What influences dental students' attitudes regarding the treatment of older adults? A scoping review.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to investigate the literature to evaluate dental students' attitudes regarding the treatment of older adults. METHODS: A scoping review was performed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses/PRISMA guidelines to identify articles from four electronic databases: MEDLINE via the PubMed interface, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and AgeLine. Gray literature searches were also performed in Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses-Health and Medicine. RESULTS: Eleven articles were assessed. The majority (72, 72%) were published between 2011 and 2020, evidencing various contexts of dental students, such as different countries and cultures, and levels of education. The most commonly used tool/instrument to survey dental students' attitudes was the Aging Semantic Differential Scale. Student age, race, and marital status did not seem to interfere with dental students' attitudes regarding the treatment of older adults. CONCLUSIONS: Dental students tend to have a positive attitude toward older people. In this context, female students, students who interact with older people, and clinical students have more positive attitudes than male and nonclinical students.

Transcultural Adaptation and Validity Evidence of the Child Forensic Attitude Scale (CFAS) - Brazilian Version.

Child sexual abuse is a serious problem in Brazil and requires actions taken together by Justice, Security, Health and Social Welfare to effectively protect and guarantee victims' rights. Professionals working in these fields have difficulty in evaluating cases, owing to limitations of the Brazilian Welfare Network and lack of specialized training. Such difficulty may cause professionals to carry out poorly substantiated assessments and fail to properly protect victims. Instruments to measure professionals' attitudes in the assessment of situations of sexual violence are scarce. As a result, this study aimed to adapt and evaluate validity evidence of the Child Forensic Attitude Scale (CFAS) in the Brazilian context. A total of 177 professionals (86.4% females), with a mean age of 37.6 years (SD = 10.1 years) participated in the survey. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that in the Brazilian context, the scale structure presents three first-order oblique factors, namely "Fear of Not Identifying Abuse" (F-Under), "Fear of Overcalling Abuse" (F-Over) and "Skepticism" (Skep). The internal consistency of the three dimensions was satisfactory (F-Under, α = 0.66, F-Over, α = 0.80, and Skep, α = 0.92). Evidence has shown that the CFAS can be used to evaluate health professionals' attitudes when assessing cases of sexual violence against children and adolescents in Brazil. This instrument can support the assessment of health professionals' attitudes, and it emphasizes the importance of qualifying Brazilian professionals in the Welfare Network services by providing training opportunities regarding work with victims of sexual abuse.

Revisão de uma escala para avaliar atitudes de estudantes de medicina / Revision of a scale to measure attitudes of medical students / Revisión de una escala para medir actitudes de estudiantes de medicina

O objetivo do presente estudo foi revisar uma escala para avaliar atitudes de estudantes de medicina, verificando evidências de validade de construto e consistência interna. A escala original com 102 itens foi administrada em amostra de 310 estudantes de diferentes fases do curso de medicina, com idades entre 18 e 47 anos (M=23,2 e DP=3,6), sendo 54,2% do sexo feminino. Para investigar a estrutura do instrumento, foi realizada análise de componentes principais com rotação Promax. O número de componentes extraídos foi definido por análise paralela. A solução final com seis componentes principais explicou 39,2% da variância total. Os índices de consistência interna (alfa de Cronbach) dos seis componentes variaram entre 0,65 e 0,87. A escala revisada de 50 itens apresenta evidências satisfatórias de validade de construto e de consistência interna na amostra pesquisada...

The objective of the present study was to revise a scale to measure attitudes of medical students and to verify internal consistency and construct validity evidence of the revised scale. The original scale, consisting of 102 items, was administered to a sample of 310 students in different phases of medical school with ages varying between 18 and 47 years (M=23.2 and DP=3.6), 54.2% being female. To investigate the internal structure of the instrument, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with Promax rotation was performed. Parallel Analysis was used to define the number of components to extract. The final solution of six principal components explained 39.2% of the total variance. The internal consistency indices (Cronbach’s Alpha) of the six components varied between 0.65 and 0.87. The revised scale, consisting of 50 items, presents satisfactory internal consistency and construct validity evidence in the studied sample...

El objetivo del presente estudio fue revisar una escala para medir actitudes de estudiantes de medicina y verificar evidencias de validez de constructo y consistencia interna en la escala revisada. La escala original, compuesta por 102 ítems, fue aplicada a una muestra de 310 estudiantes de diferentes semestres del curso de medicina, con edades de entre 18 y 47 años (M=23,2 e DP=3,6), siendo el 54,2% de sexo femenino. A fin de investigar la estructura del instrumento, fue realizado el procedimiento de Análisis de Componentes Principales con rotación Promax. El número de componentes extraído fue definido mediante Análisis Paralelo. La solución final con seis componentes principales explicó 39,2% de la variancia total. Los índices de consistencia interna (Alfa de Cronbach) de los componentes variaron entre 0,65 y 0,87. A escala revisada, compuesta por 50 ítems, presenta evidencias satisfactorias de validez de constructo y de consistencia interna en la muestra investigada...

