Delivering Resveratrol on the Buccal Mucosa Using Mucoadhesive Tablets: A Potential Treatment Strategy for Inflammatory Oral Lesions.

BACKGROUND: Resveratrol is a polyphenol that has gained momentum in therapeutics in the last few years. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we hypothesised that resveratrol could act prophylactically and/or treat inflammatory lesions of the oral cavity after being delivered by two different formulations of buccal mucoadhesive tablets (F1 and F2, which differed in terms of viscosity agents used). METHODS: This hypothesis was assessed through permeation studies, to verify diffusion of the drug through the buccal mucosa using a porcine model to predict human in vivo behaviour. RESULTS: F2 (tablet with less viscosity agent) presented better permeation than F1, but the amount of drug that crossed the mucosa was still low compared to the amount retained within it (35.90 µg found in the receptor medium and 15.63 mg quantified within the mucosa). CONCLUSION: This accounted for a local effect rather than a systemic one, which is desirable for local processes, such as oral mucositis, lichen planus, erythema multiforme, nicotinic stomatitis, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, among others. In this sense, resveratrol-loaded mucoadhesive tablets appear to be a prominent alternative to prevent and/or cure inflammatory lesions of the oral cavity.

Mechanical properties of NiTi and CuNiTi wires used in orthodontic treatment. Part 2: Microscopic surface appraisal and metallurgical characteristics.

OBJECTIVE: This research aimed at comparing the qualitative chemical compositions and the surface morphology of fracture regions of eight types of Nickel/Titanium (NiTi) conventional wires, superelastic and heat-activated (GAC, TP, Ormco, Masel, Morelli and Unitek), to the wires with addition of copper (CuNiTi 27ºC and 35ºC, Ormco) after traction test. METHODS: The analyses were performed in a scanning electronic microscope (JEOL, model JSM-5800 LV) with EDS system of microanalysis (energy dispersive spectroscopy). RESULTS: The results showed that NiTi wires presented Ni and Ti as the main elements of the alloy with minimum differences in their composition. The CuNiTi wires, however, presented Ni and Ti with a significant percentage of copper (Cu). As for surface morphology, the wires that presented the lowest wire-surface roughness were the superelastic ones by Masel and Morelli, while those that presented the greatest wire-surface roughness were the CuNiTi 27ºC and 35ºC by Ormco, due to the presence of microcavity formed as a result of pulling out some particles, possibly of NiTi4. The fracture surfaces presented characteristics of ductile fracture, with presence of microcavities. The superelastic wires by GAC and the CuNiTi 27ºC and the heat-activated ones by Unitek presented the smallest microcavities and the lowest wire-surface roughness with regard to fracture, while the CuNiTi 35ºC wires presented inadequate wire-surface roughness in the fracture region. CONCLUSIONS: CuNiTi 35ºC wires did not present better morphologic characteristics in comparison to the other wires with regard to surfaces and fracture region.

The importance of early diagnosis of large lipomas in the maxillofacial region / Importancia del diagnóstico precoz de los lipomas de células grandes en la región maxilofacial

Lipoma is a benign tumor composed of proliferation of mature fat cells interspersed by fibrous connective tissue, blood vessels and muscles, delimited by a thin capsule. Although it represents a mesenchymal neoplasm most common human body, are rare occurrences in the oral cavity. Presents clinical and histopathological variables that do not alter their prognosis. The pathogenesis is still uncertain, although some authors consider heredity and endocrine disorders as possible causes. Occurs with greater prevalence in obese people, although their metabolism is completely independent of the normal body lipid metabolism. The clinical diagnosis of oral lipoma is the view of a nodular mass, soft, asymptomatic, flat surface, without ulceration and limited growth. The continuing growth of the lesion may cause difficulty in chewing, speech, dental adaptation and change in facial aesthetics of the patient, requiring surgical excision of the lesion. The final diagnosis is by histopathological examination. Aims to present a literature review and clinical cases of a retrospective study of 61 cases of lipomas diagnosed in pathological service between 1978 and 2009, among the 10 573 reports during that same period. It emphasizes the special cases of large lipomas of the maxillofacial region, and the importance of early diagnosis of these lesions. A dental surgeon should be able to diagnose lipomas in an early stage in the maxillofacial area avoiding a massive growth of these lesions(AU)

El lipoma es un tumor benigno compuesto por la proliferación de células adiposas maduras entremezcladas con el tejido conectivo fibroso, los vasos sanguíneos y/o músculos, delimitado por una fina cápsula. Aunque representa un neoplasma del mesénquima muy común del cuerpo humano, tiene raras ocurrencias en la cavidad bucal. Presenta variables clínicas e histopatológicas que no alteran su pronóstico. La patogénesis sigue siendo incierta aunque algunos autores consideran que los trastornos hereditarios y endocrinos son causas posibles. Ocurre con una mayor prevalencia en las personas obesas, aunque su metabolismo es totalmente independiente del metabolismo normal de los lípidos corporales. El diagnóstico clínico del lipoma bucal está relacionado con una masa nodular, blanda, asintomática, de superficie plana, sin ulceración y de crecimiento limitado. El continuo crecimiento de la lesión pudiera crear dificultad al masticar, al hablar, en la adaptación dental y cambio en la estética facial del paciente requiriendo la escisión de la lesión. Presentar una revisión de la literatura y de los casos clínicos de un estudio retrospectivo de 61 casos de lipomas diagnosticados en el servicio de patología entre 1978 y 2009 entre los 10 573 informes hechos durante ese mismo período. Se enfatizan los casos especiales de lipomas grandes de la región maxilofacial y la importancia del diagnóstico temprano de estas lesiones. Un cirujano dental debe ser capaz de diagnosticar los lipomas en una etapa temprana en el área maxilofacial para evitar un crecimiento masivo de estas lesiones(AU)