Representações sociais da autoproteção profissional e pessoal para Enfermeiros no contexto da COVID-19 / Social Representations of Professional and Personal Self-Protection for Nurses in the COVID-19 Context / Representaciones sociales de la autoprotección profesional y personal para enfermeros en el contexto del COVID-19

Objetivo: analisar as representações sociais da autoproteção profissional e pessoal dos enfermeiros no contexto da Covid-19. Método: estudo descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, pautado na Teoria das Representações Sociais, abordagem processual. Participaram 30 enfermeiros que realizaram cuidados de enfermagem a pacientes com Covid-19, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevista semiestruturada entre abril e maio 2021, realizada em plataforma online. O tratamento dos dados foi realizado com a técnica de análise de conteúdo temático-categorial. Resultado: a análise resultou em quatro categorias: Representações sociais e práticas relativas a Covid-19; Representações sociais da autoproteção; Desafios no enfrentamento da Covid-19: autoproteção pessoal e profissional; e Estrutura e fluxo de atendimento e sua relação com a autoproteção profissional. Considerações finais: houve engajamento dos profissionais no uso dos EPI na pandemia, o que aponta uma preocupação quanto à autoproteção na prestação de cuidados à pacientes com a Covid-19.

Objective: to analyze the social representations of professional and personal self-protection among nurses in the context of Covid-19. Method: a descriptive study with a qualitative approach, based on the Social Representations Theory, using a procedural approach. Thirty nurses who provided nursing care to Covid-19 patients in the State of Rio de Janeiro participated in the study. Data collection took place through semi-structured interviews between April and May 2021, conducted on an online platform. Data analysis was performed using the thematic-categorical content analysis technique. Results: The analysis resulted in four categories of social representations and practices related to challenges in coping with Covid-19: personal and professional self-protection; Care structure and flow and its relationship with professional self-protection. Final considerations: There was engagement of professionals in the use of PPE during the pandemic, indicating a concern regarding self-protection in providing care to patients with Covid-19.

Objetivo: analizar las representaciones sociales de la autoprotección profesional y personal de los enfermeros en el contexto del Covid-19. Método: estudio descriptivo, con enfoque cualitativo, basado en la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales, enfoque procesal. Participaron 30 enfermeros que brindaron cuidados de enfermería a pacientes con Covid-19 en el Estado de Río de Janeiro. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas entre abril y mayo de 2021, realizadas en una plataforma online. El procesamiento de los datos se realizó mediante la técnica de análisis de contenido temático categorial. Resultado: del análisis surgieron cuatro categorías: Representaciones sociales y prácticas relacionadas con el Covid-19; Representaciones sociales de la autoprotección; Desafíos de enfrentar el Covid-19: autoprotección personal y profesional; y Estructura y flujo de atención y su relación con la autoprotección profesional. Consideraciones finales: los profesionales demostraron compromiso en el uso de EPP durante la pandemia, lo que indica que se preocupaban por autoprotegerse durante la atención a pacientes con Covid-19.

Development of coparenting during the transition to parenthood: Integrating parents' representations with observed interactions.

The transition to parenthood is a significant period of transformation and adjustment for all members of a new family, reshaping relational dynamics that often endure throughout the initial years of a child's life. This qualitative and longitudinal study aimed to explore coparenting representations held by both partners in a parental couple, along with observations of their family interactions, at three distinct points in time, with the aim to better understand the interaction between these representational and behavioral observations. In-depth interviews were conducted with 17 heterosexual, first-time parents in Santiago de Chile, during pregnancy and at two different times during the first year of their child's life. Family interactions were assessed using the Lausanne Trilogue Play task (LTP) on all occasions. Three main coparenting representation categories emerged: traditional, ambiguous, and co-responsible. On observation, approximately half of the couples showed cooperative coparenting interactions, while the other half had conflictual interactions. Couples generally followed stable trajectories over time. Cooperative couples demonstrated co-responsibility and open dialogue, while conflictual couples tended to follow traditional gender roles with tacit communication styles. This study highlights the importance of promoting co-responsibility and dialogue for fostering cooperative relational dynamics during the critical transition to parenthood.

La transición a la paternidad/maternidad es un período significativo de transformación y ajuste para todos los miembros de una nueva familia, dándole nueva forma a las dinámicas de relación que a menudo se sobrellevan a lo largo de los años iniciales de la vida del niño. Este estudio cualitativo y longitudinal se propuso explorar las representaciones en la crianza compartida que tienen ambos miembros de una pareja de padres, junto con observaciones de sus interacciones familiares, en tres puntos distintivos en el tiempo, con el propósito de comprender mejor la interacción entre estas observaciones representacionales y de comportamiento. Se llevaron a cabo entrevistas profundas con 17 padres primerizos, heterosexuales, en Santiago de Chile, durante el embarazo y en dos momentos diferentes durante el primer año de vida de sus niños. Se evaluaron las interacciones de familia usando la tarea del Juego Tripartito de Lausanne (LTP) en todas las ocasiones. Tres principales categorías representacionales de crianza compartida surgieron: tradicional, ambigua y de responsabilidad compartida. Bajo observación, aproximadamente la mitad de las parejas mostró interacciones cooperadoras de crianza compartida, mientras que la otra mitad tuvo interacciones conflictivas. Las parejas generalmente siguieron trayectorias estables a lo largo del tiempo. Las parejas cooperadoras demostraron responsabilidad compartida y diálogo abierto, mientras que las parejas conflictivas tendieron a seguir papeles tradicionales de género con estilo de comunicación tácitos. Este estudio subraya la importancia de promover la responsabilidad compartida y el diálogo para cultivar relaciones dinámicas de cooperación durante la crucial transición a la paternidad/maternidad.

