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1.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 108: 635-641, 2018 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29199126

RESUMEN

This study evaluated corn steep liquor (CSL) and papaya peel juice (PPJ) in mixture as substrates for the cultivation (96h, 28°C, pH 5.6, 150rpm) of Mucorales fungi for chitosan production, and determined the growth-inhibitory effect of the fungal chitosan (FuCS) obtained under optimized conditions against phytopathogenic Colletotrichum species. All Mucorales fungi tested were capable of growing in CSL-PPJ medium, showing FuCS production in the range of 5.02 (Fennelomyces heterothalicus SIS 28) - 15.63mg/g (Cunninghamella elegans SIS 41). Highest FuCS production (37.25mg/g) was achieved when C. elegans was cultivated in medium containing 9.43% CSL and 42.5% PPJ. FuCS obtained under these conditions showed a deacetylation degree of 86%, viscosity of 120cP and molecular weight of 4.08×104g/mol. FuCS at 5000, 7500 and 10,000ppm inhibited the growth of all Colletotrichum species tested. FuCS also induced alterations in the morphology of C. fructicola hyphae. CSL-PPJ mixtures are suitable substrates for the cultivation of Mucorales fungi for FuCS production. Chitosan from C. elegans cultivated in CSL-PPJ medium is effective in inhibiting phytopathogenic Colletotrichum species.


Asunto(s)
Antibiosis , Antifúngicos/metabolismo , Antifúngicos/farmacología , Quitosano/metabolismo , Quitosano/farmacología , Colletotrichum/efectos de los fármacos , Mucorales/metabolismo , Rastreo Diferencial de Calorimetría , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier , Termogravimetría , Difracción de Rayos X , Zea mays
2.
Molecules ; 19(3): 2771-92, 2014 Feb 28.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24590203

RESUMEN

Microbiological processes were used for chitin and chitosan production with Cunninghamella elegans UCP/WFCC 0542 grown in different concentrations of two agro-industrial wastes, corn steep liquor (CSL) and cassava wastewater (CW) established using a 2² full factorial design. The polysaccharides were extracted by alkali-acid treatment and characterized by infrared spectroscopy, viscosity, thermal analysis, elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The cytotoxicity of chitosan was evaluated for signs of vascular change on the chorioallantoic membrane of chicken eggs. The highest biomass (9.93 g/L) was obtained in trial 3 (5% CW, 8% CSL), the greatest chitin and chitosan yields were 89.39 mg/g and 57.82 mg/g, respectively, and both were obtained in trial 2 (10% CW, 4% CSL). Chitin and chitosan showed a degree of deacetylation of 40.98% and 88.24%, and a crystalline index of 35.80% and 23.82%, respectively, and chitosan showed low molecular weight (LMW 5.2 × 10³ Da). Chitin and chitosan can be considered non-irritating, due to the fact they do not promote vascular change. It was demonstrated that CSL and CW are effective renewable agroindustrial alternative substrates for the production of chitin and chitosan.


Asunto(s)
Quitina/biosíntesis , Quitosano/metabolismo , Cunninghamella/metabolismo , Manihot/química , Aguas Residuales , Zea mays/química , Animales , Biodegradación Ambiental , Biomasa , Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolismo , Quitina/química , Quitina/toxicidad , Quitosano/química , Quitosano/toxicidad , Medios de Cultivo , Termodinámica , Viscosidad
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