Patient satisfaction and digital health in primary health care: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: Using digital health in primary health care (PHC) contributes to reducing costs and travel time, achieving global development goals, improving access, quality and longitudinality of care, and managing health crises. Its evaluation must go beyond the technical-operational aspects to include patient satisfaction, a key element in assessing the quality of care. Objective: To identify and map patient satisfaction (expectations, desires, cultural values) about the adoption of digital health strategies and assess their impact on the quality of care in PHC. Methods: The review will follow the recommendations proposed by the Joanna's Briggs Institute (JBI) manual, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and the methodology proposed by Arksey and O'Malley and Levac et al. and will be conducted in nine stages. The search will be conducted in health studies databases (MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and BVS), gray literature, and preprint repositories (Google Scholar and MedRxiv). Two reviewers will select the studies, and the third will analyze possible conflicts. The inclusion criteria comprise studies that have been made available in their entirety, whether they are primary studies or short communications, as well as the following materials extracted from the gray literature: preprints, manuals, government documents, books, guidelines, theses and dissertations. Exclusion criteria include literature reviews, abstracts, books, conference archives, letters to the editor, duplicates and opinion articles. Data will be analyzed by content analysis and inferential statistics. This protocol is registered on the Open Science Framework (OSF) under DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/PUJDB. Results: The study aims to understand aspects related to the expectations, desires, and cultural values of patients from different countries, as well as the strengths and critical nodes of the use of digital health on the quality of care in PHC.

Usability evaluation of the educational website "understanding my diabetes" for Mexican patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Diabetes education is an integral part of the treatment for the metabolic control of patients with diabetes. The use of the Internet as a tool for diabetes education, as well as its acceptance, is still under study. Aim: To assess the usability of the educational website "I understand my diabetes" designed for patients with type 2 diabetes attending primary care clinics. Material and method: A cross-sectional study was done in 110 patients with type 2 diabetes from two family medicine clinics, each of whom was assigned a user account on the educational website "Entiendo mi diabetes." The web site assigned a user name and password to each patient. They were able to access the educational website at home. After a 15-day review period, participants were asked to evaluate usability using the Computer System Usability Questionnaire. Additionally, we developed an eight-item questionnaire usability focusing on diabetes care. Sociodemographic data, blood pressure, and anthropometric measurements were recorded. Glucose levels and lipid profiles were also measured. Results: The patients with diabetes had a mean age of 52.7 years and a median of 5 years since they were diagnosed with diabetes. The website received a good usability rating from 89.1% of participants, with favorable assessments in all three dimensions: 87.3% for information, 85.5% for quality, and 88.2% for interface. Regarding usability specifically for diabetes care, 98.2% rated it as having good usability. Conclusion: The website for education about the disease in patients "I understand my diabetes" had an adequate usability evaluation by patients, so they also considered it very useful for diabetes care. The diabetes care instrument had adequate usability and reliability.

The Large-Scale Implementation of a Health Information System in Brazilian University Hospitals: Process and Outcomes.

Governments around the globe are paving the way for healthcare services that can have a profound impact on the overall well-being and development of their nations. However, government programs to implement health information technologies on a large-scale are challenging, especially in developing countries. In this article, the process and outcomes of the large-scale implementation of a hospital information system for the management of Brazilian university hospitals are analyzed. Based on a qualitative approach, this research involved 21 hospitals and comprised a documentary search, interviews with 24 hospital managers and two system user focus groups, and a questionnaire of 736 respondents. Generally, we observed that aspects relating to the wider context of system implementation (macro level), the managerial structure, cultural nuances, and political dynamics within each hospital (meso level), as well as the technology, work activities, and individuals themselves (micro level) acted as facilitators and/or obstacles to the implementation process. The dynamics and complex interactions established between these aspects had repercussions on the process, including the extended time necessary to implement the national program and the somewhat mixed outcomes obtained by hospitals in the national network. Mostly positive, these outcomes were linked to the eight emerging dimensions of practices and work processes; planning, control, and decision making; transparency and accountability; optimization in the use of resources; productivity of professionals; patient information security; safety and quality of care; and improvement in teaching and research. We argued here that to maximize the potential of information technology in healthcare on a large-scale, an integrative and cooperative vision is required, along with a high capacity for change management, considering the different regional, local, and institutional contexts.