Representaciones sociales sobre diabetes tipo 2 en pacientes del área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, Argentina

Introducción: Las características y complejidad de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 motivan la necesidad de un abordaje multi e interdisciplinario. El estudio persigue caracterizar las representaciones sociales de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 que posee un grupo de pacientes adultos, residentes en Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, Argentina Método: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, corte transversal. Se aplicó cuestionario sociodemográfico elaborado ad hoc y técnica de palabras asociadas. Participaron 90 pacientes adultos, reclutados principalmente del servicio de diabetológica del Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martin" dependiente de la Universidad de Buenos Aires. Resultados: El núcleo de la representación social estuvo integrado por palabras referidas al impacto y malestar emocional que causa esta patología; la identidad de la enfermedad y la necesidad de cuidado de la salud. La periferia contuvo los siguientes temas, de mayor a menor importancia: obesidad, complicaciones de la diabetes, plan alimentario, tratamiento médico y medicación. En menor medida, se mencionaron elementos como actividad física y sedentarismo. De manera tangencial, surgieron los elementos de desinformación y sexualidad. Discusión: La representación social de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en pacientes se caracteriza por reflejar, en su núcleo, el temor, impacto y malestar que causa esta enfermedad. La reproducción del discurso médico mediante los temas referidos a factores de riesgo, complicaciones y tratamiento, conforman el sistema periférico de la representación. Elementos importantes tales como actividad física, sedentarismo, desinformación y sexualidad, son poco mencionados. Se destaca la importancia de la salud mental, como una problemática central a abordar en este tipo de patologías. También se sugiere implementación de educación terapéutica.

Introduction: Characteristics and complexity of type 2 diabetes generates the need for a multi and interdisciplinary approach. The aim of the study is to characterize social representations of type 2 diabetes in a group of adult patients, living in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Method: Descriptive and cross-sectional design. An ad-hoc sociodemographic questionnaire and the associated words technique were applied. 90 adult patients participated, recruited mainly from a diabetes service of a public hospital. Results: The core of the social representation was made up of words referring to the impact and emotional discomfort caused by this pathology, the identity of the disease and the need for health care. The periphery contained the following topics, from most to least important: obesity, diabetes complications, eating plan, medical treatment, and medication. Elements such as physical activity and sedentary lifestyle were mentioned to a lesser extent. Also, misinformation and sexuality were mentioned tangentially. Discussion: Social representation of type 2 diabetes in patients is characterized by reflecting at its core, the fear, impact and discomfort that this disease causes. The reproduction of medical discourse, through topics related to risk factors, complications and treatment, make up the peripheral system of representation. Important elements such as physical activity, sedentary lifestyle, misinformation and sexuality are rarely mentioned. The importance of mental health is highlighted as a central problem to be addressed in this type of pathology. Also, it's suggested the implementation of therapeutic education.

Representações culturais do câncer de mama: uma revisão de escopo / Breast cancer cultural representations: a scoping review

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é mapear a produção científica global sobre representações sociais ou culturais e câncer de mama no campo da saúde coletiva e discutir como esse fenômeno se apresenta na literatura. Foi realizada uma revisão de escopo, tendo como norte a seguinte pergunta: "Como representações culturais ou sociais no contexto do câncer de mama são descritas na produção científica global no âmbito da saúde coletiva?". As buscas foram realizadas em cinco fontes de literatura científica, sendo incluídos 45 estudos. O tratamento analítico seguiu a técnica de análise de conteúdo na modalidade temática. O acervo analisado pode ser tematizado nas seguintes categorias: (1) Comprometimento na imagem corporal e nas interações; (2) Espiritualidade; (3) Perda do controle da vida; (4) Seguir com a vida e (5) Associação a questões étnico-raciais. Apesar dos avanços da biomedicina, observa-se que nas representações do câncer de mama ainda permanecem metáforas associadas ao câncer no século passado. Conclui-se que, dentre outros aspectos, a atenção a mulheres com câncer de mama não pode ser pautada apenas pelas abordagens biomédica e epidemiológica, uma vez que essa doença é atravessada por saberes que competem com essas abordagens.

Abstract This article aims to map the global scientific production on social or cultural representations and breast cancer in Public Health and discuss how it is presented in the literature. We conducted a scoping review guided by the question: "How are cultural or social representations in the context of breast cancer described in the global scientific Public Health production?". We searched for works in five scientific literature sources and included 45 studies. The analytical process followed the content analysis technique in the thematic modality. The analyzed collection can be thematized into the following categories: (1) Compromised body image and interactions, (2) Spirituality, (3) Loss of control over life, (4) Going on with life, and (5) Association with ethnic-racial issues. Despite advances in biomedicine, we observed that representations of breast cancer still have metaphors associated with cancer in the last century. We conclude that, among other aspects, care for women with breast cancer cannot be guided only by biomedical and epidemiological approaches since this disease is traversed by knowledge that competes with these approaches.

