Congenital Hypothyroidism and School Achievement in Adolescence: A Population-Based Sibling Control Study.

OBJECTIVE: To study school achievement in grade 9 of compulsory school in children with congenital hypothyroidism (CH), both those detected by the national screening program and those with a normal screening result and thus diagnosed later. STUDY DESIGN: Nationwide study of children in the Swedish Medical Birth Register (n = 1 547 927) from 1982 through 1997, linked to the neonatal screening CH cohort and the National School Register. Dried blood spot (DBS) samples are collected from all newborn infants, according to the neonatal screening program. Thyroid-stimulating hormone was used for CH screening. CH was defined as either having an abnormal screening result (DBS+) and treatment with levothyroxine (LT4+) or having a normal screening result but a CH diagnosis in the National Patient Register and treatment with LT4 (DBS-/ICD+/LT4+). Regression models were used to study school performance, which as measured as grade point sum and national test results. Sibling analysis also was performed to account for unmeasured familial factors. RESULTS: There were 448 children who were DBS+/LT4+ and 475 children who were DBS-/ICD+/LT4+. Children with CH had lower grade point sum, adjusted ß = - 6.34 (95% CI -11.7 to -1.01) and adjusted ß = -10.3 (95% CI -15.5 to -5.20) for those with abnormal (DBS+/LT4+) and normal screening (DBS-/ICD+/LT4+) results, respectively. CH also was associated with lower result on the national tests, especially in mathematics. These associations remained in the sibling analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Youth with CH had slightly lower school achievements compared with those without CH and compared with their siblings. CH children with a normal screening result, and thus diagnosed later, presented the lowest results on grade point sum and national tests.

Abriendo puertas para la vida: Programa de prevención de conductas suicidas a través de docentes Gatekeepers / Opening doors to life: A suicidal behavior prevention program involving Gatekeeper teachers / Abrindo portas para a vida: Programa de prevenção ao comportamento suicida por meio de professores Gatekeepers

Introducción: El suicidio es la tercera causa de muerte de jóvenes entre 15 y 19 años. Ante esto, los ambientes escolares pueden favorecer el fomento de la salud mental de los adolescentes, permitir la identificación temprana de factores de riesgo y aportar en la prevención de conductas suicidas. Una de las estrategias de prevención es el entrenamiento de "gatekeepers". Objetivo: Determinar el efecto del programa "Abriendo Puertas para la Vida" sobre conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas en prevención de conductas suicidas en un grupo de profesores de secundaria de una institución educativa de San Juan de Pasto, Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Estudio preexperimental, con un grupo de intervención y medidas pre y pos-seguimiento. Participaron nueve docentes voluntarios durante dos jornadas de formación. Resultados: Se identificaron cambios positivos en conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de los participantes entre pretest y postest, en la mayoría de las subdimensiones evaluadas; sin embargo, tres años después, estos cambios se mantuvieron tan solo en conocimientos sobre las conductas suicidas y en actitudes hacia la prevención. Conclusión: El programa "Abriendo Puertas para la Vida" evidenció efectividad y pertinencia, sin embargo, el mantenimiento de sus efectos requiere de acciones de seguimiento y acompañamiento a los docentes formados.

Introduction: Suicide is the third cause of death in young people aged between 15 to 19 years. Thus, school environments can promote mental health of adolescents through early identification of risk factors and prevention of suicidal behaviors. One prevention strategy is the training of "gatekeepers". Objective: To determine the impact of the "Opening Doors to Life" program on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding prevention of suicidal behavior in a set of high school teachers from an educational institution in San Juan de Pasto, Colombia. Materials and methods: A pre-experimental study with an intervention group and pre- and post-follow-up measurements. Nine volunteer teachers participated during two training sessions. Results: Positive changes regarding knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the participants during pretest and posttest were observed for the majority of evaluated sub-dimensions. However, after three years, the positive measures prevailed only for knowledge about suicidal behavior and attitudes toward prevention. Conclusion: The "Opening Doors to Life" program showed effectiveness and relevance. However, maintaining its impact requires follow-up actions and support of trained teachers.

Introdução: O suicídio é a terceira causa de morte de jovens entre 15 e 19 anos. Diante disso, os ambientes escolares podem promover a promoção da saúde mental em adolescentes, permitir a identificação precoce de fatores de risco e contribuir para a prevenção do comportamento suicida. Uma das estratégias de prevenção é a formação de "gatekeepers". Objetivo: Determinar o efeito do programa "Abrindo Portas para a Vida" nos conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas na prevenção do comportamento suicida em um grupo de professores do ensino médio de uma instituição educacional em San Juan de Pasto, Colômbia. Materiais e métodos: Estudo pré-experimental, com grupo de intervenção e medidas pré e pós-acompanhamento. Nove professores voluntários participaram durante dois dias de treinamento. Resultados: Foram identificadas mudanças positivas nos conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas dos participantes entre o pré-teste e o pós-teste, na maioria das subdimensões avaliadas; porém, três anos depois, essas mudanças se mantiveram apenas no conhecimento sobre comportamentos suicidas e atitudes frente à prevenção. Conclusão: O programa "Abrindo Portas para a Vida" mostrou efetividade e relevância, porém, a manutenção de seus efeitos requer ações de acompanhamento e apoio a professores capacitados.