Experiencias del cuidador familiar con la utilización de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación: Implementación de una intervención educativa / Experiences of the family caregiver with the use of Information and Communication Technologies: Implementation of an educational intervention

Introducción: Las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TICs) son un recurso a través del cual los profesionales de la salud pueden proporcionar apoyo y asesoría a distancia. Objetivo: Describir las experiencias de una cuidadora familiar (CF) con el uso de las TICs en la implementación de una intervención educativa como apoyo para su autocuidado y el cuidado del adulto mayor (AM). Metodología: Estudio de caso con abordaje cualitativo. Una pasante de la licenciatura en Enfermería y Obstetricia implementó una intervención educativa en una CF del 15 diciembre 2020 al 25 junio 2021, periodo de pandemia por COVID-19. La recolección de datos se realizó a partir de entrevistas a profundidad, mensajes de texto y voz de WhatsApp, así como por observación. Se realizó análisis de contenido tipo temático según de Souza Minayo. Resultados: Se identificó el teléfono celular como el dispositivo más utilizado, las funciones de videollamada y mensaje de voz de WhatsApp como las herramientas más útiles y preferidas por la CF, y las infografías y videos como los materiales educativos más adecuados para esta población. Limitaciones: Solo se incluyó una CF y un AM, lo cual puede generar un sesgo de respuesta, ya que la CF quizás estuvo más motivada y dispuesta a participar que otros cuidadores hipotéticos. Valor: Implementar un nuevo canal de comunicación entre el profesional de enfermería, el AM, la CF y otros familiares. Conclusiones: El uso de las TICs fue aceptado por la CF para recibir capacitación en su autocuidado y cuidado del AM.

Introduction: Health professionals can use Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) to provide support and advice at a distance. Objective: Description of the experiences of a family caregiver (FC) with the use of ICTs in the implementation of an educational intervention to support her self-care and the care of the Older Adult (OA). Methodology: Case study with qualitative approach. An undergraduate intern in Nursing and Midwifery implemented an educational intervention with a FC from December 15, 2020 to June 25, 2021, during the covid-19 pandemic. Data collection was gathered with in-depth interviews, Whatsapp text and voice messages, as well as direct observation. Thematic type content analysis was performed according to de Souza Minayo. Results: The cell phone was identified as the most used device, Whatsapp video call and voice message functions as the most useful and preferred tools by the FC, and infographics and videos as the most appropriate educational materials for this population. Limitations: Only one female FC and one male OA were included in this study. This may generate response bias, as the FC was perhaps more motivated and willing to participate than other hypothetical caregivers. Value: Implementation of a new communication channel between the nursing professional, the OA, the FC, and other family members. Conclusions: Training in the use of ICTs was accepted by the FC to improve her self-care and care of the OA.

Evaluation of turkish pharmaceutical track and trace system (ITS): perspective of community pharmacists

Abstract Turkish Pharmaceutical Track & Trace System (ITS) is implemented as a system in which drug movements are tracked in order to ensure drug safety. The system is integrated among drug stores, pharmacies and reimbursement institutions. As the pharmacies are the primary users, their evaluations regarding the system are considered important. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the pharmacies'- a shareholder of ITS in Turkey- satisfaction level for ITS and problems and suggestions encountered in the system. The most expressed contribution of ITS to the pharmacists' work was the ease of medicine tracking and control with 27.1%. The average satisfaction level of pharmacists about ITS was found to be 2.9±1.2. In the research, the most expressed of the regarding the areas of ITS that need to be developed is 'work without interruption' with 37.1%. ITS application has provided advantages for pharmacies in many aspects that facilitate operations. However, continuous development of technology, increasing information resources and diversity, changing expectations, and utilization levels of the users require the constant improvement of the performance of the system.

Efectividad del aplicativo de resultados críticos para el apoyo al diagnóstico y terapéutico de pacientes crónicos atendidos en una Clínica privada entre el 2017 y 2018 / Effectiveness of the critical results application to support the diagnosis and therapy of chronic patients treated in a private clinic between 2017 and 2018

Introducción: La oportuna prestación de servicios de salud es clave para reducir la morbimortalidad de pacientes crónicos, especialmente cuando se requiere una atención frente a un resultado crítico de exámenes auxiliares. En ese contexto, se evalúa un aplicativo web de resultados críticos en una Clínica privada acreditada por Joint Commission International (JCI). Objetivos: el presente estudio busca evaluar la efectividad de un aplicativo web en el reporte de resultados críticos de pacientes crónicos. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de cohorte retrospectiva. Se compararon dos etapas: la etapa de línea de base (implementación del software) versus la etapa final (evaluación). Resultados: Se registraron 122 resultados críticos de pacientes crónicos en la etapa de implementación y 113 en la etapa de evaluación. Se encontró una disminución en la media del tiempo de respuesta del profesional en la etapa de evaluación con relación a la etapa de implementación. La transcripción en los registros incrementó del 75,4% al 93,8% p<0,001, la continuidad de la atención por el mismo médico incrementó del 41,0% al 54,9% p<0,03. Asimismo, se redujo en 68% la probabilidad de fallecimiento. Conclusiones: El aplicativo web de resultados críticos mejoró el registro de la atención y redujo la mortalidad de pacientes crónicos que tuvieron un resultado crítico.