Beliefs and practices of the nursing team related to pressure injury preventive measures: A analysis of social representations.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To analyse the process of elaborating social representations about pressure injury preventive measures by the nursing team (nurses and nurse technicians) and how this process relates to preventive practices for hospitalized patients. DESIGN: Qualitative study, with the application of the theory of social representations in its procedural methodological approach. METHODS: The study was carried out in an inpatient clinic of a public hospital in the state of Rondônia, Brazil. Totally, 28 nursing professionals in the medical clinic sectors who had worked directly with patient care for more than 6 months participated. The data were collected between July and September 2021 via in-depth interviews with the application of a semi-structured instrument. Analysis was carried out with the help of ALCESTE software, which performed a lexicographic analysis, and also via thematic analysis. The COREQ guided the presentation of the research report. RESULTS: The social representations were developed based on the professionals' symbolic beliefs about the visibility/invisibility of the results of applying preventive care. These symbolic constructions mobilized positive and negative feelings among the nursing team, which guided the classification of prevention practices as being of greater or lesser priority among other care activities. There were favourable attitudes among professionals, which included applying prevention measures in their daily routines, and unfavourable attitudes of non-adherence to the institution's protocol for preventing pressure injuries. CONCLUSIONS: The nursing team's perception of pressure injury prevention is influenced by symbolic, affective, values, and social dimensions. Non-adherence behaviours are attributed to the belief in the invisibility of prevention outcomes, resulting in a reluctance to implement preventive measures. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Understanding the subjective logic that explains the thinking and actions of the nursing team suggests the need to incorporate discussions on beliefs, values, sentiments, and attitudes of nursing professionals into educational programs on pressure injury prevention. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No public contribution.

The Homophobia Course in the Life of Older Gay Men in Brazil: Their Social Representations.

This study aims at understanding the social representations of homophobia among older gay men. A number of 20 older gay men aged between 60 and 75 years old participated of the study; the average age was 63.25 years old (SD = 3.58). In the data collection, a semi-structured interview about homophobia was used; they were analyzed on IRAMUTEQ, which compiles the descendant hierarchical classification. The corpus was divided into three classes of social representations. The first representation comprises images of prejudice within society. The second one presents social representations involving reports of internalized homophobia and the experiencing of prejudice. The third one shows social representations about physical and identity violations. The social representations of homophobia show how the participants lead their actions in society, being based upon risk and protection issues to face the objective and subjective difficulties present in their social representations.

Women's body representations across the life course: A comparative study in Southern Brazil.

The aim of this study is to observe how women of different ages represent their bodies and the changes they undergo across their life course. The research is based on the theory of social representations, idealized by Serge Moscovici. A total of 201 women between 25 and 88 years old from southern Brazil participated in the research. The methodological instrument consists of a questionnaire containing free associations, sentence completion and selection of images. The processing and classification of the data were done by the software Evoc (2000) and content analysis. The results showed differences between the age groups. Younger women represented the body according to aesthetic references and manifested the desire to monitor the body. Older women related the body more frequently with notions of health, social relationships, and leisure. The memories of a younger body and anticipations of an older one reflected the conventions about ageing. The study also shows that concerns about bodily limitations and age-related diseases were frequent in all age groups and may guide behaviour and attitudes towards the body. The study can inform policymakers on the needs and expectations of a growing ageing sector of the population in Brazil and worldwide.

Um Lótus ou um Dragão? - a orientalização e fetichização dos corpos das mulheres Asiáticas / A Lotus or a Dragon? - The orientalization and fetishization of Asian women's bodies

Resumo Este artigo provém das entrevistas realizadas com mulheres Chinesas residentes em Lisboa, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 34 anos, no decorrer da primeira fase do trabalho de campo (2021/2022). Resultante do meu projeto de Doutoramento em Antropologia aqui busco compreender como mulheres asiáticas são observadas na experiência do quotidiano enquanto organismos fetichizados e como seguem (re)construindo as suas identidades. Percorrendo essencialmente representações visuais da "yellow fever" (o cinema de Hollywood em filmes como "O Mundo de Suzie Wong", "Madame Butterfly", "Miss Saigon" e "Year of the Dragon" e a pornografia inter-racial) procuro explorar como a "raça", a "fetichização sexual" e as imagens estereotipadas exaustivamente disseminadas, afetam a vida das minhas interlocutoras.

Abstract This article stems from interviews conducted with Chinese women residing in Lisbon, aged 18-34, during the initial phase of fieldwork (2021/2022). As an outcome of my Anthropology Ph.D. project, the focus here is on comprehending the perception of Asian women within the realm of everyday life as fetishized entities and how they persist in (re)shaping their identities. By primarily examining visual "yellow fever" depictions (in Hollywood cinema through films like "The World of Suzie Wong", "Madame Butterfly", "Miss Saigon", and the "Year of the Dragon", along with interracial Pornography), I endeavor to delve into the impact of "race", "sexual fetishization", and the ubiquitous propagation of stereotypical imagery on the lives of the individuals I engage with.

