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1.
Vet Microbiol ; 124(3-4): 329-39, 2007 Oct 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17611049

RESUMEN

To elucidate the occurrence of heat-stable toxin-producing strains among mastitic Bacillus isolates, 100 milk samples of mastitic cows from different parts of Finland were screened. Bacillus was identified as the major organism in 23 samples. Toxinogenic Bacillus isolates identified by sperm cell motility inhibition assay were isolated from six samples. Four isolates belonged to the species Bacillus pumilus and two to Bacillus licheniformis. The toxic substances were heat-stable and soluble to methanol thus being of non-protein nature. The methanol extracted substances disrupted the sperm cell plasma membrane permeability barrier at exposure concentrations of 1-15 microg ml(-1) (B. pumilus) or 20-30 microg ml(-1) (B. licheniformis). The toxic properties of the two mastitic B. licheniformis strains were similar to those of B. licheniformis strains known to produce the lipopeptide lichenysin A and the synthetase genes lchAA, lchAB and lchAC for lichenysin were found in the mastitic strains by PCR. Toxin synthetase genes for the syntheses of lichenysin or surfactin were searched but not found in the toxic B. pumilus strains. The ribopatterns of the mastitic B. pumilus and B. licheniformis isolates were similar to those of the toxinogenic strains described earlier from food poisoning incidents and contaminated indoor air. B. licheniformis and B. pumilus survive pasteurization and other heat treatments as spores. Toxin-producing strains of these species in the dairy production chain may thus be of food safety concern.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Bacillaceae/veterinaria , Bacillus , Toxinas Bacterianas/metabolismo , Mastitis Bovina/microbiología , Leche/microbiología , Microbiología del Aire , Animales , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/microbiología , Bacillus/clasificación , Bacillus/aislamiento & purificación , Bacillus/patogenicidad , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana , Bovinos , Femenino , Finlandia , Enfermedades Transmitidas por los Alimentos/microbiología , Humanos , Masculino , Mastitis Bovina/tratamiento farmacológico , Filogenia , Motilidad Espermática/efectos de los fármacos , Pruebas de Toxicidad/veterinaria
2.
Appl Environ Microbiol ; 69(4): 2372-6, 2003 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12676723

RESUMEN

With the exceptions of Bacillus cereus and Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus species are generally perceived to be inconsequential. However, the relevance of other Bacillus species as food poisoning organisms and etiological agents in nongastrointestinal infections is being increasingly recognized. Eleven Bacillus species isolated from veterinary samples associated with severe nongastrointestinal infections were assessed for the presence and expression of diarrheagenic enterotoxins and other potential virulence factors. PCR studies revealed the presence of DNA sequences encoding hemolysin BL (HBL) enterotoxin complex and B. cereus enterotoxin T (BceT) in five B. cereus strains and in Bacillus coagulans NB11. Enterotoxin HBL was also harbored by Bacillus polymyxa NB6. After 18 h of growth in brain heart infusion broth, all seven Bacillus isolates carrying genes encoding enterotoxin HBL produced this toxin. Cell-free supernatant fluids from all 11 Bacillus isolates demonstrated cytotoxicity toward human HEp-2 cells; only one Bacillus licheniformis strain adhered to this test cell line, and none of the Bacillus isolates were invasive. This study constitutes the first demonstration that Bacillus spp. associated with serious nongastrointestinal infections in animals may harbor and express diarrheagenic enterotoxins traditionally linked to toxigenic B. cereus.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Bacillaceae/veterinaria , Bacillus/patogenicidad , Proteínas Bacterianas/biosíntesis , Diarrea/veterinaria , Enterotoxinas/biosíntesis , Factores de Virulencia/biosíntesis , Animales , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/microbiología , Bacillus/clasificación , Bacillus/metabolismo , Proteínas Bacterianas/genética , Bovinos , Línea Celular , Diarrea/microbiología , Enterotoxinas/genética , Enfermedades Gastrointestinales/microbiología , Proteínas Hemolisinas , Humanos , Factores de Virulencia/genética
3.
J Anim Sci ; 78(10): 2508-14, 2000 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11048914

