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1.
PLoS One ; 19(3): e0299024, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38442097

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: There is evidence in the literature suggesting that high time spent in sedentary behavior (SB) can reduce the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) levels, an important neurotrophin that plays a role in modulating cognition, learning and memory. Children and adolescents usually spend many hours a day on SB, either sitting for a long time and/or using screen equipment. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to describe a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol on the associations between SB and BDNF levels in children and adolescents. METHODS: This protocol is guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols and was published in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews database (PROSPERO: CRD42023392246). The databases that will be searched are EMBASE, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, and PubMed. Cross-sectional and cohort studies conducted with children and adolescents (5 to 19 yr) that analyzed the association between SB and BDNF will be included in the systematic review. The characteristics of the studies, methodological aspects, and main results will be described. Then, the risk of bias (assessed by STROBE and Newcastle-Ottawa scales) and the level of evidence (assessed by the GRADE tool) from included studies will be evaluated. Sub-group analysis will also be performed. Two experienced reviewers will perform the studies selection, data extraction, and methodological quality assessment. CONCLUSION: This systematic review and meta-analysis will analyze the association between SB and BDNF in children and adolescents. The results will provide subsidies to better understand this relationship and will strengthen evidence-based practice for both health professionals and future researches.


Asunto(s)
Factor Neurotrófico Derivado del Encéfalo , Conducta Sedentaria , Adolescente , Niño , Humanos , Estudios Transversales , Metaanálisis como Asunto , Revisiones Sistemáticas como Asunto
2.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr ; 63(27): 8443-8456, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35491892

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine the associations of unprocessed red meat and processed meat consumption with cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality, and the dose-response relationship. METHODS: Published literature was retrieved through a structured search of 10 electronic databases: MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, LILACS, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Cochrane (CENTRAL), WHOLIS, PAHO and Embase, without language or year of publication restrictions. In addition, we searched the references of published studies. This systematic review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes: The PRISMA Statement. RESULTS: Twenty-one prospective cohort studies were included in the systematic review. The CVDs evaluated in the inserted studies were stroke, heart failure (HF) and coronary heart disease (CHD). Considering the heterogeneity found in the studies, for the meta-analysis, 9 articles were included. The results presented in the meta-analysis of the association of consumption of unprocessed red meat and CVD indicated that there was a significant association with total stroke incidence (RR 1.10; 95%; CI 1.01 to 1.19; p = 0.02). There was no association with Ischemic stroke incidence, nor CHD Mortality with consumption of unprocessed red meat. However, for Hemorrhagic Stroke Mortality the assessment in the consumption of unprocessed red meat showed an association of protection for women (RR 0.64; 95%; CI 0.45 to 0.91; p = 0.01). As for the results of the meta-analysis of the association between consumption of processed meat and CVD, they indicated that there was a significant association with total stroke incidence (RR 1.17; 95%; CI 1.08 to 1.26; p < 0.0001). There was no association with Ischemic stroke, nor with CHD Mortality with consumption of processed meat. Some studies that showed no association of risk, presented a significant linear trend dose response for the association of the consumption of unprocessed red meat (Bernstein et al. 2010; Nagao et al. 2012) or processed meat (Bernstein et al. 2012) and CVD. CONCLUSION: According to the results found in the meta-analysis, the consumption of unprocessed red meat and processed meat are associated with the incidence of stroke, however, no positive association was observed in relation to mortality from CVD. This systematic review and meta-analysis protocol was registered on the PROSPERO (number: CRD42019100914).


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares , Enfermedad Coronaria , Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico , Productos de la Carne , Carne Roja , Accidente Cerebrovascular , Femenino , Humanos , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/epidemiología , Dieta , Incidencia , Carne/efectos adversos , Productos de la Carne/efectos adversos , Estudios Prospectivos , Carne Roja/efectos adversos , Factores de Riesgo , Accidente Cerebrovascular/epidemiología
3.
PLoS One ; 17(8): e0270749, 2022.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35939430