Representações sociais do cuidador familiar sobre cuidados paliativos em paciente terminal / Social representations of the family caregiver about palliative care in terminal patient / Representaciones sociales del cuidador familiar sobre cuidados paliativos en pacientes terminales

Objetivo: analisar as representações sociais dos cuidadores familiares sobre os cuidados paliativos em paciente terminal. Método: estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa. Para a interpretação dos resultados foi empregado como aporte teórico a Teoria das Representações Sociais. A pesquisa foi realizada com 30 cuidadores familiares de pacientes com câncer em estágio final. Resultado: observou-se a dimensão do cuidador familiar e o meio inserido das representações sociais. O cuidador não é um mero familiar, mas sim alguém que sofre junto com o doente, principalmente, os que estão com câncer em fase terminal, e por isso também precisa de orientações para seus cuidados físico e emocional. Discussão: A teoria das representações sociais, vinculada a área da saúde do cuidador familiar. Considerações finais: As representações sociais do cuidador familiar possibilitaram identificar a verdadeira extensão das questões diárias no cotidiano profissional

Objective: to analyze the social representations of family caregivers about palliative care in terminally ill patients. Method: descriptive study with a qualitative approach. For the interpretation of the results, the Theory of Social Representations was used as a theoretical contribution. The research was conducted with 30 family caregivers of end-stage cancer patients. Result: the dimension of the family caregiver and the inserted environment of the social representations were observed. The caregiver is not a mere family member, but someone who suffers together with the patient, especially those with terminal cancer, and therefore also needs guidance for their physical and emotional care. Discussion: the theory of social representations, linked to the area of family caregiver health. Final considerations:The social representations of the family caregiver made it possible to identify the true extent of daily issues in the professional routine

Objetivos: analizar las representaciones sociales de los cuidadores familiares sobre los cuidados paliativos en pacientes terminales. Método: estudio descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo. Para la interpretación de los resultados se utilizó como aporte teórico la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales. La investigación se llevó a cabo con 30 cuidadores familiares de pacientes con cáncer en etapa terminal. Resultado: se observó la dimensión del cuidador familiar y el ambiente inserto de las representaciones sociales. El cuidador no es un simple miembro de la familia, sino alguien que sufre junto con el paciente, especialmente aquellos con cáncer terminal, y por lo tanto también necesita orientación para su cuidado físico y emocional. Discusión: La teoría de las representaciones sociales, vinculada al área de la salud del cuidador familiar. Consideraciones finales: las representaciones sociales del cuidador familiar permitieron identificar la verdadera extensión de las cuestiones cotidianas en el cotidiano profesional

Social Representations Theory and the STAM: Acceptance of the Internet among Older Adults / Teoria das Representações Sociais e Modelo STAM: Aceitação da Internet entre Idosos

Abstract This study aimed to understand the social representations and acceptance of the Internet among older adults through the STAM. The participants consisted of 18 older adults divided into three groups based on their level of inclusion (low, medium/high, and low/medium). Before and after the group sessions, an attitude questionnaire was administered online. The questionnaire items underwent descriptive and relational analysis, while the data from the focus group were subjected to content analysis. We observed that the first group displayed a potential rejection of the technology due to concerns about time loss and a lack of perceived usefulness. In contrast, the second and third groups viewed the Internet as a tool that brings families together and requires patience, leading to a greater intention to use it and experimentation. The study identified that the older adults' thoughts, attitudes, and social representations, not only about the Internet but also about aging, significantly influenced their intention to use the Internet and their perception of its usefulness.

Resumo A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo compreender as representações sociais e aceitação da internet pelo modelo STAM para idosos. Participaram 18 idosos divididos em 3 grupos, por nível de inclusão (baixo, médio/alto e baixo/médio). Antes e após o grupo foi aplicado um questionário de atitudes frente à internet. Os itens do questionário foram submetidos a análises descritivas e relacionais, e os dados do grupo focal à análise de conteúdo. Percebeu-se que no primeiro grupo houve a possibilidade de rejeição da tecnologia associada à perda de tempo e não percepção de utilidade. Para o segundo e terceiro grupo a internet surge como algo que aproxima a família e exige paciência, o que favorece a alta intenção de uso e experimentação. Foi possível identificar que o pensamento do idoso sobre a internet, suas atitudes e representações sociais, não apenas sobre a rede, mas também sobre envelhecimento, influenciam na intenção de uso da internet e utilidade percebida.

Social representations of loneliness in people aged at least seventy years old / Representações sociais da solidão em pessoas septuagenárias e em idosos / Representación social de la soledad en personas septuagenarias y de mayor edad

