The clinical evaluation of fillings made witch Ketac-Cem after endodontic treatment in dogs.

The aim of this study was the clinical evaluation of glass-ionomer material Ketac-Cem used after the root canal therapy as filling. The investigations were carried out in 18 dogs. The filling was evaluated according to Rydge's modified scale. The evaluations were done shortly after treatment and repeated after two years. The investigated material is frequently used in veterinary stomatology. Only 22.22% of fillings were qualified to replacement at the second evaluation.

Endodontic treatment of a non-vital permanent tooth with an open root apex using mineral trioxide aggregate.

A 2-year-old domestic feline patient was presented for evaluation of a complicated crown fracture of the right maxillary canine tooth. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed a non-vital immature permanent canine tooth with an open apex. This case report describes a two-visit technique using mineral trioxide aggregate in an apical barrier method for the treatment of a non-vital immature permanent canine tooth in a cat.

Fundamentals of endodontics.

Endodontic disease is a highly prevalent (>10% of all dogs) and insidiously painful process that can have significant local and systemic effects. The root canal system is a delicate organ and is prone to inflammation, infection, and partial and complete necrosis. Vital pulp therapy must be performed quickly, gently, and meticulously if it is to be effective. The relatively high rate of failure in direct pulp capping makes regular follow-up radiographs of critical importance to ensure patient health. Once a tooth is dead, there are often no obvious clinical signs; therefore, clinicians must be educated in the diagnosis of the disease processes. Once properly educated, the practitioner must remain vigilant for subtle signs of the disease process. Standard root canal therapy is an effective method of removing the inflammation, infection, and associated discomfort of the endodontically diseased tooth while maintaining its function. Endodontic failure most likely remains hidden unless dental radiology is used. Follow-up radiographs at regular intervals throughout the patient's life are critical for ensuring the long-term success of any endodontic therapy.