RESUMEN

The objectives of this study were to determine 1) the effect of intramammary infection on calf weaning weight, milk somatic cell count, and milk composition, and 2) the effect of parity on percentages of infected cows, infected quarters, and blind quarters. The number of infected quarters, milk somatic cell counts, milk components, and intramammary infection were studied at weaning in 164 beef cows. The percentage of infected cows ranged from 61.9% at first parity to 66.7% at fifth to ninth parities. Cows with three or four infected quarters had higher (P < .01) milk somatic cell counts than cows with zero, one, or two infected quarters. Among bacterial isolates, Staphylococcus aureus-infected quarters had the highest (P < .01) milk somatic cell count. Percentages of butterfat and lactose were lower (P < .01) in milk from infected quarters than from uninfected quarters. Infections by S. aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most common and accounted for 67 to 78% of the infections. Percentages of infected quarters and infections caused by S. aureus increased with parity (P < .01). Intramammary infections did not affect (P > .10) calf weaning weight. In conclusion, intramammary infection had no effect on calf weaning weight but increased milk somatic cell count and decreased the percentage of protein, lactose, solids-not-fat, and butterfat. The number of infected and blind mammary quarters increased with parity.


Asunto(s)
Peso Corporal , Mastitis Bovina/fisiopatología , Leche/normas , Paridad , Destete , Animales , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/fisiopatología , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/veterinaria , Bacillus , Bovinos , Femenino , Masculino , Mastitis Bovina/microbiología , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/fisiopatología , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/veterinaria , Staphylococcus aureus , Infecciones Estreptocócicas/fisiopatología , Infecciones Estreptocócicas/veterinaria , Streptococcus
4.
Vet Pathol ; 36(3): 191-201, 1999 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10332827

RESUMEN

To study the abortifacient potential and fetoplacental tropism of Bacillus licheniformis bacteria, eight cows in the sixth to eighth month of gestation were inoculated intravenously either once (n = 4) or on four successive days (n = 4) with B. licheniformis at doses ranging from 10(9) to 10(12) colony-forming units. Cows were euthanatized and necropsied prior to abortion (n = 2), at the time of abortion (n = 2), or at calving (n = 4). Live-born calves (n = 5) were euthanatized immediately after delivery and necropsied. B. licheniformis was reisolated from placentomes/endometrium in six of eight (75%) cows and from one fetus aborted 43 days after inoculation. Lesions associated with B. licheniformis were restricted to the pregnant uterus, with the exception of one cow, which developed pneumonia. Necrosis in the fetal compartment of the placenta were present in three of four (75%) cows of both inoculation groups. Lesions were mainly restricted to fetal membranes and especially to the fetal side of the placentomes. Necrosis and diffuse neutrophil infiltrations of both villi and intervillous areas occurred in the fetal part of the placenta, and the placentomal interface was distended by bacteria, neutrophils, erythrocytes, and debris. Within trophoblasts, bacteria were located both free in the cytoplasm and in cytoplasmatic vesicles. Inflammation was present in three of eight (38%) calves. Placental and fetal lesions were similar to those found in cases of spontaneous abortions associated with B. licheniformis. The abortifacient potential of B. licheniformis and the tropism for the bovine placenta is demonstrated here for the first time.


Asunto(s)
Aborto Veterinario/microbiología , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/veterinaria , Bacillus/patogenicidad , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/microbiología , Animales , Animales Recién Nacidos , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/complicaciones , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/microbiología , Bacteriemia/veterinaria , Bovinos , Femenino , Inmunohistoquímica , Recuento de Leucocitos/veterinaria , Masculino , Microscopía Electrónica/veterinaria , Placenta/microbiología , Placenta/patología , Embarazo , Trofoblastos/microbiología , Trofoblastos/patología
5.
Cell Biol Int ; 22(2): 137-44, 1998.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9878101