RESUMEN

Several studies in animal models of intestinal inflammation have been performed with the aim of understanding the mechanisms of action of anti-inflammatory proteins and peptides that reduce TNF-α. In order to present the best targets, effects and strategies for the treatment of intestinal inflammation in experimental models, this systematic review (SR) aimed to answer the following question: what are the mechanisms of action of molecules with anti-TNF-α activity on the intestinal barrier? The SR protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, number CRD42019131862) and guided by the methodological procedures used for the elaboration of the SR. Articles that were part of the SR were selected considering the eligibility criteria according to the PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison/Control and Outcomes) and were searched in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE) and ScienceDirect databases. Twenty-five articles reporting studies in rats and mice were selected and the risk of bias was assessed using the tool from the SYstematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE). A descriptive synthesis of the results obtained was carried out. Based on the results, the anti-inflammatory molecules that reduced TNF-α acted mainly on the TNF-TNFR1/TNFR2 and TLR4/MD2 complex signaling pathways, and consequently on the NF-κB pathway. This improved the aspects of the inflammatory diseases studied. In addition, these mechanisms also improved the macroscopic, histological and permeability aspects in the intestine of the animals. These findings point to the potential of protein and peptide molecules that act on inflammatory pathways for medical applications with specific and promising strategic targets, aiming to improve inflammatory diseases that affect the intestine. This systematic review also highlights the need for more details during the methodological description of preclinical studies, since this was a limitation found.


Asunto(s)
Inhibidores del Factor de Necrosis Tumoral , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa , Animales , Ratones , Ratas , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Inflamación/metabolismo , Intestinos , Péptidos/farmacología , Péptidos/uso terapéutico , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismo
4.
Hum Resour Health ; 19(1): 30, 2021 03 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33676515

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Communication skills are essential for health professionals to establish a positive relationship with their patients, improving their health and quality of life. In this perspective, communication skills training can be effective strategies to improve the care provided by professionals in patient care and the quality of health services. OBJECTIVE: To identify the best available evidence on training programs in communication skills to promote changes in attitude and behavior or self-efficacy of health professionals. METHODS: Systematic searches were performed in eight databases, evaluating Randomized Controlled Trials and quasi-experimental studies with a control group, focusing on training communication skills for health professionals, who assessed self-efficacy or behaviors related to these skills. The phases of study selection and data extraction were carried out by two independent researchers, and the conflicts were resolved by a third. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane method. RESULTS: Eight studies were included in the review. Most programs lasted between 4½ h and 2 days, involved information about communication skills and the content was applied to the health professionals' context. Several teaching strategies were used, such as lectures, videos and dramatizations and the evaluation was carried out using different instruments. Improvements in the performance and in the self-efficacy of communication skills were observed in the trained groups. The RCT had a low risk of bias and the quasi-experimental studies had a moderate risk. CONCLUSION: Training in communication skills can improve the performance and self-efficacy of health professionals. Programs that approach the conceptual issues and promote the space for experiential learning could be effective in communication skills training for professionals. PROSPERO: CRD42019129384.


Asunto(s)
Calidad de Vida , Autoeficacia , Comunicación , Personal de Salud , Humanos
5.
Adv Rheumatol ; 61(1): 15, 2021 02 27.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33640020

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a clinically complex and challenging disease, that leads to skin fibrosis. Its most frequent complication is interstitial lung disease (ILD), which leads to a worse prognosis. In this situation, cyclophosphamide is considered the gold standard for its treatment, despite the controversies regarding its efficacy and toxicity. However, studies using rituximab (RTX) have shown that this drug may be a promising therapeutic option. OBJECTIVES: This paper objective was to analyze the scientific evidence on the RTX effects on SSc. METHODS: A systematic review (SR) was performed including clinical trials (CTs) on the use of RTX in SSc, published up to May 2020. The studies were identified through systematic searches in bibliographic databases using a predefined search strategy. The following databases were used: PUBMED, SCOPUS, SCIELO, LILACS, SCIENCE DIRECT, WEB OF SCIENCE, COCHRANE, WHOLIS, PAHO and EMBASE. Also, a manual search was performed. The methodological quality of the studies was determined using Jadad scale, Risk of Bias Tool (RoB 2.0) and Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies - of Interventions tool (ROBINS-I). A meta-analysis of the randomized CTs was performed, using Review Manager. RESULTS: Ten CTs were included in this SR. Of these, three were randomized and seven were non-randomized. Five showed a statistically significant improvement in forced vital capacity (FVC) at some time during follow-up. Regarding the skin, eight studies showed statistically significant improvements according toa the modified Rodnan skin score. The meta-analysis found positive effects of RTX in SSc, with a statistical significance for lung disease. CONCLUSION: Rituximab is a promising strategy for the SSc-associated ILD and cutaneous fibrosis treatment. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019132018.