Introduction:Currently, the use of health technologies in the health system has become a subject of constant study and innovation. In this context, in an institution accredited by the Joint Commission International (JCI), a web application was implemented to manage critical results, which were defined as results that could put the patient's life at risk. Objectives: this study seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of an application in reporting critical results. Material and methods: Aretrospective cohort study was carried out. Two stages were compared: the baseline stage (software implementation) versus the final stage (evaluation). Results: 122 critical results were registered in the implementation stage and 113 in the evaluation stage. Adecrease was found in the average response time of the professional in the evaluation stage in relation to the implementation stage. The transcription in the records increased from 75.4% to 93.8% p <0.00, the continuity of care by the same doctor increased from 41.0% to 54.9% p <0.03. Likewise, the probability of death was reduced by 68%. Conclusions: Intheevaluationstage,mortalitydecreasedandthe transcription in the information registry of the critical results application improved towards the patient's clinical history. Likewise, it was possible to optimize the quality of care by ensuring that the follow-up of the patient throughout the entire care is carried out by the same doctor.

Efectividad del aplicativo de resultados críticos para el apoyo al diagnóstico y terapéutico de pacientes crónicos atendidos en una Clínica privada entre el 2017 y 2018 / Effectiveness of the critical results application to support the diagnosis and therapy of chronic patients treated in a private clinic between 2017 and 2018

RESUMEN Introducción: La oportuna prestación de servicios de salud es clave para reducir la morbimortalidad de pacientes crónicos, especialmente cuando se requiere una atención frente a un resultado crítico de exámenes auxiliares. En ese contexto, se evalúa un aplicativo web de resultados críticos en una Clínica privada acreditada por Joint Commission International (JCI). Objetivos: el presente estudio busca evaluar la efectividad de un aplicativo web en el reporte de resultados críticos de pacientes crónicos. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de cohorte retrospectiva. Se compararon dos etapas: la etapa de línea de base (implementación del software) versus la etapa final (evaluación). Resultados: Se registraron 122 resultados críticos de pacientes crónicos en la etapa de implementación y 113 en la etapa de evaluación. Se encontró una disminución en la media del tiempo de respuesta del profesional en la etapa de evaluación con relación a la etapa de implementación. La transcripción en los registros incrementó del 75,4% al 93,8% p<0,001, la continuidad de la atención por el mismo médico incrementó del 41,0% al 54,9% p<0,03. Asimismo, se redujo en 68% la probabilidad de fallecimiento. Conclusiones: El aplicativo web de resultados críticos mejoró el registro de la atención y redujo la mortalidad de pacientes crónicos que tuvieron un resultado crítico.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Currently, the use of health technologies in the health system has become a subject of constant study and innovation. In this context, in an institution accredited by the Joint Commission International (JCI), a web application was implemented to manage critical results, which were defined as results that could put the patient's life at risk. Objectives: this study seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of an application in reporting critical results. Material and methodo: A retrospective cohort study was carried out. Two stages were compared: the baseline stage (software implementation) versus the final stage (evaluation). Results: 122 critical results were registered in the implementation stage and 113 in the evaluation stage. A decrease was found in the average response time of the professional in the evaluation stage in relation to the implementation stage. The transcription in the records increased from 75.4% to 93.8% p <0.00, the continuity of care by the same doctor increased from 41.0% to 54.9% p <0.03. Likewise, the probability of death was reduced by 68%. Conclusions: In the evaluation stage, mortality decreased and the transcription in the information registry of the critical results application improved towards the patient's clinical history. Likewise, it was possible to optimize the quality of care by ensuring that the follow-up of the patient throughout the entire care is carried out by the same doctor.

Integrated Digital Health System Tools to Support Decision Making and Treatment Preparation in CKD: The PREPARE NOW Study.