Programa de gimnasia laboral para los moldeadores manuales metalúrgicos

Los trastornos músculo-esqueléticos relacionados con el trabajo constituyen motivo de preocupación para la comunidad científica, avalado por su efecto negativo en la vida de los trabajadores y la productividad de las empresas. En el proceso de fundición de metales, los moldeadores manuales con pisón neumático exteriorizan manifestaciones de estas afecciones. Ello indujo a realizar una investigación que tuvo como objetivo elaborar un programa de Gimnasia Laboral para contribuir a la atención de los trastornos músculo-esqueléticos en los moldeadores manuales metalúrgicos. Para recopilar, analizar y procesar los datos se emplearon métodos teóricos, empíricos y matemático-estadísticos, entre ellos el histórico-lógico, analítico-sintético, inductivo-deductivo, sistémico-estructural-funcional, la observación participante, encuesta, entrevista, revisión documental, el experimento, criterio de usuarios y la estadística descriptiva e inferencial. La población objeto de estudio estuvo conformada por 19 moldeadores manuales metalúrgicos, seleccionados de forma intencional. El diagnóstico y la sistematización teórica alcanzada posibilitaron elaborar un programa de Gimnasia Laboral, en correspondencia con los requerimientos del proceso de moldeo, cuya efectividad fue constatada.

As lesões músculo-esqueléticas relacionadas com o trabalho são motivo de preocupação para a comunidade científica, sustentadas pelos seus efeitos negativos na vida dos trabalhadores e na produtividade das empresas. No processo de fundição do metal, os moldadores manuais com compactador pneumático externalizam as manifestações dessas condições. Isso originou uma pesquisa que teve como objetivo desenvolver um programa de Ginástica Laboral para contribuir no cuidado de lesões osteomusculares em moldadores manuais metalúrgicos. Para coletar, analisar e tratar os dados foram utilizados métodos teóricos, empíricos e matemático-estatísticos, incluindo histórico-lógico, analítico-sintético, indutivo-dedutivo, sistêmico-estrutural-funcional, observação participante, levantamento, entrevista, revisão documental, o experimento, critérios de usuário e estatísticas descritivas e inferenciais. A população em estudo foi composta por 19 modeladores manuais metalúrgicos, selecionados intencionalmente. O diagnóstico e a sistematização teórica conseguidos permitiram desenvolver um programa de Ginástica Laboral, em correspondência com as exigências do processo de moldagem, cuja eficácia foi verificada.

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are a cause of concern for the scientific community, supported by their negative effect on the lives of workers and the productivity of companies. In the metal casting process, manual molders with pneumatic tamper externalize manifestations of these conditions. This led to carrying out a research that aimed to develop a Labor Gymnastics program to contribute to the care of musculoskeletal disorders in metallurgical manual shapers. To collect, analyze and process the data, theoretical, empirical and mathematical-statistical methods were used, including historical-logical, analytical-synthetic, inductive-deductive, systemic-structural-functional, participant observation, survey, interview, documentary review, the experiment, user criteria and descriptive and inferential statistics. The population under study was made up of 19 metallurgical manual shapers, intentionally selected. The diagnosis and theoretical systematization achieved made it possible to develop a Labor Gymnastics program, in correspondence with the requirements of the molding process, whose effectiveness was verified.

Impacto del programa de reforma de vida para el control de factores de riesgo de sindrome metabólico / Impact of the lifestyle reform program on the management of metabolic syndrome risk factors / Impacto do programa de reforma do estilo de vida na gestão dos factores de risco da síndrome metabólica

El síndrome metabólico (SM) se previene controlando sus factores de riesgo, el programa de reforma de vida (PRV) busca el control y regulación de estos. Objetivo: evaluar el impacto del PRV. Materiales y métodos: Investigación aplicativo, longitudinal, prospectivo, diseño longitudinal, inductivo y deductivo, en una población inicial de 104 trabajadores de una universidad del Perú, la población final fue 31 quienes completaron el programa, los factores de riesgo fueron evaluados por un laboratorista clínico, se utilizó fichas de recolección y se procesó con el programa SPSS V.26, prueba de Wilcoxon y T de Student según el criterio de normalidad. Resultados: el PRV disminuye los niveles de triglicéridos, promedio antes 235,6 mg/dl y después 196,1 mg/dl, no se evidencio efectos positivos en el resto de los factores de riesgo. En personas con algún factor de riesgo el PRV impacto positivamente; antes del PRV 2 personas tenían la glucosa >= a 100 mg/dl y después del PRV 1, en cuanto al perímetro abdominal ≥ 90cm M, ≥ 80cm F antes (30), después (19), presión arterial ≥130/85 mmHg antes (06), después (0), triglicéridos ≥ 150 mg/dl antes (30), después (17), C-HDL < 40 M < 50 F antes (29), después (24). Con un p valor de 0,004 el PRV disminuye los niveles de triglicéridos. Conclusión: En la población en general el PRV disminuye el nivel de triglicéridos; en personas con algún factor de riesgo el PRV controla y regula todos los factores SM

