Transcultural adaptation of the filial responsibility interview schedule for Brazil.

BACKGROUND: In developed countries, filial responsibility in relation to caring for elderly parents has been systematically studied. In Brazil and other developing countries, however, it is a relatively new topic and has not yet been included in the research agenda on ageing. OBJECTIVE: To describe the process of cross-cultural adaptation of the qualitative phase of the filial responsibility interview schedule into Brazilian Portuguese. METHODS: An expert committee of six team members participated in the study. In addition, individual interviews were held with 11 caregivers of older persons to evaluate the quality of the final Portuguese version of the schedule. The process included examining conceptual, item, semantic and operational equivalencies. Conceptual and item equivalencies were based on a literature review and on discussions with the expert committee. Semantic equivalence was attained through translation, back-translation, expert committee evaluation and pre-testing. The final version was pre-tested in caregivers of older persons enrolled in the home care programme of a primary health care service in Southern Brazil. RESULTS: Conceptual, item, semantic and operational equivalencies were attained. Through the interviews, responses to the open-ended questions concerning filial responsibility in the care for elderly parents pertained to the following categories: possibility of institutionalization of elderly parents, caregiver expectations, difficulties in being a child caregiver and responsibility as a natural process. CONCLUSION: The Portuguese version presented good semantic equivalence and the results showed that the concepts and items are applicable to the Brazilian context.

[What we have to prevent: negligence in the health care of children and adolescents]. / Conhecendo para evitar: a negligência nos cuidados de saúde com crianças e adolescentes.

The intra-familiar violence affects many children and teenagers as an usual familiar experience. In a theoretic study done aiming to bring contributions to prevent violence, including negligence, some elements emerge as essential of leading to effective help: knowledge, understanding and consequent reflection about its influencing and causing factors. Doing so, our professional nursing experiences as care givers led us to choose the ecosystem reference in its biological, cultural and contextual dynamics as presented by Barudy (1997), since we recognize it as appropriate to the social-economic and cultural conditions of a majority of the Brazilian families.