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE: Digital health system tools to support shared decision making and preparation for kidney replacement treatments for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are needed. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive study of the implementation of digital infrastructure to support a patient-centered health system intervention. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: 4 CKD clinics within a large integrated health system. EXPOSURE: We developed an integrated suite of digital engagement tools to support patients' shared decision making and preparation for kidney failure treatments. Tools included an automated CKD patient registry and risk prediction algorithm within the electronic health record (EHR) to identify and prioritize patients in need of nurse case management to facilitate shared decision making and preparation for kidney replacement treatments, an electronic patient-facing values clarification tool, a tracking application to document patients' preparation for treatments, and an EHR work flow to broadcast patients' treatment preferences to all health care providers. OUTCOMES: Uptake and acceptability. ANALYTIC APPROACH: Mixed methods. RESULTS: From July 1, 2017, through June 30, 2018, the CKD registry identified 1,032 patients in 4 nephrology clinics, of whom 243 (24%) were identified as high risk for progressing to kidney failure within 2 years. Kidney Transitions Specialists enrolled 117 (48%) high-risk patients by the end of year 1. The values tool was completed by 30/33 (91%) patients who attended kidney modality education. Nurse case managers used the tracking application for 100% of patients to document 287 planning steps for kidney replacement therapy. Most (87%) high-risk patients had their preferred kidney replacement modality documented and displayed in the EHR. Nurse case managers reported that the tools facilitated their identification of patients needing support and their navigation activities. LIMITATIONS: Single institution, short duration. CONCLUSIONS: Digital health system tools facilitated rapid identification of patients needing shared and informed decision making and their preparation for kidney replacement treatments. FUNDING: This work was supported through a Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) Project Program Award (IHS-1409-20967). TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02722382.

Prontuário Eletrônico do Paciente (PEP) na Educação Médica: benefícios e preocupações / Electronic Health Record (EHR) in Medical Education: benefits and concerns / Historia Clínica Electrónica (HCE) del paciente en la educación médica: beneficios y las preocupaciones

Objetivo: Este artigo busca identificar quais os principais benefícios e as preocupações com o uso do Prontuário Eletrônico do Paciente (PEP) na educação médica. Método: Utilizou-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura em periódicos dos Portais CAPES e BVS, publicados entre 2009-2019. Resultados: Os principais benefícios estão relacionados ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem, com a facilidade e rapidez de acesso às informações dos pacientes que têm contribuído para o desenvolvimento do raciocínio clínico e o feedback dos preceptores sob as informações inseridas pelos alunos no PEP. A maior parte das preocupações está relacionada a questões institucionais com infraestrutura de tecnologia da informação e custos com licenças de uso do PEP pelos discentes. Conclusão: Este estudo apresenta aspectos do PEP que podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades clínicas nos discentes, quando utilizam a plataforma digital nas unidades de prática clínica.

Objective: This study identifies the main benefits and concerns of using Electronic Health Record (EHR) in Medical Education. Method: This is a systematic review of the literature in scientific journals, published between 2009-2019, and available through CAPES and BVS portals. Results: The main benefits identified were related with the teaching-learning process, with patient's information ease and speed of access which contributes both to the development of clinical reasoning and also to educators feedback based on students inputs using EHR. Most of the concerns are related with institutional issues such as information technology infrastructure and costs with students' licenses to use EHR. Conclusion: This study reveals EHR characteristics that contribute to the development of students clinical skills and abilities as they use the digital platform in clinical practice units.

Objetivo: Este estudio identificó los principales beneficios y las preocupaciones en la Historia Clínica Electrónica (HCE) del paciente en la educación médica. Método: Es una revisión sistemática de la literatura en periódicos de CAPES y BVS, publicados entre 2009-2019. Resultado: Los principales beneficios están relacionados al proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, con la facilidad y rapidez de acceso a las informaciones de los pacientes que contribuyen para el desarrollo del razonamiento clínico y la retroalimentación de los educadores desde las informaciones puestas por los alumnos en la HCE. La mayoría de las preocupaciones son sobre problemas institucionales de infraestructura de tecnología de información y costos con licencias de uso del HCE por los alumnos. Conclusión: Este estudio presenta aspectos del HCE que pueden contribuir al desarrollo de habilidades clínicas en los estudiantes, cuando utilicen la plataforma digital en las unidades de práctica clínica.