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is prevented by controlling its risk factors; the lifestyle reform program (LRP) seeks to control and regulate them. Objective: to evaluate the impact of the LRP. Materials and methods: Applied, longitudinal, prospective, longitudinal, inductive and deductive design, in an initial population of 104 workers of a Peruvian university, the final population was 31 who completed the program, the risk factors were evaluated by a clinical laboratorist, collection cards were used and processed with the SPSS V.26 program, Wilcoxon and Student's t-test according to the normality criterion. Results: the PRV decreases triglyceride levels, average before 235,6 mg/dl and after 196,1 mg/dl; no positive effects were evidenced in the rest of the risk factors. In people with some risk factor the PRV had a positive impact; before the PRV 2 people had glucose >= 100mg/dl and after the PRV 1, regarding abdominal perimeter ≥ 90cm M, ≥ 80cm F before (30), after (19), blood pressure ≥ 130/85 mmHg before (06), after (0), triglycerides ≥ 150mg/dl before (30), after (17), C-HDL < 40 M < 50 F before (29), after (24). With a p value of 0,004 the PRV decreases triglyceride levels. Conclusion: In the general population the PRV decreases the triglyceride level; in people with some risk factor the PRV controls and regulates all the SM factors

A síndrome metabólica (SM) é prevenida através do controlo dos seus factores de risco, o programa de reforma do estilo de vida (PRV) visa o seu controlo e regulação. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto do PRV. Materiais e métodos: Investigação aplicada, longitudinal, prospetiva, longitudinal, desenho indutivo e dedutivo, numa população inicial de 104 trabalhadores de uma universidade do Peru, a população final foi de 31 que completaram o programa, os factores de risco foram avaliados por um laboratorista clínico, foram utilizadas fichas de recolha e processadas com o programa SPSS V.26, teste de Wilcoxon e teste t de Student de acordo com o critério de normalidade. Resultados: O PRV reduz os níveis de triglicéridos, em média antes 235,6 mg/dl e depois 196,1 mg/dl, não se evidenciando efeitos positivos nos restantes factores de risco. Em pessoas com algum fator de risco o PRV teve um impacto positivo; antes do PRV 2 pessoas tinham glicose >= 100 mg/dl e depois do PRV 1, quanto ao perímetro abdominal ≥90cm M, ≥ 80 cm F antes (30), depois (19), pressão arterial ≥ 130/85 mmHg antes (06), depois (0), triglicéridos ≥ 150 mg/dl antes (30), depois (17), C-HDL < 40 M < 50 F antes (29), depois (24). Com um p-value de 0,004 o PRV diminui os níveis de triglicéridos. Conclusão: Na população em geral, o PRV diminui os níveis de triglicéridos; em pessoas com alguns factores de risco, o PRV controla e regula todos os factores da SM

Impacto del programa de reforma de vida para el control de factores de riesgo de sindrome metabólico

El síndrome metabólico (SM) se previene controlando sus factores de riesgo, el programa de reforma de vida (PRV) busca el control y regulación de estos. Objetivo: evaluar el impacto del PRV. Materiales y métodos: Investigación aplicativo, longitudinal, prospectivo, diseño longitudinal, inductivo y deductivo, en una población inicial de 104 trabajadores de una universidad del Perú, la población final fue 31 quienes completaron el programa, los factores de riesgo fueron evaluados por un laboratorista clínico, se utilizó fichas de recolección y se procesó con el programa SPSS V.26, prueba de Wilcoxon y T de Student según el criterio de normalidad. Resultados: el PRV disminuye los niveles de triglicéridos, promedio antes 235,6 mg/dl y después 196,1 mg/dl, no se evidencio efectos positivos en el resto de los factores de riesgo. En personas con algún factor de riesgo el PRV impacto positivamente; antes del PRV 2 personas tenían la glucosa >= a 100 mg/dl y después del PRV 1, en cuanto al perímetro abdominal ≥ 90cm M, ≥ 80cm F antes (30), después (19), presión arterial ≥130/85 mmHg antes (06), después (0), triglicéridos ≥ 150 mg/dl antes (30), después (17), C-HDL < 40 M < 50 F antes (29), después (24). Con un p valor de 0,004 el PRV disminuye los niveles de triglicéridos. Conclusión: En la población en general el PRV disminuye el nivel de triglicéridos; en personas con algún factor de riesgo el PRV controla y regula todos los factores SM.

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is prevented by controlling its risk factors; the lifestyle reform program (LRP) seeks to control and regulate them. Objective: to evaluate the impact of the LRP. Materials and methods: Applied, longitudinal, prospective, longitudinal, inductive and deductive design, in an initial population of 104 workers of a Peruvian university, the final population was 31 who completed the program, the risk factors were evaluated by a clinical laboratorist, collection cards were used and processed with the SPSS V.26 program, Wilcoxon and Student's t-test according to the normality criterion. Results: the PRV decreases triglyceride levels, average before 235,6 mg/dl and after 196,1 mg/dl; no positive effects were evidenced in the rest of the risk factors. In people with some risk factor the PRV had a positive impact; before the PRV 2 people had glucose >= 100mg/dl and after the PRV 1, regarding abdominal perimeter ≥ 90cm M, ≥ 80cm F before (30), after (19), blood pressure ≥ 130/85 mmHg before (06), after (0), triglycerides ≥ 150mg/dl before (30), after (17), C-HDL < 40 M < 50 F before (29), after (24). With a p value of 0,004 the PRV decreases triglyceride levels. Conclusion: In the general population the PRV decreases the triglyceride level; in people with some risk factor the PRV controls and regulates all the SM factors.