Revisão de uma escala para avaliar atitudes de estudantes de medicina / Revision of a scale to measure attitudes of medical students / Revisión de una escala para medir actitudes de estudiantes de medicina

O objetivo do presente estudo foi revisar uma escala para avaliar atitudes de estudantes de medicina, verificando evidências de validade de construto e consistência interna. A escala original com 102 itens foi administrada em amostra de 310 estudantes de diferentes fases do curso de medicina, com idades entre 18 e 47 anos (M=23,2 e DP=3,6), sendo 54,2% do sexo feminino. Para investigar a estrutura do instrumento, foi realizada análise de componentes principais com rotação Promax. O número de componentes extraídos foi definido por análise paralela. A solução final com seis componentes principais explicou 39,2% da variância total. Os índices de consistência interna (alfa de Cronbach) dos seis componentes variaram entre 0,65 e 0,87. A escala revisada de 50 itens apresenta evidências satisfatórias de validade de construto e de consistência interna na amostra pesquisada.(AU)

The objective of the present study was to revise a scale to measure attitudes of medical students and to verify internal consistency and construct validity evidence of the revised scale. The original scale, consisting of 102 items, was administered to a sample of 310 students in different phases of medical school with ages varying between 18 and 47 years (M=23.2 and DP=3.6), 54.2% being female. To investigate the internal structure of the instrument, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with Promax rotation was performed. Parallel Analysis was used to define the number of components to extract. The final solution of six principal components explained 39.2% of the total variance. The internal consistency indices (Cronbach’s Alpha) of the six components varied between 0.65 and 0.87. The revised scale, consisting of 50 items, presents satisfactory internal consistency and construct validity evidence in the studied sample.(AU)

El objetivo del presente estudio fue revisar una escala para medir actitudes de estudiantes de medicina y verificar evidencias de validez de constructo y consistencia interna en la escala revisada. La escala original, compuesta por 102 ítems, fue aplicada a una muestra de 310 estudiantes de diferentes semestres del curso de medicina, con edades de entre 18 y 47 años (M=23,2 e DP=3,6), siendo el 54,2% de sexo femenino. A fin de investigar la estructura del instrumento, fue realizado el procedimiento de Análisis de Componentes Principales con rotación Promax. El número de componentes extraído fue definido mediante Análisis Paralelo. La solución final con seis componentes principales explicó 39,2% de la variancia total. Los índices de consistencia interna (Alfa de Cronbach) de los componentes variaron entre 0,65 y 0,87. A escala revisada, compuesta por 50 ítems, presenta evidencias satisfactorias de validez de constructo y de consistencia interna en la muestra investigada.(AU)

Atitudes sociais de profissionais que atuam junto a pessoas com deficiência, no Rio de Janeiro, no contexto das políticas públicas de inclusão / Social attitudes of professionals who work with impaired people in Rio de Janeiro within the context of public policies for inclusion

Este artigo investigou e analisou as atitudes sociais de profissionais que trabalhavam com pessoas com deficiência em instituições de atendimento clínico e educacional especializado no Rio de Janeiro no contexto atual das políticas públicas de inclusão. Foi aplicada a Escala Likert de Atitudes Sociais em relação à Inclusão (ELASI) a 44 profissionais para analisar suas atitudes sociais em relação à inclusão e discutir essas atitudes face às atuais políticas públicas de inclusão nacionais e internacionais. Os altos escores obtidos na análise da escala demonstraram que as atitudes sociais dos profissionais frente à inclusão eram positivas. Contudo, a despeito do contexto das políticas inclusivas e das atitudes sociais positivas apresentadas pelos profissionais participantes deste estudo, é importante discutir o desafio para promover uma real inclusão. Para a superação do modelo excludente nos dias atuais, faz-se necessário integrar teoria e prática no contexto da inclusão, tanto em nível estratégico (político) quanto em nível tático (atividades cotidianas de reabilitação nas instituições). (AU)

The authors investigated and analyzed social attitudes of professionals who worked with impaired people in clinical and educational specialized institutions in Rio de Janeiro in the context of public policies for inclusion. The Likert Scale of Social Attitudes toward Inclusion(ELASI) was applied to 44 professionals aiming to analyze their social attitudes toward inclusion as well as to discuss those attitudes regarding national and international public policies for inclusion. The high scores of the ELASI scales showed that social attitudes of professionals towards inclusion were positive. However, despite of the existence either of public policies for inclusion and of positive social attitudes among professionals, the promotion of social inclusion remains a real challenge. (AU)