RESUMEN
RESUMEN Introducción: La osteogénesis imperfecta es un trastorno hereditario del tejido conectivo que condiciona fragilidad ósea y susceptibilidad a fracturas. Es una enfermedad sistémica con posibilidad de afectación esquelética y extraesquelética. Su cuidado es, por tanto, multidisciplinar y el papel de los profesionales de la pediatría es primordial. Objetivo: Aportar información sobre las características y el cuidado de la osteogénesis imperfecta, a través de la descripción de un caso clínico. Pesentación del caso: Niño de 2 años y 3 meses de edad, de origen argelino y de padres consanguíneos. Fue diagnosticado en su país de origen de una forma recesiva de osteogénesis imperfecta en los primeros meses de vida por fracturas a repetición. Conclusiones: La manipulación cuidadosa, el control del dolor y el apoyo emocional, entre otros, son fundamentales. Los profesionales de pediatría, como agentes activos en estos casos, deben conocer las peculiaridades del cuidado de pacientes con osteogénesis imperfecta para evitar y detectar complicaciones asociadas. En las familias el conocimiento conlleva además, una toma de conciencia sanitaria acerca de esta enfermedad.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Osteogenesis imperfecta is an hereditary disorder of the connective tissue that conditions to bone fragility and sensitivity to fractures. It is a systemic disease with a possibility of skeletic and extraskeletic affectations. Therefore, its care is multidisciplinary and the role of Pediatrics professionals is paramount. Objective: Contribute with information on the characteristics and the care of osteogenesis imperfecta through the description of a clinical case. Case presentation: Boy of 2 years and 3 months old, from Algeria and with parents by blood. He was diagnosed in his country with a recesive osteogenesis imperfecta in the first months of life due to repeated fractures. Conclusions: Careful handling, pain control and emotional support, among others, are important. Pediatric professionals as active agents in these cases should know the peculiarities of the care of patients with osteogenesis imperfecta to avoid and detect asssociated complications. In the families, knowledge on this also entails sanitary awareness on the disease.
RESUMEN
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a rare genetic disorder of the bones caused by a mutation in Type I collagen genes. As adults with OI are aging, medical concerns secondary to OI may arise. This integrative review sought to review, appraise, and synthesize the clinical manifestations faced by adults with OI. Four electronic bibliographic databases were searched. Published quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods studies, as well as case reports from 2000 to March 2019, addressing a clinical manifestation in adulthood, were reviewed. Eligible studies and case reports were subsequently appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and Case Report Checklist, respectively. Twenty quantitative studies and 88 case reports were included for review regardless of the varying methodological quality score. These studies collectively included 2,510 adults with different OI types. Several clinical manifestations were studied, and included: hearing loss, cardiac diseases, pregnancy complications, cerebrovascular manifestations, musculoskeletal manifestations, respiratory manifestations, vision impairment, and other clinical manifestations. Increased awareness may optimize prevention, treatment, and follow-up. Opportunities to enhance the methodological quality of research including better design and methodology, multisite collaborations, and larger and diverse sampling will optimize the generalizability and transferability of findings.