A síndrome metabólica (SM) é prevenida através do controlo dos seus factores de risco, o programa de reforma do estilo de vida (PRV) visa o seu controlo e regulação. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto do PRV. Materiais e métodos: Investigação aplicada, longitudinal, prospetiva, longitudinal, desenho indutivo e dedutivo, numa população inicial de 104 trabalhadores de uma universidade do Peru, a população final foi de 31 que completaram o programa, os factores de risco foram avaliados por um laboratorista clínico, foram utilizadas fichas de recolha e processadas com o programa SPSS V.26, teste de Wilcoxon e teste t de Student de acordo com o critério de normalidade. Resultados: O PRV reduz os níveis de triglicéridos, em média antes 235,6 mg/dl e depois 196,1 mg/dl, não se evidenciando efeitos positivos nos restantes factores de risco. Em pessoas com algum fator de risco o PRV teve um impacto positivo; antes do PRV 2 pessoas tinham glicose >= 100 mg/dl e depois do PRV 1, quanto ao perímetro abdominal ≥90cm M, ≥ 80 cm F antes (30), depois (19), pressão arterial ≥ 130/85 mmHg antes (06), depois (0), triglicéridos ≥ 150 mg/dl antes (30), depois (17), C-HDL < 40 M < 50 F antes (29), depois (24). Com um p-value de 0,004 o PRV diminui os níveis de triglicéridos. Conclusão: Na população em geral, o PRV diminui os níveis de triglicéridos; em pessoas com alguns factores de risco, o PRV controla e regula todos os factores da SM.

Cervical Cancer in Mexico: From a Renowned Vaccination Program to Unfulfilled Needs in Treatment Access.

Mexico's national human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program was established in 2008, providing free access to HPV vaccines and quickly becoming an immense success story, achieving significant coverage among young Mexican females. However, despite these efforts and notable achievements, cervical cancer caused mainly by HPV remains a challenging issue among Mexican women aged 15 years or older. A critical obstacle faced by women in the country is a lack of early detection and screening resources, coupled with delays in diagnosis and treatment, exacerbated by the poor distribution of already insufficient healthcare resources. This situation creates adverse conditions for the female demographic in the country. Our editorial aims to draw attention to the urgent need to improve access to adequate prevention, screening, and treatment for cervical cancer patients in Mexico, advocating for a collective effort between the Mexican government, public health professionals, and civil society.

AC-ASPECTS, ACh-ASPECTS, and H-ASPECTS: new imaging scales to assess territorial and total cerebral hemispheric ischemic injury.

Background: The extent of ischemic injury in acute stroke is assessed in clinical practice using the Acute Stroke Prognosis Early CT Score (ASPECTS) rating system. However, current ASPECTS semi-quantitative topographic scales assess only the middle cerebral artery (MCA) (original ASPECTS) and posterior cerebral (PC-ASPECTS) territories. For treatment decision-making in patients with anterior cerebral artery (ACA) occlusions and internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusions with large ischemic cores, measures of all hemispheric regions are desirable. Methods: In this cohort study, anatomic rating systems were developed for the anterior cerebral (AC-ASPECTS, 3 points) and anterior choroidal artery (ACh-ASPECTS, 1 point) territories. In addition, a total supratentorial hemisphere (H-ASPECTS, 16 points) score was calculated as the sum of the MCA ASPECTS (10 regions), supratentorial PC-ASPECTS (2 regions), AC-ASPECTS (3 regions), and ACh-ASPECTS (1 region). Three raters applied these scales to initial and 24 h CT and MR images in consecutive patients with ischemic stroke (IS) due to ICA, M1-MCA, and ACA occlusions. Results: Imaging ratings were obtained for 96 scans in 50 consecutive patients with age 74.8 (±14.0), 60% female, NIHSS 15.5 (9.25-20), and occlusion locations ICA 34%; M1-MCA 58%; and ACA 8%. Treatments included endovascular thrombectomy +/- thrombolysis in 72%, thrombolysis alone in 8%, and hemicraniectomy in 4%. Among experienced clinicians, inter-rater reliability for AC-, ACh-, and H-ASPECTS scores was substantial (kappa values 0.61-0.80). AC-ASPECTS abnormality was present in 14% of patients, and ACh-ASPECTS abnormality in 2%. Among patients with ACA and ICA occlusions, H-ASPECTS scores compared with original ASPECTS scores were more strongly associated with disability level at discharge, ambulatory status at discharge, discharge destination, and combined inpatient mortality and hospice discharge. Conclusion: AC-ASPECTS, ACh-ASPECTS, and H-ASPECTS expand the scope of acute IS imaging scores and increase correlation with functional outcomes. This additional information may enhance prognostication and decision-making, including endovascular thrombectomy and hemicraniectomy.

Design and pilot evaluation of a brief intervention to reduce transphobia and improve attitudes of government officials to address legal gender affirmation needs of transgender people in Peru.

Legal gender affirmation - legal name and gender marker change - is an important health-promoting health determinant for transgender people. In Peru, the state's failure to universally recognize transgender people's legal identity limits standardized legal affirmation procedures, including the paucity of government officials trained in gender affirmation strategies. This project, in partnership with Registro Nacional de Identificación y Estado Civil (RENIEC) and transgender communities, designed and piloted a group-based intervention to sensitize government officers to the importance of gender-concordant identity documents. Between August 2017 and February 2018, three in-person group intervention sessions were held (each 3-4 hours) with 51 government officers. Guided by Gender Affirmation and Structural Violence Frameworks, the intervention utilized Adult Learning Theory and applied storytelling and testimonials as pedagogy. Pre-/post-test surveys were administered (19 true/false items, summed to create an index score measuring knowledge and attitudes toward transgender people). Within-person changes in pre-/post-intervention scores were evaluated using paired t-tests. Pre-/post-test data were available for 41 participants. After the intervention, there were improvements in knowledge and more favorable attitudes toward transgender people (pre-test mean = 14.09, SD = 2.33 vs. post-test mean = 15.62, SD = 1.82; difference = 1.53, 95% CL = 0.60, 2.67; t-test = 3.30 [df = 46]; p = 0.002). The intervention was feasible to conduct and garnered high acceptability. The results suggest the promise of this brief intervention for future research and testing before potential later implementation and scale-up to increase the capacity of government officers to address legal gender affirmation for transgender people in Peru.