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the social representations of loneliness in older adults. Method: an exploratory and qualitative research study conducted in Lambayeque, Peru, by applying the Theory of Social Representations. A sociodemographic questionnaire was applied and in-depth interviews were conducted employing the semi-structured instrument with 32 older adults aged at least 70 years old, 50% belonging to each gender. Simple statistics and percentage analysis were applied to the sociodemographic data. The interviews were analyzed in the Alceste software program, subjecting them to lexicographic analysis. Results: the negative social representations refer to weak or impaired social relations with insufficient social support, thus vulnerabilizing older adults. The positive ones refer to pleasurable activities with no other people involved, assuming loneliness as adequate for intimacy, for listening to silence, for enjoying harmony and peace, for internal self-connection and for leading a pleasurable life, valuing it and strengthening the spiritual dimension. Conclusion: there is certain dialectics in the conception of loneliness: negative when it refers to the social context and to older adults' relationships with others; and positive when it represents an opportunity to embrace loneliness and perform pleasurable activities without depending on other people. It is indispensable to foster such positive aspects in the care provided to aged people.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar as representações sociais da solidão em idosos. Método: pesquisa exploratória e qualitativa, aplicando a Teoria das Representações Sociais, realizada em Lambayeque, Peru. Aplicou-se um questionário sociodemográfico, sendo realizadas entrevistas em profundidade usando um instrumento semiestruturado, com 32 idosos com idade acima dos setenta anos, sendo 50% do sexo masculino e 50% do sexo feminino. Aplicou-se estatística simples e análise porcentual aos dados sociodemográficos. As entrevistas foram analisadas no software Alceste e submetidas à análise lexicográfica. Resultados: as representações negativas fazem referência a relações sociais fragilizadas ou diminuídas, com insuficiente apoio emocional, vulnerabilizando aos idosos. As positivas fazem referência a atividades prazerosas sem presença de outras pessoas, assumindo a solidão como adequada para a intimidade, para escutar o silencio, ter harmonia e paz, conectar-se internamente e viver uma vida agradável, valorar a vida e fortalecer a dimensão espiritual. Conclusão: há uma dialética na concepção da solidão: negativa quando se refere ao contexto social e às relações dos idosos com outras pessoas; e positiva quando representa uma oportunidade de abraçar a solidão e realizar atividades prazerosas sem depender de outros. É imprescindível fomentar esses aspectos positivos no cuidado dos idosos.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar las representaciones sociales de la soledad en adultos mayores. Método: investigación exploratoria, cualitativa, aplicando la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales, realizada en Lambayeque, Perú. Se aplicó cuestionario sociodemográfico y se realizó entrevista en profundidad empleando instrumento semiestructurado, con 32 adultos mayores de 70 años o más, 50% de cada sexo. Se aplicó estadística simple y análisis porcentual a los datos sociodemográficos. Las entrevistas fueron analizadas mediante el software Alceste, practicándoseles análisis lexicográfico. Resultados: las representaciones negativas hacen referencia a relaciones sociales frágiles o disminuidas, con apoyo emocional insuficiente, vulnerabilizando a los adultos mayores. Las positivas hacen referencia a actividades placenteras sin presencia de otras personas, asumiendo la soledad como adecuada para la intimidad, para oír el silencio, tener armonía y paz, para conectarse internamente y asumir una vida agradable, valorar la vida y fortalecer la dimensión espiritual. Conclusión: hay una dialéctica en la concepción de la soledad, que es negativa cuando se refiere al contexto social, a las relaciones del anciano con los demás; y positiva cuando representa una oportunidad de abrazar la soledad y realizar actividades placenteras sin depender de terceras personas. Es imprescindible fomentar tales aspectos positivos en el cuidado de las personas ancianas.

Representações sociais sobre maternidade na reprodução humana assistida: discursos de mulheres inférteis / Social representations of motherhood in assisted human reproduction: discourses of infertile women / Representaciones sociales de la maternidad en la reproducción humana asistida: relatos de mujeres infértiles

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar as concepções de maternidade para mulheres inférteis de diferentes níveis socioeconômicos que estão em tratamento de reprodução assistida. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, descritivo, que utilizou como instrumento uma entrevista semiestruturada e contemplou temas como o significado de família, desejo/expectativas sobre filho e gestação e expectativas sobre a maternidade. Participaram da pesquisa 48 mulheres inférteis acima de 35 anos que usam tecnologias de reprodução assistida de alta complexidade em instituições privada e pública. Os dados foram tratados pela análise de conteúdo em que emergiram os temas: representações sociais da família; representações sociais da maternidade; expectativas com a gestação e os modelos maternos; e o filho imaginado. As participantes representaram a família de forma positiva, como um sistema de suporte, de fundação e origem de amor, configurando-a como um laço social. Por outro lado, as concepções de família com base na consanguinidade também estiveram presentes, representando a família pela perpetuação da espécie e pela importância do laço biológico. A maternidade foi marcada por significativa idealização, sendo vista como um papel gratificante e de realização da feminilidade. O peso da cobrança social para procriar também foi sentido como um dever a cumprir e que, na impossibilidade de se realizar, gera sentimentos de inferioridade, menos-valia, impotência e inadequação perante a sociedade, o que reforça o estigma da infertilidade. Tais resultados apontam a importância de reflexões sobre o papel da mulher na nossa cultura, visto que a maternidade é ainda utilizada como medida para o sucesso ou fracasso feminino. Faz-se necessário também refletir sobre a possibilidade da maior inserção do trabalho psicológico na reprodução assistida, visto a carga emocional e social envolvidas nesse processo.(AU)

This study aimed to analyze the conceptions of motherhood for infertile women from different socioeconomic levels who are undergoing assisted reproduction treatment. This is a qualitative and descriptive study that used a semi-structured interview as an instrument and included topics such as the meaning of family and desires/expectations about the child, pregnancy, and motherhood. A total of 48 infertile women over 35 years of ages using high-complexity assisted reproductive technologies in private and public institutions participated in this research. The data were treated by content analysis in which the following themes emerged: family social representations; social representations of motherhood; expectations with pregnancy and maternal models; and the imagined son. Participants represented the family in a positive way as a support system and the foundation and origin of love, embracing the family as a social bond. On the other hand, the family concepts based on inbreeding were also present, representing the family by perpetuation of the species and the importance of biological bonds. Motherhood was marked by significant idealization, being seen as a gratifying role and the fulfillment of femininity. The weight of the social demand to procreate was also felt as a duty to be fulfilled that, in the impossibility of carrying it out, generates feelings of inferiority, worthlessness, impotence, and inadequacy toward society, which reinforce the stigma of infertility. Results point to the necessary reflections on the role of women and our culture since Motherhood is still used as a measure of female success or failure. They also point to a reflection on the possibility of greater inclusion of psychological work in assisted reproduction given the emotional and social burden involved in this process.(AU)