Prontuário Eletrônico do Paciente na educação médica: percepções de docentes e preceptores / Electronic Health Record in medical education: perceptions of teachers and preceptors

A implantação do Prontuário Eletrônico do Paciente (PEP) em unidades hospitalares de ensino tem proporcionado a integração do uso de tecnologia de informação em saúde (TIS) na educação médica e na prática clínica. Objetivo: Este estudo analisou a percepção de professores e preceptores-médicos, de uma universidade pública, sobre a integração do uso do PEP nas atividades práticas curriculares. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com seis professores e quatro preceptores de um curso de Medicina. O estudo adotou como categorias de análise os domínios de competências e os resultados de aprendizagem com o uso do PEP, identificados e aprimorados por um estudo multicêntrico inglês: saúde digital, acesso e geração de dados, comunicação, trabalho multiprofissional e acompanhamento e monitoramento. Adotou-se ainda a categoria "questões pedagógicas" para estimular a reflexão dos sujeitos da pesquisa sobre suas práticas pedagógicas com o PEP. Para análise dos dados, utilizou-se análise temática de conteúdo. Resultado: O estudo apontou que os professores e preceptores identificaram a necessidade de orientação formal para que os discentes utilizem TIS no seu desenvolvimento educacional e profissional, na preservação do sigilo e da confidencialidade das informações, e no atendimento ao paciente. Para os sujeitos da pesquisa, o uso de sistemas de suporte à decisão associados ao PEP contribui para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, além de possibilitar maior visibilidade das informações dos demais profissionais de saúde e o acompanhamento da história clínica dos pacientes pelos discentes. O PEP é uma ferramenta assistencial que tem potencial para promover o uso de metodologias ativas, pois contextualiza o ensino, permite autonomia e autoria aos discentes e os instiga na busca por conhecimento. Conclusão: A integração curricular de TIS tem sido apontada como um caminho para o desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades clínicas dos discentes, quando estiverem utilizando o PEP nas unidades de prática clínica.

The implementation of the Electronic Health Record (EHR) in hospital teaching units has promoted the integration of Health Information Technology (HIT) into medical education and clinical practice. Objective: The study analyzed teachers and preceptors' perceptions about the integration of EHR in curricular practices at a public university. Method: A qualitative study, in which data was collected through semi-structured interviews with six medical professors and four preceptors. The study adopted as categories of analysis the domains of competences and learning results from the use of EHR, identified and improved in a British multicenter study (Digital Health, Data Access and Generation, Communication, Multiprofessional Work, Accompaniment and Monitoring). A new category entitled "Pedagogical Issues", was included to stimulate subjects' reflections on their pedagogical practices with the EHR. Thematic content analysis was used for data analysis. Results: Teachers and preceptors agree that students need formal guidance on how to use HIT in their educational and professional development, and to preserve the secrecy and confidentiality of information during patient care using the EHR. For them, the use of decision support systems associated with EHR contributes to the teaching-learning process, in addition to allowing greater visibility of information from other health professionals, and facilitates student access to patients' clinical data. EHR is a support tool that has the potential to promote the use of active methodologies, to contextualize teaching, to provide student autonomy and authorship, and to instigate them in the search for knowledge. Conclusion: HIT curricular integration has been pointed out as a way for students to develop clinical competences and skills, when using EHR in their clinical practice units.

An Experience of Electronic Health Records Implementation in a Mexican Region.

Employing software engineering to build an integrated, standardized, and scalable solution is closely associated with the healthcare domain. Furthermore, new diagnostic techniques have been developed to obtain better results in less time, saving costs, and bringing services closer to the most unprotected areas. This paper presents the integration of a top-notch component, such as hardware, software, telecommunications, and medical equipment, to produce a complete system of Electronic Health Record (EHR). The EHR implementation aims to contribute to the expansion of the health services offer concerning people who live in locations where typically have difficult access to medical care. The methodology throughout the work is a Strategic Planning to set priorities, focus energy and resources, strengthen operations, ensure that directors, managers, employees, and other stakeholders are working toward common goals, establish agreement around intended outcomes/results. A medical and technical team is incorporated to complete the tasks of process and requirements analysis, software coding and design, technical support, training, and coaching for EHR system users throughout the implementation process. The adoption of those tools reflect notably some expected results and benefits on patient care. The EHR implementation ensures that information collection does not duplicate already existing information or duplicate effort and maximize the practical use of the data collected. Moreover, the EHR reduces mistakes in hospital readmissions, improves paperwork, promotes the progress of the state's health care system providing emergency, specialty, and primary health care in a rural area of Campeche. The EHR implementation is critical to support decision making and to promote public health. The total number of consults increased markedly from 2012 (14021) to 2019 (34751). The most commonly treated diseases in this region of Mexico are hypertension (17632) and diabetes (13156). The best results are obtained in the Nutrition (20,61%) and clinical psychology services (16,67%), and the worst levels are registered in pediatric and surgical oncology services where only 1,59% and 1,97% of the patients are admitted in less than 30 min, respectively.