Main findings: A brief group-based theoretically informed intervention designed and piloted by a multidisciplinary cross-sector team in partnership with transgender communities was feasible to conduct, garnered high levels of acceptability, and significantly increased knowledge and favorable attitudes toward transgender people for government officers responsible for identity documents in Peru.Added knowledge: Legal gender affirmation is an important determinant of mental health and wellbeing for transgender people; this evidence-based intervention increased the capacity of government officers to meet health-harming legal gender affirmation needs, specifically legal name and gender marker change, addressing a structural barrier to legal gender affirmation for transgender people in Peru.Global health impact for policy and action: Findings underscore the promise of this intervention for future research and testing before potential later implementation and scale-up in Peru, and for adaptation in other countries and contexts to address the training and capacity of government officials to effectively process and implement legal gender affirmation, a structural barrier to legal gender affirmation for transgender people.

Subjective body-related experiences, and perception of the interventions and empathy of the healthcare team in adolescents with overweight. / Vivencias subjetivas relativas al cuerpo, percepción respecto a las intervenciones y empatía del equipo de salud en adolescentes con exceso de peso.

Introduction. Overweight adolescents are confronted daily with stereotypes that condition their body image, self-esteem, and mood. Objectives. To describe, in adolescents with overweight, the subjective experiences related to the body in daily life and their perceptions regarding the interventions and empathy of the health team. Population and methods. Descriptive study with qualitative approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with adolescents aged 11 to 18 years with selfreported mass index (BMI) ≥ 26 and referring to medical or nutritional follow-up for overweight, attended at the Adolescence Service of a hospital in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, between October 1, 2021, and May 31, 2022. Results. Twenty adolescents were evaluated, with a median age of 13.5 years, most of them from female sex (16/20). All reported body dissatisfaction from an early age (median age: 10 years old). They mention difficulty dressing due to the lack of different sizes; they even limit sports practice. They suffered weight- related body humiliation at school, in the family, or public (15/20). They perceived weight control in a dual way: weight loss was the primary stimulus for treatment, but its centrality in the consultations generated discomfort. The leading causes of therapeutic abandonment were the impossibility of temporarily sustaining the recommendations and the lack of weight loss. The treating team was willing to listen to the patients but needed to understand their daily experiences, physical, material, esthetic, social conditioning, beliefs, and perceptions. Conclusion. The adolescents included in this study perceived specific interventions of the healthcare team as beneficial, with empathic deficiencies.

Introducción. Adolescentes con exceso de peso confrontan a diario con estereotipos que condicionan su imagen corporal, autoestima y ánimo. Objetivos. Describir, en adolescentes con exceso de peso, las vivencias subjetivas relativas al cuerpo en la vida diaria y sus percepciones respecto a las intervenciones y empatía del equipo de salud. Población y métodos. Estudio descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a adolescentes entre 11 y 18 años con índice de masa corporal (IMC) ≥ 26 autorreferenciado y/o que refirieran seguimiento médico o nutricional por exceso de peso, asistidos en el Servicio de Adolescencia de un hospital de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, entre el 1 de octubre de 2021 y el 31 de mayo de 2022. Resultados. Se evaluaron 20 adolescentes, con mediana de edad de 13,5 años, mayoritariamente de sexo femenino (16/20). La totalidad refirió insatisfacción corporal desde edades tempranas (edad mediana: 10 años). Mencionan dificultad para vestirse por falta de talles; limitan incluso la práctica deportiva. Padecieron humillación corporal relacionada con el peso en la escuela, la familia o la vía pública (15/20). Percibieron el control de peso de manera dual: su descenso fue el principal estímulo del tratamiento, pero su centralidad en las consultas generó malestar. Las principales causas de abandono terapéutico fueron la imposibilidad de sostener temporalmente las recomendaciones y la falta de descenso de peso. Se percibió del equipo tratante buena predisposición y escucha, pero cierta incomprensión sobre las vivencias cotidianas, condicionamientos físicos, materiales, estéticos, sociales, de sus creencias y percepciones. Conclusión. Percibieron beneficiosas ciertas intervenciones del equipo de salud, con falencias empáticas.

The growzen™ buddy smartphone app to improve adherence in patients receiving recombinant human growth hormone therapy: a retrospective observational study in Argentina.