Asunto(s)
Rituximab , Esclerodermia Sistémica , Humanos , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados no Aleatorios como Asunto , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Rituximab/uso terapéutico , Esclerodermia Sistémica/tratamiento farmacológico , Resultado del Tratamiento
6.
Medicine (Baltimore) ; 99(50): e23298, 2020 Dec 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33327257

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Good communication strategies are essential in times of crisis, such as the coronavirus pandemic. The dissemination of inaccurate information and the need for social isolation to control coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have shown a negative impact on the population, causing damage to mental health, with the appearance or worsening of symptoms of stress, fear, anxiety, and depression. Thus, the systematic review study is intended to gather evidence on the impact of information about COVID-19 on the mental health of the population. METHODS: This systematic review protocol is conducted using the guidelines of the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses protocols and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. The review aims to include published studies that address the exposure of the general population to information about COVID-19, through observational and experimental studies, which consider the following outcomes: fear, stress, anxiety, and depression. Thus, a comprehensive research strategy will be conducted in the following databases: PubMed / Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, Science Direct, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Two independent reviewers will perform all procedures, such as study selection, data collection, and methodological evaluation. Disagreements will be forwarded to a third reviewer. RevMan 5.3 software will be used for data analysis. RESULTS: This systematic review will provide evidence of the influence of access to and consumption of media and scientific information about COVID-19 on the mental health of the population. It will consider information about the characterization of the study and the population studied, clinical and epidemiological information on mental health, and data on access to and consumption of media and scientific information. DISCUSSION: The results should inform about the consequences of communication about the new coronavirus on the emergence or worsening of psychological and psychiatric symptoms, allowing to develop strategies to achieve effective communication of information to promote the mental health of the population. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER: PROSPERO CRD42020182918.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/psicología , Comunicación en Salud/métodos , Medios de Comunicación de Masas/estadística & datos numéricos , Salud Mental/estadística & datos numéricos , Ansiedad/epidemiología , Depresión/epidemiología , Miedo/psicología , Humanos , Pandemias , Proyectos de Investigación , SARS-CoV-2 , Aislamiento Social , Estrés Psicológico/epidemiología , Metaanálisis como Asunto
7.
Medicine (Baltimore) ; 99(44): e22915, 2020 Oct 30.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33126350

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The Pharmaceutical industry sponsorship, research outcome and quality has been already evaluated for clinical trials in order to analyze if this kind of sponsorship affects the results of clinical trials. In this sense, this study has the aim to investigate whether placebo use allows positive outcomes regarding efficacy and safety compared to synthetic medicines. METHODS: We designed and registered a study protocol for a systematic review for methodology data. We will only randomized clinical trials that use placebo as comparator. The main outcome will be the evaluation of placebo use regarding the tendency for positive results (efficacy and security) when comparing to synthetic medicines. PubMed, Cochrane, LILACS (BVS), Web of Science, Scopus, and Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE) databases will be searched. Gray literature will be identified through the databases Proquest (Dissertation and Theses), OpenGrey and Google Scholar. Two review authors will independently assess trial quality and will extract data in accordance with standard Cochrane methodology. If necessary, we will also contact authors for additional information. The Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool will be used. If feasible, it means homogenous data, we will conduct random effects meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses will be conducted for different justifications for placebo use and for studies sponsored/not sponsored by the pharmaceutical industry. RESULTS: Our present findings will indicate the effects of placebo use as comparator regarding efficacy and safety of the oral synthetic medicines. DISCUSSION: This systematic review will identify, summarize, and analyze if there is a trend for positive efficacy and safety results for synthetic medicines in clinical trials when compared with placebo and if the justification for placebo use is considered ethically acceptable. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42018110829.