Learning Hepatobiliary Anatomy through the Virtual 3d Anatomy Table / Aprendizado da Anatomia Hepatobiliar pela Mesa Anatômica Virtual 3D

ABSTRACT Objective to evaluate the effectiveness of the 3D virtual anatomical table as a complementary resource to the learning of the hepatobiliary anatomy by undergraduate medical students. Method A randomized controlled study comparing the anatomical learning of hepatobiliary structures, supported by a real model versus a virtual model, both three-dimensional (3D), by undergraduate medical students. The students' perception of the resources used to teach anatomy was also evaluated. The students were submitted to a pre-test and to two evaluations after the interventions were applied. Results Overall, both the 3D virtual anatomical table and the real liver increased students' knowledge of the hepatobiliary anatomy in relation to their previous knowledge (p = 0.001 and p = 0.01, respectively for second and third evaluations). In the longitudinal comparison between the pre-test and the second evaluation (hepatobiliary anatomy and Couinaud's segmentation), this increase was significantly higher in the group allocated to the real liver (p = 0.002); in the comparison of the pre-test with the third evaluation (inclusion of adjacent organs in the anatomical table or in the real liver), the increase in knowledge was significantly higher in the group allocated to the anatomical table (p = 0.04). The perception of participants' satisfaction regarding the learning resources was considered very good, with a minimum percentage of satisfaction of 80%. Conclusion the 3D virtual anatomical table provided more hepatobiliary anatomy knowledge than a real liver for undergraduate medical students, in comparison to their previous knowledge about these structures. In the cross-sectional comparison of the post-instruction evaluations, there was no difference between the two interventions. Moreover, the 3D platform had a positive impact on the level of satisfaction of study participants. This study shows that the 3D virtual anatomical table has the potential to improve both medical students' understanding and interest in anatomy. It is recommended, however, that future protocols such as this be carried out with larger samples and exploring other anatomical structures.

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a eficácia da mesa anatômica virtual 3D como recurso complementar ao aprendizado da anatomia hepatobiliar por estudantes de graduação em Medicina. Metodologia Trata-se de estudo randomizado e controlado que comparou a aprendizagem anatômica de estruturas hepatobiliares, apoiada por um modelo real versus por um modelo virtual, ambos tridimensionais (3D), por parte de estudantes de medicina. Avaliou-se também a percepção dos estudantes quanto aos recursos utilizados para o ensino da anatomia. Os alunos foram submetidos a um pré-teste e a duas avaliações após a aplicação das intervenções. Resultados Globalmente, tanto a mesa anatômica virtual 3D quanto o fígado real aumentaram o conhecimento dos estudantes sobre a anatomia hepatobiliar em relação ao conhecimento prévio deles (p = 0,001 e p = 0,01, respectivamente para a segunda e terceira avaliação). Na comparação longitudinal entre o pré-teste e a segunda avaliação (anatomia hepatobiliar e segmentação de Couinaud), esse aumento foi significantemente maior no grupo alocado para o fígado real (p = 0,002); já na comparação do pré-teste com a terceira avaliação (inclusão de órgãos anexos na mesa anatômica ou no fígado real), o aumento do conhecimento foi significantemente maior no grupo alocado para a mesa anatômica (p = 0,04). A percepção de satisfação dos participantes quanto aos recursos de aprendizagem foi considerada muito boa, com percentual mínimo de satisfação de 80%. Conclusão A mesa anatômica virtual 3D forneceu mais conhecimento de anatomia hepatobiliar que um fígado real para estudantes de medicina, em relação ao conhecimento prévio deles sobre essas estruturas. Na comparação transversal das avaliações pós-instrução, não houve diferença entre as duas intervenções. Além disso, a plataforma 3D teve um impacto positivo no nível de satisfação dos participantes do estudo. Este estudo mostra que a mesa anatômica virtual 3D tem potencial para melhorar tanto a compreensão quanto o interesse dos estudantes de medicina pela anatomia. Recomenda-se, no entanto, que futuros protocolos como este sejam realizados com amostras maiores e explorando outras estruturas anatômicas.

Avaliação do uso de sistemas de prontuário eletrônico nas unidades de terapia intensiva brasileiras / Evaluation of the use of electronic medical record systems in Brazilian intensive care units

