Effect of sleep deprivation on postural control and dynamic stability in healthy young adults.

BACKGROUND: Postural control results from non-linear interactions of multiple neuromusculoskeletal elements and contextual factors. The use of non-linear analyses that consider the temporal evolution of postural adjustments, such as sample entropy, could inform about the changes in postural control due to contextual disturbances such as sleep deprivation. RESEARCH QUESTION: What are the effects of sleep deprivation on static postural control and dynamic stability in healthy young adults? METHODS: A quasi-experimental study was performed with 17 healthy young males submitted to 24 h of monitored sleep deprivation. The postural control was measured using sample entropy, area, and total average velocity of the center of pressure on a force platform. The dynamic stability was measured using the Modified Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBTm) composite score for each lower limb. Repeated-measures analysis of variance (baseline × 12 h × 15 h × 18 h × 21 h × 24 h of sleep deprivation) verified the effect of sleep deprivation in the postural control variables. Paired t-test compared the composite score of the SEBTm between baseline and 24 h sleep deprivation. RESULTS: Sample entropy decreased after 18 h of sleep deprivation (p = 0.032) and 24 h of sleep deprivation (p = 0.001). Despite the significant main effect for the area (p = 0.012) and speed (p = 0.007) of the center of pressure, no pairwise differences were identified in the post hoc analysis. The non-dominant lower limb SEBTm composite score was reduced after 24 h of sleep deprivation (p = 0.033), and no difference was observed in the dominant limb. SIGNIFICANCE: Sleep deprivation reduced the adaptability in static postural control and dynamic stability of the non-dominant lower limb of healthy young male adults. Sample entropy seemed more sensitive to capture the effects of sleep deprivation than the classical postural control variables.

A new analogue of islet neogenesis associated protein with higher structural and plasma stability.

Islet Neogenesis Associated Protein pentadecapeptide (INGAP-PP) increases ß-cell mass and function in experimental animals. A short clinical trial also yielded promising results. However, HTD4010, a new peptide derived from INGAP-PP, was developed in order to optimize its specific effects by minimizing its side effects. To study and compare the tertiary structure, stability dynamics, and plasma stability of HTD4010, an INGAP-PP analogue. Both peptides were pre-incubated in human, rat and mouse plasma at 37 °C, and their presence was identified and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography at different time-points. GROMACS 2019 package and the Gromos 54A7 force field were used to evaluate overall correlated motion of the peptide molecule during molecular dynamics simulation by essential dynamics. HTD4010 exhibited significantly larger plasma stability than INGAP-PP, and its structural stability was almost 3.36-fold higher than INGAP-PP. These results suggest that HTD4010 may facilitate longer tissue interaction, thereby developing higher potential biological effects. If so, HTD4010 may become a promising therapeutic agent to treat people with diabetes. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

Computational algorithm for stability analysis of distribution networks with distributed generation

Abstract With the insertion of distributed generation in distribution networks, security analysis becomes crucial, in islanded operation or when the system is connected to the grid. Dynamic stability analyses are necessary in order to achieve minimum levels of security and reliability. Such analyses are obtained through the solution of the algebraic-differential set of equations that model the distribution grid and their generators, which requires numerical solution methods. Therefore, this paper presents a computational tool for transient stability and large disturbance frequency stability analysis, considering distribution systems with the insertion of biomass-fed distributed generation, which may, or may not, have speed regulation systems. The presented tool may be employed to assess assorted system indexes, such as the severity of disturbances, the quality of a given operating condition, in terms of voltage and frequency operating limits, and the response of both the system and the generators in face of the action of speed regulators.

Effects of backpack load and positioning on nonlinear gait features in young adults.

Overloaded backpacks can cause changes in posture and gait dynamic balance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess gait regularity and local dynamic stability in young adults as they carried a backpack in different positions, and with different loads. Twenty-one healthy young adults participated in the study, carrying a backpack that was loaded with 10 and 20% of their body weight (BW). The participants walked on a level treadmill at their preferred walking speeds for 4 min under different conditions of backpack load and position (i.e. with backpack positioned back bilaterally, back unilaterally, frontally or without a backpack). Results indicate that backpack load and positioning significantly influence gait stability and regularity, with the exception of the 10% BW bilateral back position. Therefore, the recommended safe load for school-age children and adolescents (10% of BW) should also be considered for young adults. Practitioner summary: Increase in load results in changes in posture, muscle activity and gait parameters, so we investigated the gait adaptations related to regularity and stability. Conditions with high backpack loads significantly influenced gait stability and regularity in a position-dependent manner, except for 10% body weight bilateral back position.

Principais osteotomias para o tratamento da ruptura do ligamento cruzado cranial em cães revisão de literatura / Main osteotomies for treating rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament in dogs a literature review / Principales osteotomías para el tratamiento de ruptura del ligamento cruzado craneal en perros - revisíon de literatura

A ruptura do ligamento cruzado cranial é a principal causa de claudicação do membro pélvico em cães. A causa da ruptura é multifatorial como processo degenerativo, inflamatório e traumático. Acomete principalmente cães de grande porte, não havendo predisposição sexual. O principal sinal clínico é a claudicação. Os testes de compressão tibial e de gaveta são realizados para o diagnóstico, associados à anamnese. As radiografias são importantes para avaliação do platô tibial e o diagnóstico de doença articular degenerativa. Muitas técnicas cirúrgicas podem ser utilizadas para o tratamento. Atualmente as osteotomias são as mais aceitas, devido a conformação anatômica do joelho canino. O objetivo desse trabalho é descrever as principais osteotomias para o tratamento da ruptura do ligamento cruzado cranial em cães, relacionando as indicações e complicações de cada técnica. Conclui-se que existem várias técnicas de osteotomias para o tratamento da ruptura do ligamento cruzado cranial, cada uma com suas indicações e complicações. Sendo de grande importância a medida do ângulo do platô tibial para a escolha da técnica a ser utilizada.(AU)