Asunto(s)
Placebos/farmacología , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Exactitud de los Datos , Humanos , Metaanálisis como Asunto , Evaluación de Resultado en la Atención de Salud/ética , Evaluación de Resultado en la Atención de Salud/normas , Investigación Farmacéutica/ética , Investigación Farmacéutica/normas , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto/ética , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto/métodos , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto/normas , Proyectos de Investigación , Revisiones Sistemáticas como Asunto
8.
Medicine (Baltimore) ; 98(38): e17290, 2019 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31568013

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported that self-selection of the training intensity can be an interesting strategy to improve adherence in aerobic exercise programs. However, its effectiveness with weight training has not been systematically reviewed and remains unclear. In this study, we will describe a systematic review protocol that aims to investigate if people are able to self-select an intensity during weight training sufficient to enhance muscular strength. METHODS: This protocol is guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols. In this study, we will search the following electronic databases: PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science and SPORTDiscus. Intervention studies with at least one weight training session performed at self-selected intensity, with people from both genders and all age ranges will be included. The Downs & Black checklist will be used for methodological quality assessment. Two experienced reviewers will independently perform the selection of studies, data extraction, and evaluation of the methodological quality. CONCLUSION: This will be the first systematic review describing the results of weight training intervention studies with self-selected intensity. This study will provide high-quality and reliable evidence for health professionals and may direct methodological recommendations for further studies. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42019120323.


Asunto(s)
Entrenamiento de Fuerza/métodos , Autocuidado , Humanos , Fuerza Muscular , Resistencia Física , Autocuidado/psicología
9.
Medicine (Baltimore) ; 98(35): e16977, 2019 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31464944

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Nutrition is an important modifiable factor in combating overweight and obesity among adolescents. School has been indicated as an effective environment for influencing eating behavior; however, recent reviews assessing school-based interventions specifically for adolescents are scarce. Therefore, we propose the present systematic review with the aim to comprehensively review the quantitative and qualitative literature on the effects of school-based food and nutrition education interventions on adolescent health promotion through healthy eating habits. METHODS: We will search MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, Scopus, ERIC, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Cochrane, LILACS, and ADOLEC. We will include randomized controlled trials (RCT), non-RCT, and controlled before-after studies. Risk of bias will be assessed using the EPOC Risk of Bias Tool for RCT, Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool for non-RCT or controlled before-after, as well as the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) checklist for qualitative studies. We will analyze the overall strength of the evidence for each outcome using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) tool. Two independent researchers will conduct all evaluations and any disagreements will be consulted with a third reviewer. Data analysis and synthesis will be analyzed by the RevMan 5.3 software. We will conduct the study in accordance with the guideline of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses Protocols. RESULT: This review will evaluate the effects of school-based food and nutrition education interventions on adolescent health promotion through healthy eating habits. The primary outcome will be changes in adolescent food consumption. Secondary outcomes will be biological parameters (e.g., body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), body composition, etc); biochemical parameters (e.g., glycemia, triglycerides, total cholesterol, etc); qualitative evidences that support or explain the effect of school-based food and nutrition education interventions on adolescent food consumption. CONCLUSION: The findings of this systematic review will summarize the latest evidence of the effects of school-based food and nutrition education interventions on adolescent health promotion. The findings will be an available reference for school-based interventions and other further research. REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42019116520.


Asunto(s)
Dieta Saludable/estadística & datos numéricos , Educación en Salud/organización & administración , Promoción de la Salud/organización & administración , Servicios de Salud Escolar/organización & administración , Adolescente , Salud del Adolescente , Glucemia , Índice de Masa Corporal , Pesos y Medidas Corporales , Conducta Alimentaria , Humanos , Lípidos/sangre , Proyectos de Investigación
10.
Medicine (Baltimore) ; 98(28): e16445, 2019 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31305474