Introduction: This study in Argentina evaluated the impact of the growzen™ buddy smartphone app on adherence to recombinant human growth hormone (r-hGH) treatment. Methods: The adherence data, invitation dates with a link to the app, app activation dates, and height measurements entered were extracted from the growzen™ digital health ecosystem. Patients with 12 months of adherence data, aged ≥2 years at treatment start, and aged <19 years were selected both before and after app implementation. Mean adherence was classified as optimal (≥85%) versus suboptimal (<85%). Adherence before and after implementation and the pre-post effect on adherence were assessed. Results: Data for 830 patients were available. Prior to app implementation, the proportion of patients with optimal adherence was 68% (n = 348/515). Following the app implementation, out of 315 patients, 302 (96%) received an invitation with a link to the app, 225 (71%) activated their account, and 127 (40%) entered height data in the first year. There was a significant early increase in the proportion of patients with optimal adherence following implementation: 82% (n = 258/315), p < 0.001. After implementation, the proportion of patients with optimal adherence included 80% (n = 78/98) of those with an active account who did not enter height measurements and 89% (n = 113/127) of those who did. There was a significant and positive pre-post app effect on adherence (p < 0.01) in patients with an active account. Discussion: Our results show that using the growzen™ buddy app has a rapid and positive impact on adherence to r-hGH treatment, and patients who were more engaged with the app demonstrated better adherence.

"Sin reconocer la historicidad de la comunidad y la propia, no se puede hacer trabajo en y con la comunidad": Entrevista a Lucía Vivanco en sus cuarenta años de ejercicio profesional en Chile / "Without recognizing the community and one's own historicity, work cannot be done in and with communities": Interview with Lucía Vivanco based on her forty years of professional practice in Chile / "Sem reconhecer a historicidade da comunidade e a própria, o trabalho não pode ser feito nas e com as comunidades": entrevista com Lucía Vivanco, em seus quarenta anos de prática profissional no Chile

Lucía Vivanco Muñoz es terapeuta ocupacional, egresada de la Universidad de Chile en 1983 y una de las primeras en incursionar en la Terapia Ocupacional social y comunitaria en Chile. En esta entrevista, realizada por su colega Débora Grandón, analiza el desarrollo de la Terapia Ocupacional social y comunitaria a través de su incursión, a finales de la década de 1980 y durante los años 90, en áreas no tradicionales de la Terapia Ocupacional, como el acompañamiento a personas viviendo con VIH-SIDA, la desinstitucionalización de niñeces vulneradas y la reinserción en sus familias y comunidades. También, colaboró en el diseño de políticas públicas para la superación de la pobreza desde el Estado chileno y en otros países, en su rol de consultora para el Banco Mundial. Actualmente, es académica de la Escuela de Terapia Ocupacional en la Universidad de Santiago de Chile -USACH. Esta experiencia como iniciadora de áreas de práctica hoy instituidas en el ejercicio de la profesión tiene un relevante valor histórico y constituye un aporte significativo al desarrollo de estos campos y a la formación de nuevas generaciones.

Lucía Vivanco Muñoz is an occupational therapist who graduated from the University of Chile in 1983 and is one of the pioneers in the development of a social and community Occupational Therapy in Chile. In this interview, conducted by her colleague Débora Grandón, she analyzes the development of a social and community Occupational Therapy throughout her involvement at the end of the 1980s and during the 1990s in non-traditional areas such as accompanying people living with HIV/AIDS, the deinstitutionalization of vulnerable children, and their reintegration into their families and communities. She also participated in designing public policies for overcoming poverty within the Chilean government and other countries in her role as a consultant for the World Bank. She is currently an academic at the School of Occupatio-nal Therapy at the University of Santiago de Chile -USACH. This experience as an initiator of areas of practice established today in the exercise of the profession has a relevant historical value and constitutes a significant contribution to the development of these fields and the training of new generations

Lucía Vivanco Muñoz é terapeuta ocupacional, formada pela Universidade do Chile em 1983, e uma das primeiras a se aventurar na Terapia Ocupacional social e comunitária no Chile. Nesta entrevista, conduzida por sua colega Débora Grandón, se analisa o desenvolvimento da Terapia Ocupacional social e comunitária por meio de sua incursão no final dos anos 80 e durante os anos 90, em áreas não tradicionais da Terapia Ocupacional, como o acompanhamento de pessoas vivendo com HIV-AIDS, a desinstitucionalização de crianças em situação de vulnerabilidade e a reintegração em suas famílias e comunidades. Além disso, colaborou no desenho de políticas públicas para a superação da pobreza no Estado chileno e em outros países, atuando como consultora para o Banco Mundial. Atualmente, é professora na Escola de Terapia Ocupacional da Universidade de Santiago do Chile - USACH. A experiência da professora como pioneira em áreas de prática, hoje instituídas no exercício da profissão, tem um valor histórico relevante e constitui uma contribuição significativa para o desenvolvimento desses campos e para a formação de novas gerações

Vaginal micronized progesterone on preventing luteinizing hormone untimely surge in ART cycles: A prospective proof-of-concept study.