The cranial cruciate ligament is the main cause of lameness in the pelvic limb in dogs. Rupture causes are multifactorial, such as degenerative, inflammatory and traumatic processes. It mainly affects large dogs with no gender predisposition. The main clinical sign is lameness. Tibial compression and tray tests are performed for diagnosis, together with anamnesis. Radiographs are also important for assessing the tibial plateau and the diagnosis of degenerative joint disease. Many surgical techniques can be used for treatment. Osteotomies are currently the most accepted ones, due to the anatomical conformation of the canine knee. The aim of this paper is to describe the main osteotomy for treating cranial cruciate ligament rupture in dogs, stating the indications and complications of each technique. It can be concluded that there are several osteotomy techniques for the treatment of cranial cruciate ligament, each of them with their own indications and complications. It is, therefore, very important to measure the tibial plateau angle for the correct choice of techniques.(AU)

La ruptura del ligamento cruzado craneal es la principal causa de claudicación del miembro pélvico en perros. La causa de la ruptura es multifactorial como proceso degenerativo, inflamatorio y traumático. Afecta principalmente perros grandes, no ocurriendo predisposición sexual. La principal señal clínica es la claudicación. Las pruebas de compresión tibial y la bandeja tibial se llevan a cabo para el diagnóstico, asociados a la anamnesis. Las radiografías son importantes para evaluación de la meseta tibial y el diagnóstico de la enfermedad degenerativa de las articulaciones. Muchas técnicas quirúrgicas pueden ser utilizadas para el tratamiento. Actualmente las osteotomías son las más aceptadas, debido la conformación anatómica de la rodilla canina. El objetivo de esta investigación ha sido describir las principales osteotomías para el tratamiento de la rotura del ligamento cruzado craneal en perros, relacionando las indicaciones y complicaciones de cada técnica. Se concluye que hay varias técnicas de osteotomías para el tratamiento de la ruptura del ligamento cruzado craneal, cada uno con sus indicaciones y complicaciones. Es de gran importancia la medida del ángulo de la meseta tibial para la elección de la técnica a ser utilizada.(AU)

Principais osteotomias para o tratamento da ruptura do ligamento cruzado cranial em cães - revisão de literatura / Main osteotomies for treating rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament in dogs - a literature review / Principales osteotomías para el tratamiento de ruptura del ligamento cruzado craneal en perros - revisíon de literatura

A ruptura do ligamento cruzado cranial é a principal causa de claudicação do membro pélvico em cães. A causa da ruptura é multifatorial como processo degenerativo, inflamatório e traumático. Acomete principalmente cães de grande porte, não havendo predisposição sexual. O principal sinal clínico é a claudicação. Os testes de compressão tibial e de gaveta são realizados para o diagnóstico, associados à anamnese. As radiografias são importantes para avaliação do platô tibial e o diagnóstico de doença articular degenerativa. Muitas técnicas cirúrgicas podem ser utilizadas para o tratamento. Atualmente as osteotomias são as mais aceitas, devido a conformação anatômica do joelho canino. O objetivo desse trabalho é descrever as principais osteotomias para o tratamento da ruptura do ligamento cruzado cranial em cães, relacionando as indicações e complicações de cada técnica. Conclui-se que existem várias técnicas de osteotomias para o tratamento da ruptura do ligamento cruzado cranial, cada uma com suas indicações e complicações. Sendo de grande importância a medida do ângulo do platô tibial para a escolha da técnica a ser utilizada...

The cranial cruciate ligament is the main cause of lameness in the pelvic limb in dogs. Rupture causes are multifactorial, such as degenerative, inflammatory and traumatic processes. It mainly affects large dogs with no gender predisposition. The main clinical sign is lameness. Tibial compression and tray tests are performed for diagnosis, together with anamnesis. Radiographs are also important for assessing the tibial plateau and the diagnosis of degenerative joint disease. Many surgical techniques can be used for treatment. Osteotomies are currently the most accepted ones, due to the anatomical conformation of the canine knee. The aim of this paper is to describe the main osteotomy for treating cranial cruciate ligament rupture in dogs, stating the indications and complications of each technique. It can be concluded that there are several osteotomy techniques for the treatment of cranial cruciate ligament, each of them with their own indications and complications. It is, therefore, very important to measure the tibial plateau angle for the correct choice of techniques...

La ruptura del ligamento cruzado craneal es la principal causa de claudicación del miembro pélvico en perros. La causa de la ruptura es multifactorial como proceso degenerativo, inflamatorio y traumático. Afecta principalmente perros grandes, no ocurriendo predisposición sexual. La principal señal clínica es la claudicación. Las pruebas de compresión tibial y la bandeja tibial se llevan a cabo para el diagnóstico, asociados a la anamnesis. Las radiografías son importantes para evaluación de la meseta tibial y el diagnóstico de la enfermedad degenerativa de las articulaciones. Muchas técnicas quirúrgicas pueden ser utilizadas para el tratamiento. Actualmente las osteotomías son las más aceptadas, debido la conformación anatómica de la rodilla canina. El objetivo de esta investigación ha sido describir las principales osteotomías para el tratamiento de la rotura del ligamento cruzado craneal en perros, relacionando las indicaciones y complicaciones de cada técnica. Se concluye que hay varias técnicas de osteotomías para el tratamiento de la ruptura del ligamento cruzado craneal, cada uno con sus indicaciones y complicaciones. Es de gran importancia la medida del ángulo de la meseta tibial para la elección de la técnica a ser utilizada...