RESUMEN

BACKOGROUND: Evidence available in the literature suggests that physical exercise increases the release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in humans and may possibly be related to improvements in executive function. However, studies of this phenomenon in adolescents are still scarce. The objective of this work is to describe the protocol for a systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis of interventional studies aiming to determine the effect of physical exercise on BDNF levels and executive function in adolescents. METHODS: This protocol is guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) and by the Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews of Interventions. The databases to be searched are PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and CINAHL. Interventional studies conducted on adolescents with different exercise protocols and evaluations of BDNF levels and executive function in pre- and post-intervention periods will be included in the systematic review. The characteristics of the studies, participants, and main results will be described, then the evaluation of the risk of biases and the level of evidence obtained by the protocol will be assessed. The selection of studies, data extraction, and evaluation of the methodological quality will be performed by 2 experienced reviewers independently. CONCLUSION: The systematic review will present the effects of the practice of physical exercises on the BDNF and executive function levels. The results will strengthen the interventions with the focus on the brain health of adolescents through general orientations and the evidences described shall direct future research. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42018110683.


Asunto(s)
Factor Neurotrófico Derivado del Encéfalo/metabolismo , Función Ejecutiva/fisiología , Ejercicio Físico/fisiología , Ejercicio Físico/psicología , Metaanálisis como Asunto , Revisiones Sistemáticas como Asunto , Adolescente , Humanos
11.
J Sport Rehabil ; 28(3): 288-293, 2019 Mar 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29364066

RESUMEN

CONTEXT: Physical training improves the strength of upper limbs, contributing directly to the performance of activities of daily life, confirming one more time that the strengthened muscle is imperative for a rapid rehabilitation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the scientific implications of the impact of physical training on the strength of the upper limbs of people with paraplegias. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: The search strategy with truncations and Boolean operator was defined as: (spinal cord inju* OR traumatic myelopat* OR paraplegi*) AND (physical exercise OR strength training OR resisted training) AND (upper limb* OR arm OR armrest), for all of the databases. There were included experimental and quasi-experimental studies, published in the English language and with the complete text available, with at least 1 physical exercise that worked with the strength of the upper limbs. Two independent evaluators extracted from each article data on study characteristics (publishing year, country of origin, and study design), of the subjects (gender and age), and of the disability (level of lesion and cause). EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Seven articles were included in the systematic revision. The procedure used the most for measuring the maximum strength was the 1-repetition maximum test, followed by the isokinetic dynamometer and Quantitative Muscle Testing System. Furthermore, the most commonly associated variables in the included studies were pain in the shoulder, cardiorespiratory capacity, and functionality, respectively. The results showed that all of the variables improved because of the training. CONCLUSIONS: The training improved the strength, the functionality, and reduced the pain in the shoulder of the people with paraplegia.


Asunto(s)
Terapia por Ejercicio , Fuerza Muscular , Paraplejía/rehabilitación , Entrenamiento de Fuerza , Extremidad Superior/fisiología , Humanos , Dinamómetro de Fuerza Muscular , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto
12.
AIDS Care ; 29(8): 1041-1048, 2017 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28064511

RESUMEN

The aim of this descriptive study was to correlate the level of pain with the quality of life in 261 people living with HIV/AIDS. Mild pain/no pain was reported by 47.5% of subjects, 24.1% reported moderate pain, and 28.4% reported severe pain; pain levels were correlated with gender (p = 0.02), health status (p < 0.001), perception (p < 0.001), and stage of infection (p = 0.005). Being female represented a risk factor for moderate (p < 0.001) and intense pain (p = 0.004). Poor health represented a risk for moderate (p < 0.038) and intense pain (p = 0.005). Being young was a factor of protection for moderate pain (21-30 years, p = 0.046; 41-50 years, p = 0.023; and 51-60 years, p < 0.030). The low quality of life averages was identified and correlated with pain in all evaluated domains (p < 0.001). The risk factors for moderate and severe pain were a low level of independence (p = 0.004) and compromised social relations (p = 0.029), respectively. Psychological control behaved as a protection factor for moderate pain (p = 0.011), and bad physical domain proved to be a protection factor for severe pain (p = 0.007). The level of pain is a negative impact on the quality of life of people with HIV/AIDS.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por VIH/psicología , Calidad de Vida/psicología , Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida/psicología , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Enfermedades Transmisibles , Femenino , Estado de Salud , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Dolor , Factores Sexuales , Adulto Joven
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