OBJECTIVE: A new approach to evaluate whether Progestin-Primed Ovarian Stimulation with micronized vaginal progesterone was as effective as using dydrogesterone in suppress LH pulse surge in young women under stimulation in an oocyte donor programme. METHODS: This prospective study included 21 patients aged 19 to 32 years-old stimulated with Elonva® 150, associated or not with Menopur® or Merional® (75 or 150IU) since the beginning of the cycle, plus HMG 150-225IU after the 8th day or just HMG 150-300IU per day. Patients were placed in a PPOS protocol with micronized vaginal progesterone (MVP) 200 mg (Gynpro® Exeltis or Junno Farmoquimica) every 12 hours or dydrogesterone (Duphaston® Abbott) 10 mg every 8 hours from the start of stimulation until the day after the GnRH trigger with Triptorelin 0.2 mg (Gonapeptyl daily®). The primary endpoint was the prevention of untimely LH surge, and secondarily the number of 16 mm follicles, retrieved oocytes and metafase II. RESULTS: Fourteen oocyte donor patients were prescribed MVP while seven others received dydrogesterone (DYG).The gonadotropin protocols included 04 with Corifollitropin alfa 150 plus HMG since the beginning and complemented after the 7th day, and 17 times of just HMG. There was no diferences in the number of follicles >10≤15mm, ≥16mm or number of metafase II oocytes. There was no untimely LH surge on both groups and no OHSS was developed after the agonist trigger. CONCLUSIONS: Progestin-Primed Ovarian Stimulation with micronized vaginal progesterone seems to be a compelling choice for preventing premature ovulation without compromising oocyte quality in women undergoing ovarian stimulation.

Body image of university students: a systematic review of the characteristics of interventions.

BACKGROUND: Body image is the mental representation of the body and can be influenced by cognitive, biological, behavioral, sociocultural, and environmental factors. University students often encounter challenges related to it. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review examined interventions aimed at holistically developing a positive body image within this population. METHODS: The PRISMA 2020 guidelines and the PICO method were employed to identify, select, assess, and synthesize studies. The consulted databases included Scopus, Web of Science, and PsycINFO, with inclusion criteria targeting body image interventions for university students aged 18 to 39. Study quality was evaluated using the QATSDD tool. RESULTS: Twenty-one relevant studies were identified, primarily from the United States, mostly employing quantitative methods, with a focus on female participants. Various intervention strategies were utilized, including cognitive-behavioral approaches, media literacy, and physical/resistance training, with a growing use of technology like mobile applications. The majority of studies reported effective outcomes, such as reduced body dissatisfaction and increased self-esteem following interventions. Nevertheless, literature gaps were identified, such as the scarcity of formative interventions and limited use of qualitative approaches. CONCLUSION: While technology in interventions offers promising opportunities, careful assessments and judicious selection of evaluation instruments are fundamental for reliable results. Future research should focus on addressing identified gaps, such as exploring more formative interventions and incorporating qualitative methodologies to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the effectiveness of body image interventions among university students.

The male effect associated with prostaglandins and reproductive outcomes in photo-stimulated Saanen goats during the non-breeding season.

The efficiency of combining oestrous induction via a light program (16 h of light and 8 h of darkness for 60 days, ending on Day 0 - D0) with cloprostenol administration, followed by the male effect or not, was tested in acyclic Saanen goats during the non-breeding season (June/2019 to January/2020). Initially, all animals (males and females) were submitted to the described light program; 60 days after its ending (D60), the females were divided into two groups, with (G1; n = 67) or without (G2; n = 61) a male effect from D60 to D75 after the light program. At D75, both groups received two cloprostenol doses (120 µg; intramuscular) 7.5 days apart (D75 and D82.5). Artificial insemination was performed at a specific time according to the oestrous onset (approximately 68.4 ± 1.2 h between the second cloprostenol dose and IA). Ultrasound scans were performed at different intervals to evaluate follicular dynamics and confirm pregnancy. At the first cloprostenol dose (D75), the proportion of does with at least a corpus luteum (CL), which indicates resumed cyclicity, was greater in G1 than in G2 (85.2% vs. 48.8%; p < .05), although no difference was found at the second dose (p > .05). The adjusted pregnancy rates (number of pregnant goats/oestrous goats) differed between G1 and G2 (21.7% vs. 42.0%; p < .05). G1 also showed a higher frequency of functional CL (based on blood flow and morphology) compared to G2 (96.9% vs. 66.7%; p < .05) at D116. A male effect using photo-stimulated bucks after the first cloprostenol dose increased the number of does presenting CL after buck removal, and no impairment in the pregnancy rates of multiparous does was found.

Acute effects of a pilates method session on flexibility and performance in practitioners of an extreme conditioning program: A preliminary study.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute effects of Pilates exercises on flexibility and performance in practitioners of an extreme conditioning program (ECP). The hypothesis adopted was that Pilates could activate deeper muscles and improve the stability of core muscles. METHODS: This was an observational cross-sectional study with individuals practicing an ECP submitted to a Pilates method (PM) exercise session. The Wells bench test was used to assess flexibility, while performance was evaluated using the Wall Ball exercise commonly performed by ECP practitioners. The perception of effort was measured using the Borg scale. RESULTS: A single session of PM exercises was able to significantly improve flexibility immediately after the exercises (p < 0.001) and performance in one of the movements of the ECP (p < 0.001), as well as decrease the perception of effort. CONCLUSION: An acute intervention with Pilates exercises promoted improvement in performance of the CrossFit Wall Ball exercise.

Applicant Perception and Content Exploration of the 2024 podiatric Residency Interview Process.