RESUMO Objetivo: Examinar a prevalência do uso de sistemas de prontuário eletrônico nas unidades de terapia intensiva brasileiras, bem como a percepção dos médicos intensivistas em relação à contribuição dos sistemas de prontuário eletrônico para a melhoria da segurança e qualidade na prática clínica. Métodos: Por meio de questionário on-line, médicos que trabalhavam em unidades de terapia intensiva no Brasil responderam questões sobre o uso dos sistemas de prontuário eletrônico nos hospitais em que trabalhavam. As questões eram sobre o tipo de prontuário eletrônico utilizado e o nível de satisfação dos médicos com estes sistemas relativamente à melhoria na qualidade e na segurança. Resultados: Dos 4.772 convites enviados, 204 médicos responderam o questionário. A maioria utilizava sistema de prontuário e prescrição eletrônico (92,6%), trabalhava em hospitais privados (43,1%), em unidade de terapia intensiva adulto geral (66,7%), utilizava primordialmente o sistema privado A (39,2%), com tempo de implementação entre 2 a 4 anos (25,5%). Ainda, a maioria (84,6%) acreditava que o sistema eletrônico conferia mais qualidade que o sistema no papel, enquanto 76,7% percebiam uma melhor segurança nos sistemas eletrônicos comparados com aqueles no papel. Conclusão: Os sistemas de prontuário eletrônico parecem ser amplamente utilizados pelos médicos intensivistas brasileiros que responderam ao questionário e, segundo os dados, parecem conferir maior qualidade e segurança que o prontuário no papel.

ABSTRACT Objective: To examine the prevalence of the use of electronic medical record systems in Brazilian intensive care units and the perceptions of intensive care physicians regarding the contribution of electronic medical record systems toward improving safety and quality in clinical practice. Methods: Using an online questionnaire, physicians working in Brazilian intensive care units answered questions about the use of electronic medical record systems in the hospitals in which they worked. They were asked about the types of electronic medical record systems used and their levels of satisfaction with these systems in terms of improving quality and safety. Results: Of the 4,772 invitations sent, 204 physicians responded to the questionnaire. Most used electronic medical record and prescription systems (92.6%), worked in private hospitals (43.1%), worked in general adult intensive care units (66.7%) and used Private System A (39.2%); most systems had been used for between 2 and 4 years (25.5%). Furthermore, the majority (84.6%) believed that the electronic system provided better quality than a paper system, and 76.7% believed that electronic systems provided greater safety than paper systems. Conclusion: Electronic medical record systems seem to be widely used by the Brazilian intensive care physicians who responded to the questionnaire and, according to the data, seem to provide greater quality and safety than do paper records.

Older Adults' Perceptions of E-Prescribing: Impact on Patient Care.

OBJECTIVES: To describe older adult patients' perceptions and experiences with e-prescribing; and to explore the impact of e-prescribing on patient care, including patient-provider communication. METHODS: Seventy-five participants' aged 50 and older and living within one hour of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, completed a telephone survey that included items regarding basic demographics, general medication-taking behavior, and experiences with e-prescribing. RESULTS: A majority of participants expected e-prescriptions (84 percent) and preferred e-prescriptions to paper prescriptions (81 percent). Of the 57 participants whose doctors sent their prescriptions electronically, 93 percent reported being very satisfied with their doctor and 84 percent reported being very satisfied with their pharmacist in dealing with e-prescribed medications. Participants who received e-prescriptions reported more communication regarding medication-related topics with their doctor. CONCLUSIONS: E-prescribing is generally preferred to paper prescribing, and participants who use e-prescribing are satisfied with the e-prescribing process. E-prescribing may influence patient medication-taking behaviors through increased convenience, increased patient-provider communication, and the perception of improved care compared to traditional paper prescribing.

Measuring Diabetes Care Performance Using Electronic Health Record Data: The Impact of Diabetes Definitions on Performance Measure Outcomes.

The objective was to examine the use of electronic health record (EHR) data for diabetes performance measurement. Data were extracted from the EHR of a health system to identify patients with diabetes using 8 different EHR data-based methods of identification. These EHR-based methods were compared to the gold standard of a manual medical record review. The study team then assessed whether the method of identifying patients with diabetes could affect performance measurement scores. The sensitivity of the 8 EHR-based methods of identifying patients with diabetes ranged from moderate to high. The use of certain data elements in the EHR to identify patients with diabetes selectively identified those who had better performance measures. Diabetes performance measures are influenced by the data elements used to identify patients. As EHR data are used increasingly to measure performance, continuing to improve our understanding of how EHR data are collected and used will be critical.