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar las concepciones de maternidad de mujeres infértiles, de diferentes niveles socioeconómicos, que se encuentran en tratamiento de reproducción asistida. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, que utilizó como instrumento una entrevista semiestructurada e incluyó temas como el sentido de la familia, deseos/expectativas sobre el hijo y el embarazo y expectativas sobre la maternidad. Participaron en la investigación un total de 48 mujeres infértiles, mayores de 35 años, usuarias de tecnologías de reproducción asistida de alta complejidad en instituciones públicas y privadas. Los datos se sometieron a análisis de contenido del cual surgieron los temas: representaciones sociales familiares; representaciones sociales de la maternidad; expectativas con el embarazo y modelos maternos; hijo imaginado. Las participantes representaron a la familia de manera positiva, como sistema de apoyo, fundamento y origen del amor, configurándola como vínculo social. Por otro lado, también estuvieron presentes las concepciones familiares basadas en la consanguinidad, representando a la familia para la perpetuación de la especie y la importancia del vínculo biológico. La maternidad estuvo marcada por una importante idealización, vista como un rol gratificante y de realización de la feminidad. También se sintió el peso de la demanda social de procrear como un deber que cumplir y que, ante la imposibilidad de realizarlo, genera sentimientos de inferioridad, desvalorización, impotencia e inadecuación en la sociedad, lo que refuerza el estigma de la infertilidad. Por tanto, son necesarias reflexiones sobre el papel de la mujer en nuestra cultura, ya que la maternidad se sigue utilizando como medida del éxito o fracaso femenino. También se reflexiona sobre la posibilidad de una mayor inclusión del trabajo psicológico en la reproducción asistida dada la carga emocional y social que implica este proceso.(AU)

Social representations of cancer in patients from Medellín, Colombia: a qualitative study.

Background: Cancer has different explanatory theories that address its etiology and treatment. It is usually associated with pain and suffering. Recently, new technologies, knowledge, and therapies have been developed, which may have transformed the classic social representations of the disease. This study aimed to understand the social representations (SRs) of cancer in patients from Medellín, Colombia. Methods: This study used a grounded theory in 16 patients with cancer. The information was collected between June 2020 and May 2021. Information was analyzed following the open, axial, and selective coding stages. Results: SRs of cancer at the time of diagnosis evoke negative connotations. However, cancer is redefined as a positive event as the clinical course of the disease progresses, and patients interact with health professionals and respond to treatment. The resignification of the disease depends on the etiological models of the patients, which include genetic, socio-anthropological, psychosocial, and psychogenic factors. In line with the SRs of etiology, patients seek out treatments complementary to the biomedical ones that can be socio-anthropological and psychogenic. Conclusion: In this group negative representations about cancer persist, this way of understanding the disease is determined by the convergence of cultural meanings and personal experiences. The causal representation is connected to the actions and willingness of the patients to face their diagnosis. In this sense, two categories stand out: the first expresses that cancer is the consequence of a body subjected to excessive productivity; the second subsumes a psychogenic predisposition caused by the context where the ideology of happiness appears to be a social norm. This double saturation in which an individual is immersed results in new burdens that are not visible to caregivers and healthcare workers.

Representações sociais da privação de liberdade: uma análise prototípica entre usuários do sistema penitenciario / Social Representations of deprivation of liberty: a prototypical analysis among penitentiary system users

Resumo Objetivou-se analisar as representações sociais (RS) sobre privação de liberdade (PL) entre usuários(as) do sistema penitenciário. Participaram 40 indivíduos em privação de liberdade pareados por sexo. Aplicou-se questionários sociodemográficos e o Teste de Associação Livre de Palavras (TALP), que teve como indutor o termo "privação de liberdade" . Os dados dos questionários foram analisados pelo software IBM SPSS, enquanto os dados do TALP foram analisados pelo software IRaMuTeQ. A partir da pergunta de pesquisa, verificou-se entre os homens representações de PL sobre saudade, sofrimento, angústia e fé. Já entre as mulheres, a PL significa dor pela falta dos filhos, sentimento de tristeza e solidão. Portanto, se constata que os grupos compartilharam representações semelhantes sobre a privação de liberdade, destacando aspectos emocionais e psicológicos, se sobressaindo a saudade da família.

Abstract Objective. The objective was to analyze the social representations of deprivation of liberty (DL) among users of the prison system. Forty individuals deprived of liberty matched for sex participated. Method. Sociodemographic questionnaires and the Free Word Association Test (FAWT) were applied with the term "deprivation of liberty" as an inducer. The questionnaire data was analyzed using the IBM SPSS software, while the TALP data was analyzed using the IRaMuTeQ software. Results. From the research question, it was found that among men representations deal with longing, suffering, anguish, and faith. Among women, it means pain for the lack of children, feeling of sadness and loneliness. Therefore, it appears that the groups shared similar representations about the deprivation of liberty, highlighting emotional and psychological aspects, and the longing for the family.

Differentiating from TV Representations: Shame and the Process of Gay/Lesbian Identification Among Chilean Television Viewers.