Considerable resources are dedicated on an annual basis to the podiatric medicine and surgery residency interview by both students and programs. Despite this, relatively little is known about student perception of the process, nor the format and content of interview. The objective of this investigation was to study and organize experiences of fourth-year podiatric medical students following the 2024 Centralized Residency Interview Program (CRIP) process. An anonymous and voluntary survey was developed and made available to fourth year podiatric medical students. It was relatively common for there to be academic, social/personal, case work-up, and rapid-fire academic question components to the interview. It was also very common to be provided with the opportunity to ask programs questions. It was relatively uncommon for there to be ethical/moral questions, personality/psychologic assessments, logic assessments, and hands-on demonstrations. The most common hands-on demonstrations were suturing, hand ties and performance of fixation principles. Relatively high yield academic topics included plain film radiography interpretation, rearfoot/ankle osseous trauma, diabetic foot infection, advanced imaging interpretation, and fixation constructs/principles. When evaluating programs, students placed high value on surgical volume, surgical variety, relative resident autonomy, program location, exposure to outpatient clinics, salary, future connections as a program alumnus, unique off-service rotations, exposure to business management/coding/billing, scope of practice, exposure to inpatient management, resident salary, and who the senior co-residents would be. The results of this investigation provide unique information for both medical students and residency programs with respect to the perception, format and content of the podiatric residency interview process.

Colorectal cancer screening program implementation: biennial adherence and participation patterns.

INTRODUCTION AND AIM: Adherence to colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is essential for the effectiveness of screening programs. Even though organized screening programs can improve the quality of the process and adherence, there are still challenges to overcome. The aim of the present study, in which we implemented a biennial organized screening program for CRC, was to describe adherence and participation patterns. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A longitudinal, descriptive study was conducted, in which a team of trained patient navigators carried out interventions, with reminders via cellphone communication, to follow a cohort of 301 subjects eligible for CRC screening, utilizing a fecal immunochemical test (FIT). All the follow-up subjects received a FIT kit. RESULTS: A total of 747 cellphone calls were made and divided into three interventions. From the initial cohort, 126 subjects completed their biennial screening process through the FIT, indicating a consistent adherence rate of 41.8% to our program. The participation patterns were: 126 consistent participants (41.8%), 160 inconsistent participants (53.2%), and 15 participants that were never contacted (5%). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, our study underlines the importance of organized screening programs in the early detection of CRC. The implementation of follow-up interventions, through reminders and the training of patient navigators, can improve adherence, but there is a need for examining new strategies, to overcome barriers to communication via cellphone.

Use of simulation to optimize a sweet corn breeding program: implementing genomic selection and doubled haploid technology.

Genomic selection and doubled haploids hold significant potential to enhance genetic gains and shorten breeding cycles across various crops. Here, we utilized stochastic simulations to investigate the best strategies for optimize a sweet corn breeding program. We assessed the effects of incorporating varying proportions of old and new parents into the crossing block (3:1, 1:1, 1:3, and 0:1 ratio, representing different degrees of parental substitution), as well as the implementation of genomic selection in two distinct pipelines: one calibrated using the phenotypes of testcross parents (GSTC scenario) and another using F1 individuals (GSF1). Additionally, we examined scenarios with doubled haploids, both with (DH) and without (DHGS) genomic selection. Across 20 years of simulated breeding, we evaluated scenarios considering traits with varying heritabilities, the presence or absence of genotype-by-environment effects, and two program sizes (50 vs 200 crosses per generation). We also assessed parameters such as parental genetic mean, average genetic variance, hybrid mean, and implementation costs for each scenario. Results indicated that within a conventional selection program, a 1:3 parental substitution ratio (replacing 75% of parents each generation with new lines) yielded the highest performance. Furthermore, the GSTC model outperformed the GSF1 model in enhancing genetic gain. The DHGS model emerged as the most effective, reducing cycle time from 5 to 4 years and enhancing hybrid gains despite increased costs. In conclusion, our findings strongly advocate for the integration of genomic selection and doubled haploids into sweet corn breeding programs, offering accelerated genetic gains and efficiency improvements.

Effectiveness of supervised physiotherapy versus a home exercise program in patients with distal radius fracture: a randomized controlled trial with a 2-year follow-up.

OBJECTIVE: To determine in the long term whether supervised physiotherapy is more effective than a home exercise program for functional improvement and pain relief in patients with distal radius fracture (DRF). DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Rehabilitation hospital. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 74 patients older than 60 years with extra-articular DRF were randomly allocated into two groups. INTERVENTIONS: The experimental group received 6 weeks of supervised physiotherapy (n = 37) and the control group received 6 weeks of home exercise program (n = 37). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was wrist/hand function assessed using the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) questionnaire; secondary outcomes were the pain visual analogue scale (VAS), grip strength and wrist flexion-extension active range of motion. RESULTS: All patients completed the trial. For the primary outcome, at 6-weeks and 1-year follow-up, the PRWE questionnaire showed a mean difference between groups of 18.6 (95% CI 12.8 to 24.3) and 18.5 points (95% CI 12.7 to 24.2) respectively, these differences are clinically important. Conversely, at 2-year follow-up this effect decreases to 3.3 points (95% CI -2.4 to 9.0). For secondary outcomes, at 6-weeks and 1-year follow-up, in all measurements the effect size range from medium to large. Conversely, at 2-year follow-up only grip strength showed large effect size in favor of supervised physiotherapy, the rest of outcomes did not show difference between groups. CONCLUSION: At the 6-week and 1-year follow-up, supervised physiotherapy was more effective for functional improvement and pain relief compared with a home exercise program in patients older than 60 years with extra-articular DRF. However, this effect decreases over time, at the 2-year follow-up, only grip strength showed a difference in favor of supervised physiotherapy. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Brazilian registry of clinical trials UTN no. U1111- 1249-2492. Registered 17 March 2020. CONTRIBUTION OF THE PAPER.