreasing trend in drug resistances. In 2010, 2011 and 2012, the resistances rates of imipenem were ( 65.2%) , ( 74.2%) and ( 69.5%) , respectively, the resistances rates of Cefoperazone-sulbactam were (48.0%), (48.7%) and (55.8%), and the the resistances rates of aztreonam were (72.2%), (78.2%) and (72.4%) . Amikacin,piperacillin-tazobactam,Cefoperazone-sulbactam were the most active antimicrobial agents against P.aeruginosa. Conclusions The PAE is an important source of infection, ICUs are the focus of interest for resistance monitoring and control. Antimicrobial resistance of PAE is fairly serious. Clinicians should select appropriate antibiotic therapy based on sensitivity testing.The therapeutic strategy should he adapted according to the local ecology of resistance to control the epidemic of the drug- resistance strains and hospital infection.
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A total of 6004 cases of acute poisoning with 532 kinds of related poisons from 63hospitals were analyzed.According to the classification of pharmaceutical,pesticide,chemical,animal,plant and other poisons,the numbers of poison categories were 217,148,61,34,36 and 36 kinds accounting for 40.8%,27.8%,11.5%,6.4%,6.8%,6.7% of total number of poisons respectively.According to the case count,they were divided into three groups of low,medium and high morbidity and their poison numbers were 462,59 and 11 kinds accounting for 86.8%,11.1%,2.1% of total number of poisons respectively.According to the types of poisons,they were divided into five groups of poisoning 1,2,3,4,5 years and their poison numbers were 320,91,34,33 and 54 kinds accounting for 60.2%,17.1%,6.4%,6.2%,10.1% of total number of poisons respectively.According to the time of poisoning,they were divided into three groups of 1-year,discontinuous and perennial poisoning and their poison numbers were 320,158 and 54 kinds accounting for 60.2%,29.7%,10.1% of total number of poisons respectively.
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BACKGROUND: These serial processes for forming male gametes are basically controlled by the programmed expression of a number of stage-specific genes. However, many aspects of the mechanisms of spermatogenesis have remained elusive because of a lack of suitable in vitro or in vivo models.OBJECTIVE: To screen genes involved in spermatogenesis, and to analyze its expression characteristics. METHODS: Testes cDNA samples from Balb/C mice of different postnatal days (4,9,18,35, 54 days and 6 months, respectively) were hybridized with mouse whole genome Affymetrix chip to screen the testis-ralated genes. The characteristics of the selected genes were analyzed by various bioinformatics tools. RT-PCR was used here to identify the expression of the selected genes in mice testis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The Affymetrix chip probe of mouse Tpap was graduated higher expression with developmental stages of mouse testis. The scaling hybridization signal intensities of the tested testis on days 4, 9,18, 35, 54, and 6 months of postnatal were 4.4 (Absent expression, A), 12.9 (A), 262.4 (Present expression, P), 1136.7 (P), 1617.5 (P) and 1128 (P),respectively. These results indicated that the expression of mouse Tpap wasn't detected on days 4 and 9, but was detected on days 18, 35, 54, and 6 months of mouse testis in our Affymetrix chip analysis. By combination with the RT-PCR analysis of mouse Tpap, we observed mouse Tpap began to express at the age of day 18 in mouse. Tpap is an age-dependent gene in mouse testis.The expression of Tpap corresponds to the appearance of spermatids of mice and indicates that Tpap may have an important role in male mammalian spermatogenesis.
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Objective To assess the therapeutic effect of garlicin on Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) of immuosuppressed rats. Methods The Wistar rats were injected intramuscularly continually with dexamethasone for eight weeks to establish the rat model of PCP. The rats were treated with garlicin, meanwhile control groups without treatment and with SMZ-TMP treatment were established respectively in PCP model. The efficacy was evaluated based on the lung weight, lung /body weight ratio and mean cyst number per 100 fields in lung print smear. Results The mean lung weight of the rats in garlicin is 1.73?0.17, lung/body weight ratio is 0.84?0.12, they are obvious lower than 2.31?0.35 and 1.25?0.35 of control (P
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Objective To explore the induced effects of colchicine in different concentration and times on Foeniculum vulgare polyploidy.Methods Seed germination rate and mutation rate,morphology of radicle induced mutants,chromosome number,tissue structure,and content and component of essential oil,which induced by colchicine in different concentiation and times were investigaled using the method of soaking seeds.Results The results showed that 0.13% of colchicine concentration and 24 h inducing time had the best induction on F.vulgare polyploidy.Compared to the control,the radicle of mutant was thicker,the chromosome number increased clearly,and the cell number in radicle manifolded distinctly.Among the four main components of essential oil,the contents of Dill apiol in anamorphosis radicle was a little lower than that of the control,but the contents of limonene,(E)-anethole,and camphene in anamorphosis radicle were all remarkably higher than that of the control after induced by colchicine.ConclusionThe content of main essential oil components in fennel mutant induced by colchicine is remarkably enhanced.The study provides the theoretical basis for the breeding of F.vulgare new varieties of high oil content.
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Objective To study the activities of the alcoholic extract from Fructus Polygoni Orientalis (EFPO) against antioxidation. Methods The peroxidation in homogenate of rat heart, liver and kidney was induced by ?OH generation system Fe2++ascorbic acid. Malondialdehyde (MDA) was determined by TBA colorimetric method. Superoxide (O-2) from zymosan-stimulated neutrophils of rat was measured by NBT reduction method. H2O2-caused hemolysis of erythrocytes was measured by spectrometry. Results MDA in homogenate of heart, liver and kidney of rat that induced by ?OH generation system Fe2++ascorbic acid was inhibited by 6.3, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200 ?g/L EFPO; IC50 of EFPO to MDA in heart, liver and kidney was 31.8, 32.5 and 40.2 ?g/L respectively and its dose-effect relation was of negative relativity and the relative coefficient was -0.886, -0.874 and -0.918 (all P
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Aim To study the synergistic effect and its mechanism of polysaccharide from Ligustrum Lucidum Ait(PLLA)and polysaccharide from Cuscuta Chinensis Lam (PCCL)on antisenility. Methods To observe the effect on immune organs and antioxidation systems of mice with senile model caused by D-galatose (D-gal) and meanwhile administered with PLLA∶PCCL 50 ∶50 mg or 50 mg ∶200 mg or 200 mg ∶50 mg or 200 mg ∶200 mg?kg -1?d -1 designed by orthogonal method. Results Thymus index and spleen index differently rose,MDA differently dropped,activities of SOD and GSH-PX differently ascended in liver and kidneys,LF differently descended in brain of mouse with senile model administered with 50 mg∶50 mg or 50 mg ∶200 mg or 200 mg ∶50 mg or 200 mg ∶200 mg?kg -1?d -1 PLLA ∶PCCL.The statistical analysis indicated that the combination of PLLA with PCCL yielded of notable or extremely notable reciprocal effect on the experimental index of antisenility. Conclusion The combination of PLLA with PCCL can yield notable synergistic effect on antisenility,the optimal combination of both drugs is PLLA ∶PCCL 50 mg ∶200 mg, its mechanism is probably connected with immunity inhacement,eliminati on of oxyen free radicals and active oxyen and antilipoperoxidation.