The representation of gays and lesbians on Chilean television has increased steadily over the last decades. This paper offers an analysis of the role these images had in the processes of sexual identification of a sample of 25 members of the audience who identify as gays or lesbians. Through a thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews, it is shown that the respondents believed that the televisual representations of homosexuality have contributed to further marginalize gay and lesbian lives. This strengthened damaging feelings that fed into a sense of shame that was originating from multiple institutions and texts, thus complicating their processes of self-recognition and self-acceptance during their childhood and adolescence. Taking examples of how participants described their relationship with these representations and the ways in which they circulated socially, it is argued that they could only articulate their identification as gays or lesbians by disassociating themselves from these images and establishing a clear difference in regard to them. This was in a process in which several other informational and experiential opportunities came into play, which allowed them to resignify the categories gay/lesbian and lead less conflictive processes of identification.

Validation of a Biomechanical Injury and Disease Assessment Platform Applying an Inertial-Based Biosensor and Axis Vector Computation.

Inertial kinetics and kinematics have substantial influences on human biomechanical function. A new algorithm for Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)-based motion tracking is presented in this work. The primary aims of this paper are to combine recent developments in improved biosensor technology with mainstream motion-tracking hardware to measure the overall performance of human movement based on joint axis-angle representations of limb rotation. This work describes an alternative approach to representing three-dimensional rotations using a normalized vector around which an identified joint angle defines the overall rotation, rather than a traditional Euler angle approach. Furthermore, IMUs allow for the direct measurement of joint angular velocities, offering the opportunity to increase the accuracy of instantaneous axis of rotation estimations. Although the axis-angle representation requires vector quotient algebra (quaternions) to define rotation, this approach may be preferred for many graphics, vision, and virtual reality software applications. The analytical method was validated with laboratory data gathered from an infant dummy leg's flexion and extension knee movements and applied to a living subject's upper limb movement. The results showed that the novel approach could reasonably handle a simple case and provide a detailed analysis of axis-angle migration. The described algorithm could play a notable role in the biomechanical analysis of human joints and offers a harbinger of IMU-based biosensors that may detect pathological patterns of joint disease and injury.

A realistic situation, proposed from data generated within the GeOrder Simulator to elicit the statistical reasoning.

Construction and handling of important statistical concepts, such as statistical estimators computing, or organization of data in graphs and tables, are oftenly taught in a strict algorithmic manner. As consequence, students abilities regarding experimentation, data sampling, data collecting, data organization and results interpretation, are limited and their solutions lack of statistical sustain. In this work, in study class consisting in students of the Logistic and Transport Engineering program, it is developed and implemented a realistic problem situation: a sales e-commerce company has to decide, by analyzing received orders, whether to implement its own delivery system or hire a third-party delivery company. The software GeOrder Simulator is employed to generate random data for weight and location of simulated orders and the data are presented to students in tabular and iconic, onto a map geolocation, semiotic representation registers. The research aim of this work, is to analyze, from the perspective of Semiotic Representation Theory, the effect onto the statistical reasoning that is provoked in students when they solve the realistic problem situation with the data generated by the GeOrder Simulator. The results show that the addressing of the realistic problem situation together with the usage of the GeOrder Simulator, elicited the statistical reasoning in the students since it is observed the integration of statistical concepts within their argumentation, by means of the coordination of tabular, graphical and numerical semiotic representation registers.

Redes sociais virtuais, satisfação corporal e práticas corporais: um estudo com jovens adultos / Virtual social networks, body satisfaction and body practices: a study with young adults

Trata-se de uma pesquisa realizada a partir de uma perspectiva psicossocial, que buscou relacionar a satisfação corporal de jovens adultos com suas práticas corporais e o uso que fazem de redes sociais virtuais. Participaram do estudo 207 jovens, que responderam um questionário online autoaplicado, cujas respostas foram tratadas com estatística descritiva e inferencial. Os resultados indicaram que a satisfação corporal é mais presente entre os praticantes de atividades físicas, e, em contrapartida, observou-se menor satisfação corporal entre os participantes mais aderentes a dietas e cirurgias plásticas estéticas. Algumas práticas corporais encontraram associação estatística significativa com o uso das redes sociais virtuais: praticantes de atividade física as acessam por menor tempo diário e visualizam conteúdos alusivos à saúde; dietas e cirurgias plásticas estão associadas ao maior acesso a conteúdos de influenciadores digitais. Assim, a satisfação corporal e a forma como jovens utilizam redes sociais virtuais podem ter influência sobre suas práticas corporais.

This was a study conducted from a psychosocial perspective, which sought to relate the body satisfaction of young adults with their body practices and the use they make of virtual social networks. Participants were 207 young people who answered a self-administered online questionnaire, whose responses were treated using descriptive and inferential statistics. Body satisfaction was more present among practitioners of physical activities, and, on the other hand, low body satisfaction was observed among participants more adherent to diets and aesthetic plastic surgeries. Some bodily practices were significantly associated with the use of virtual social networks: practitioners of physical activity access them for less time daily and view content alluding to health; diets and plastic surgery are associated with greater access to content from digital influencers. Thus, body satisfaction and the way young people use virtual social networks can influence their body practices.