RESUMEN

Morphological, histochemical and cytochemical changes were examined in honeybee larvae after infection with the bacterium Bacillus larvae. The results indicate cell necrosis in the midgut epithelium accompanied by increasing cell vacuolization and nuclear pyknosis following per os inoculation with B. larvae. Many autolysosomes were positive for acid phosphatase. Non-vacuolar acid phosphatase activity was also found in lysed cell compartments. No such activity was found in regenerative epithelial cells. Degradation of haemocytes, salivary glands and other tissues was also observed. Histochemical analyses after per cutaneous inoculation with B. larvae of three- and five-day-old honeybee larvae show intense non-vacuolar acid phosphatase activity followed by disintegration of infected salivary glands, epithelial cell cytoplasm and haemocytes.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Bacillaceae/veterinaria , Bacillus/patogenicidad , Abejas/microbiología , Fosfatasa Ácida/análisis , Animales , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/microbiología , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/patología , Membrana Basal/microbiología , Abejas/crecimiento & desarrollo , Células Epiteliales/patología , Hemocitos/patología , Intestinos/microbiología , Intestinos/patología , Isoenzimas/análisis , Larva/microbiología , Larva/ultraestructura , Lisosomas/enzimología , Necrosis , Glándulas Salivales/microbiología , Glándulas Salivales/patología
6.
Vet Pathol ; 34(4): 263-70, 1997 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9240834

RESUMEN

We conducted experiments to test whether rats of F344, LEW, and SD strains differ in susceptibility to mycoplasma-free isolates of cilia-associated respiratory (CAR) bacillus, whether Mycoplasma pulmonis can affect expression of CAR bacillus disease, and whether isolates of CAR bacillus differ in virulence for rats. In the first experiment, 24 rats of each strain were inoculated intranasally with 10(7) bacilli of CAR bacillus X1428D/AS, and 24 rats of each strain were inoculated with sterile medium (controls). Eight weeks later, eight inoculated rats and eight control rats of each strain were euthanatized, eight inoculated and eight control rats were given 10(6.5) colony-forming units of M. pulmonis X1428D, and eight inoculated rats and eight control rats were sham inoculated. Four rats of each group were euthanatized 4 or 8 weeks after the second inoculation. Severity of lesions in nasal passages, middle ear, trachea, and lungs was assessed by scoring. Rats of all three strains given CAR bacillus had typical lesions of similar severity; M. pulmonis X1428D was avirulent and did not exacerbate CAR bacillus disease. In the second experiment, groups of eight rats of F344 and SD strains were given 10(5) or 10(7) CAR bacillus X1328E, X1428D/AS, or X2450D and euthanatized 8 or 16 weeks later. Isolates X1428D/AS and X2450D caused similar lesions in rats of both strains and at both doses, but CAR bacillus X1328E was avirulent. Rats of the tested strains are similarly susceptible to CAR bacillus disease, but CAR bacillus isolates differ in virulence.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Bacillaceae/veterinaria , Bacillus/patogenicidad , Cilios/microbiología , Ratas Endogámicas , Sistema Respiratorio/patología , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Roedores/microbiología , Animales , Bacillus/aislamiento & purificación , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , ARN Bacteriano/análisis , Ratas , Ratas Endogámicas F344 , Ratas Endogámicas Lew , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Sistema Respiratorio/microbiología , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/microbiología
7.
J Vet Intern Med ; 11(5): 284-7, 1997.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9348495

RESUMEN

Fluoroscopically guided percutaneous fine-needle aspiration of the intervertebral disk space was performed in 10 dogs with diskospondylitis. Positive bacterial cultures were obtained from 9 of 12 aspirated disk spaces, 1 of 6 blood cultures, and 6 of 10 urine cultures. Positive disk cultures were obtained from 2 dogs with negative blood and urine cultures and from 2 additional dogs with low numbers of Staphylococcus in urine cultures. Adverse clinical sequelae of the procedure were not noted. Percutaneous fine-needle aspiration of the intervertebral disk space is an alternative technique to surgical biopsy to obtain positive bacterial cultures from dogs with diskospondylitis.