Implantação do Plano Educacional no prontuário eletrônico para pacientes e familiares / Application of the educational plan in electronic medical records for patients and families / Aplicación del Plan de Educación en los registros médicos electrónicos para pacientes y familiares

Elaborar e implantar plano educacional de alta no prontuário eletrônico do paciente (PEP) realizados a pacientes e familiares pela equipe multiprofissional, bem como estimular o registro sistematizado das ações educativas. Método: Trata-se de um estudo do tipo relato de experiência realizado em um hospital privado no município de São Paulo, no período de outubro a dezembro de 2010. Resultados: O planejamento foi realizado a fim de uniformizar o processo educacional por meio da construção de uma ferramenta que direcionasse ações e as armazenasse de forma organizada. O Comitê de Educação de Pacientes e Familiares e a área de Tecnologia da Informação desenvolveram um workflow integrado ao PEP onde foram contemplados itens como: objetivo educacional, método de ensino e de compreensão do processo educativo e um campo para registro das ações de educação. Conclusão: A implantação do plano educacional foi bem sucedida. Como vantagens, identificamos a possibilidade de acesso remoto e simultâneo dos dados, compartilhamento de informações e legibilidade...

To develop and implement educational plans of high PEP performed in the patients and their families by the multidisciplinary team, as well as stimulate the record systematic educational activities. Method: This is experience report-type study performed at a private hospital in the city of São Paulo, from October to December 2010. Results: The plan was performed so as to harmonize the education process by building a tool to direct actions and store them in an organized way. The Committee of Patient and Family Member Education and the Information Technology area developed a workflow integrated to PEP, contemplating items such as: educational goals, education process teaching and understanding method, and a to record educational actions. Conclusion: Educational plan implementation was successful. As advantages, we have identified the possibility of remotely and simultaneously accessing data, sharing information, and the readability...

Desarrollar e implementar planes educativos de alta PEP realiza en los pacientes y sus familias por el equipo multidisciplinario, así como estimular el récord de actividades educativas sistemáticas. Metodo: Se trata de un estudio de tipo informe, realizado en un hospital privado en la ciudad de San Pablo, de octubre a diciembre del año 2010. Resultados: El plan se llevó a cabo con el fin de uniformar el proceso educativo, al crear una herramienta de direccionamiento de acciones y almacenamiento organizado. El Comité de Educación de Pacientes y Familiares y el área de Tecnología de la información desarrollaron un flujo de trabajo integrado con el PEP, que contempla elementos tales como: objetivos educativos, método de enseñanza y comprensión del proceso educativo y un campo para registrar las acciones educativas. Conclusión: La implementación de plan de Educación resultó exitosa. Como ventajas, hemos identificado la posibilidad del acceso a los datos de manera remota y simultánea, la de compartir información y la legibilidad...

The World Health Organization/World Bank's first World Report on Disability.

In June, 2011 at the United Nations (UN) in New York City, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Bank launched the first World Report on Disability. This short overview of the Report provides information about its purpose, development and content, intended audiences, and outcomes. Special attention is directed to the sections of the Report which address telerehabilitation and information and communication technology.

Ethics and health informatics: focus on Latin America and the Caribbean / Ética e informática en salud: enfoque sobre Latinoamérica y el Caribe / Ética e informática em saúde: enfoque sobra a América Latina e o Caribe

Expanding use of computers in medicine continues to raise interesting and important ethical issues. After a brief review of the history of work in ethics in medical informatics, this introduction to this special issue of Acta Bioethica makes the case that this work must be applied in a Latin American and Caribbean context. From the use of intelligent machines to the evolution of the World Wide Web, the region presents vital -and under addressed- challenges to clinicians and policy makers. Sustained and regional debates, curriculum development and empirical and conceptual scholarship are among the means to ensure ethically optimized applications of health information technology in the region.

El creciente empleo de computadores en el área médica continúa planteando interesantes e importantes temas de salud. Después de una breve revisión de la historia de trabajos en ética de la informática en medicina, esta introducción al número especial de Acta Bioethica señala que este trabajo debe realizarse en un contexto latinoamericano y del Caribe. A partir del empleo de máquinas inteligentes hasta la evolución de la World Wide Web (WWW), la región presenta desafíos vitales -pero de muy poca atención- para los médicos y encargados de políticas públicas. Debates regionales continuos, desarrollo curricular y estudios empíricos y conceptuales figuran entre los medios que asegurarán en la región el uso éticamente óptimo de la tecnología de la información en salud.

O crescente emprego de computadores na área médica continua levantando interessantes e importantes temas de saúde. Após uma breve revisão da história de trabalhos em ética da informática em medicina, esta introdução ao número especial de Acta Bioethica, assinala que este trabalho deve realizar- se num contexto latino americano e do Caribe. A partir do emprego de máquinas inteligentes até a evolução da World Wide Web (WWW), a região apresenta desafios vitais, porem de muito pouca atenção, para os médicos e encarregados de políticas públicas. Debates regionais contínuos, desenvolvimento curricular e estudos empíricos e conceptuais figuram entre os médicos que asseguram na região uma utilização ótima, eticamente falando da tecnologia da informação em saúde.