Covid-19: a sobrecarga de trabalhona luta pela vida. Representações sociaisde profissionais de enfermagem / Covid-19: work overload in the fight for life. Social representations of nursing professionals

Conhecer as representações sociais de profissionais de enfermagem que atuaram no atendimento aos pacientes acometidos pela COVID-19 diante da sobrecarga de trabalho. Método: Estudo de natureza descritiva com abordagem qualitativa utilizando como referencial a Teoria das Representações Sociais. O cenário foi um hospital que atendeu pacientes acometidos pela COVID-19. Os participantes foram profissionais de enfermagem. Os dados se deram através de entrevistas semiestruturadas. A análise ocorreu conforme a perspectiva de Bardin. Resultados: As representações retrataram condições de trabalho identificando desgaste mental diante em um cenário de inúmeras incertezas, de modo a suprir as necessidades exigida pela crise sanitária, impactando diretamente na sua saúde mental. Conclusão: Possibilidade da construção de um modelo de assistência que reestruture no processo de trabalho da enfermagem, minimizando possíveis sobrecarga de trabalho associados à sua saúde mental, otimizando assim a melhoria das suas condições de trabalho, fortalecendo respostas rápidas e precisas quando necessárias.(AU)

Objective: To learn about the social representations of nursing professionals who worked in the care of patients affected by COVID-19 in the face of work overload. Method: A descriptive study with a qualitative approach, using the Theory of Social Representations as a reference. The setting was a hospital that treated patients affected by COVID-19. The participants were nursing professionals. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews. The analysis took place according to Bardin's perspective. Results: The representations portrayed working conditions identifying mental exhaustion faced in a scenario of countless uncertainties, in order to meet the needs demanded by the health crisis, directly impacting on their mental health. Conclusion: The possibility of building a care model that restructures the nursing work process, minimizing possible work overload associated with their mental health, thus optimizing the improvement of their working conditions, strengthening quick and precise responses when necessary.(AU)

Objetivo: Conocer las representaciones sociales de los profesionales de enfermería que han trabajado en el cuidado de pacientes afectados por COVID-19 ante la sobrecarga de trabajo. Método: Estudio descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo, tomando como referencia la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales. El escenario fue un hospital que atendía a pacientes afectados por COVID-19. Los participantes fueron profesionales de enfermería. Los datos se recogieron mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas. El análisis se realizó según la perspectiva de Bardin. Resultados: Las representaciones retrataron condiciones de trabajo que identifican agotamiento mental enfrentado en un escenario de innumerables incertidumbres, para atender a las necesidades demandadas por la crisis de salud, impactando directamente en su salud mental. Conclusión: Es posible construir un modelo de atención que reestructure el proceso de trabajo de enfermería, minimizando la posible sobrecarga de trabajo asociada a su salud mental, optimizando así la mejora de sus condiciones de trabajo, fortaleciendo respuestas rápidas y precisas cuando sea necesario.(AU)

Do indesejável ao (in)evitável: velhice estigmatizada na pandemia da Covid-19 / From the undesirable to the (in) preventable: old age stigmatized in the Covid-19 pandemic / De lo indeseable a lo (in) evitable: vejez estigmatizada enla pandemia de Covid-19

O artigo tem por objetivo analisar as representações sociais sobre a imagem da pessoa idosa associadas a pandemia de COVID-19 nas publicações do Instagram. Caracteriza-se como um estudo exploratório, descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, com estratégia de investigação pautada no estudo de caso. Os dados consistiram em 19 memes publicados na internet na rede social Instagram por meio da busca aleatória do maior número possível de memes, a partir do buscador "idoso" e "quarentena". A partir da Técnica de Análise de Conteúdo proposta por Bardin emergiram duas categorias analíticas: Categoria 1. Recolhimento/enclausuramento da pessoa idosa (52,63%) e Categoria 2. Impedimento/limitação da mobilidade das pessoas idosas fora de casa (47,37%). As representações sociais acerca da pessoa idosa publicadas nas redes sociais relacionadas ao caso da COVID-19 desvelaram um sentido negativo atribuído ao envelhecer e demonstram como há um processo de naturalização da estigmatização e invisibilidade da violência contra pessoas idosas. (AU)

The article aims to analyze the social representations of the image of the elderly associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in Instagram publications. It is characterized as an exploratory, descriptive study with a qualitative approach, with an investigation strategy based on the case study.The data consisted of 19 memes published on the internet on the social network Instagramthrough the random search of the largest possible number of memes, using the search engine "elderly" and "quarantine". From the Content Analysis Technique proposed by Bardin, two analytical categories emerged: Category 1. Withdrawal/enclosure of the elderly person (52.63%) and Category 2. Impediment/limitation of mobility of elderly people outside the home (47.37 %). The social representations about the elderly person published on social networks related to the case of COVID-19 revealed a negative meaning attributed to aging and demonstrate how there is a process of naturalization of stigmatization and invisibility of violence against the elderly. (AU)

El artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las representaciones sociales de la imagen del anciano asociado a la pandemia COVID-19 en publicaciones de Instagram. Se caracteriza por ser un estudio exploratorio, descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo, con una estrategia de investigación basada en el estudio de caso. Los datos consistieron en 19 memes publicados en Internet en la red social Instagram através de la búsqueda aleatoria del mayor número posiblede memes, utilizando el motor de búsqueda "ancianos" y "cuarentena". De la Técnica de Análisis de Contenidos propuesta por Bardin surgieron dos categorías analíticas: Categoría 1. Retiro/encerramiento del anciano (52,63%) y Categoría 2. Impedimento/limitación de la movilidad de los ancianos fuera del hogar (47,37%). Las representaciones sociales sobre las personas mayores publicadas en las redes sociales relacionadas con el caso de COVID-19 revelaron un significado negativo atribuido al envejecimiento y demuestran cómo hay un proceso de naturalización de la estigmatización e invisibilidad de la violencia contra las personas mayores. (AU)