Asunto(s)
Biopsia con Aguja/veterinaria , Discectomía Percutánea/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/microbiología , Enfermedades de los Perros/cirugía , Disco Intervertebral/microbiología , Espondilitis/veterinaria , Animales , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/patología , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/veterinaria , Bacillus/aislamiento & purificación , Biopsia con Aguja/métodos , Sangre/microbiología , Discectomía Percutánea/métodos , Enfermedades de los Perros/metabolismo , Perros , Femenino , Fluoroscopía/métodos , Fluoroscopía/veterinaria , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Espondilitis/microbiología , Espondilitis/cirugía , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/diagnóstico , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/patología , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/veterinaria , Staphylococcus/aislamiento & purificación , Orina/microbiología
8.
J Comp Pathol ; 117(3): 289-94, 1997 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9447491

RESUMEN

A histological, histochemical and immunohistological study of the respiratory tract of 83 slaughtered goats (50 adults and 33 kids) is described. Cilia-associated respiratory (CAR) bacillus was detected by means of the Warthin Starry method in the tracheal epithelium of seven (21.2%) of the kids and 16 (32%) of the adult goats. A chronic diffuse tracheitis characterized by mixed lymphocyte and plasma-cell infiltration was found in all seven kids and in 17 adults, including the 16 infected with the CAR bacillus. Although not proved, it is possible that the CAR bacillus caused the chronic tracheitis. Immunohistochemical results suggested that the caprine CAR bacillus was closely related to the rabbit CAR bacillus.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Bacillaceae/microbiología , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/veterinaria , Bacillus/aislamiento & purificación , Enfermedades de las Cabras/microbiología , Enfermedades Respiratorias/microbiología , Enfermedades Respiratorias/veterinaria , Traqueítis/microbiología , Traqueítis/veterinaria , Animales , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/patología , Enfermedad Crónica , Cilios/microbiología , Enfermedades de las Cabras/patología , Cabras , Cobayas , Inmunohistoquímica , Ratones , Conejos , Ratas , Enfermedades Respiratorias/patología , Traqueítis/patología
9.
Vet Surg ; 25(6): 487-94, 1996.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8923728

RESUMEN

The efficacy of 3% chloroxylenol (PCMX) or 4% chlorhexidine gluconate (CG) for preoperative skin preparation was assessed in 100 dogs undergoing clean or clean-contaminated surgical procedures. Replication Organism Detection and Counting (RODAC) plates were used to quantify skin bacteria colony forming units (CFU) at the operative site before and after skin preparation and immediately postoperatively. Reduction of CFU after skin preparation and immediately postoperatively was significant for each agent. However, CFU levels were significantly lower in the CG group than in the PCMX group after surgical preparation, regardless of initial CFU numbers. No significant difference in CFU counts was observed between antiseptic groups postoperatively. Within-group comparisons showed PCMX to be significantly less efficacious when the prescrub CFU number was greater than 1,000. Bacterial reduction was similar in the CG group regardless of prescrub CFU levels. The number of negative cultures after skin preparation was significantly greater with CG than with PCMX. Chlorhexidine gluconate also had fewer cultures with heavy bacterial growth (> 5 CFUs) after surgical preparation. There was no significant difference between antiseptics in the number of negative cultures or cultures with more than 5 CFUs immediately after surgery. The number of skin reactions and postoperative wound infections that occurred with each technique were similar. Three percent PCMX, as used in this study, was less effective than 4% CG in its immediate antimicrobial activity, however, this difference was not associated with an increased wound infection rate.


Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos Locales/farmacología , Clorhexidina/farmacología , Perros/cirugía , Cuidados Preoperatorios/veterinaria , Piel/efectos de los fármacos , Xilenos/farmacología , Animales , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/prevención & control , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/veterinaria , Bacillus/aislamiento & purificación , Corynebacterium/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Corynebacterium/prevención & control , Infecciones por Corynebacterium/veterinaria , Técnicas Microbiológicas/veterinaria , Cuidados Preoperatorios/métodos , Piel/microbiología , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/prevención & control , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/veterinaria , Staphylococcus/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones Estreptocócicas/prevención & control , Infecciones Estreptocócicas/veterinaria , Streptococcus/aislamiento & purificación
10.
J Vet Med Sci ; 58(5): 439-41, 1996 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8741604

RESUMEN

The biological properties and susceptibility to antimicrobial agents of Bacillus larvae were examined. Twenty-nine strains, 28 isolates from each outbreak of American foulbrood in Japan and a B. larvae type strain (ATCC 9545T) were used. our B. larvae isolates had almost the same biological properties as the type strain. The isolates were more susceptible to penicillins, macrolides and lincomycin, a lincosamide, than other antimicrobials. Microsamicin among the macrolides and ampicillin among the penicillins appeared to be the most effective agents.


Asunto(s)
Bacillus/fisiología , Abejas/microbiología , Animales , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/microbiología , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/veterinaria , Bacillus/efectos de los fármacos , Bacillus/aislamiento & purificación , Japón , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana
11.
J Invertebr Pathol ; 67(1): 65-71, 1996 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8812572

RESUMEN

Laboratory and field studies were conducted to determine the effectiveness of the antibiotic tylosin in preventing and controlling infections of American foulbrood disease (AFB) of honey bees. Studies conducted on immature worker bees maintained in the laboratory revealed that honey bee larvae could tolerate quite a range of doses of antibiotic in their diet. Intermediate doses of tylosin protected very young larvae from becoming infected by Bacillus larvae at a concentration of 1.5 x 10(8) spores/ml of diet. Antibiotic treatment had no measurable effects on larval or pupal developmental rates until the dose reached a lethal level. Bees in field colonies readily consumed tylosin in powered sugar, up to a level of 800 mg/7 g sugar. No negative colony effects were noted at any dosage rates. Protection against infection by American foulbrood was compared to results obtained with 200 mg Terramycin, the standard dose of the only substance currently registered for foulbrood control. Both 200 mg Terramycin and 100 mg tylosin protected the colonies for up to 3 weeks. A 200-mg dose of tylosin protected the colony for an additional week. Doses of 100 mg or more of tylosin were adequate to eliminate signs of AFB infection in overtly diseased colonies.


Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/farmacología , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/prevención & control , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/veterinaria , Bacillus/efectos de los fármacos , Abejas/efectos de los fármacos , Abejas/microbiología , Tilosina/farmacología , Animales , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/etiología , Abejas/crecimiento & desarrollo , Larva/efectos de los fármacos
12.
J Vet Diagn Invest ; 7(3): 338-42, 1995 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7578448

RESUMEN

Warthin Starry staining revealed filamentous bacteria colonizing the tracheal epithelium of 41 of 88 (46.6%) pigs submitted for necropsy at 2 midwestern veterinary diagnostic laboratories. The bacteria were interspersed between and oriented parallel to the cilia. In 4 of 4 colonized pig tracheas, filamentous bacteria were demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy. The bacteria were approximately the same length and diameter as cilia, and in areas of heavy colonization the bacteria outnumbered cilia. The filamentous bacteria were similar in location and morphologic characteristics to cilia-associated respiratory (CAR) bacilli of rats, mice, rabbits, and cattle. Results of immunoperoxidase staining and polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated that the pig CAR bacillus is a different bacterium than the rat CAR bacillus. Rat CAR bacillus causes chronic respiratory disease in rats and mice. The association, if any, between pig CAR bacillus and swine respiratory disease is unknown.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Bacillaceae/veterinaria , Bacillus/aislamiento & purificación , Enfermedades de los Porcinos , Tráquea/microbiología , Animales , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/patología , Bacillus/clasificación , Bacillus/ultraestructura , Bovinos , Cilios/ultraestructura , Epitelio/microbiología , Epitelio/patología , Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas , Ratones , Microscopía Electrónica , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Conejos , Ratas , Porcinos , Tráquea/patología
13.
Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr ; 102(5): 204-5, 1995 May.
Artículo en Alemán | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8593776

RESUMEN

It is reported on a case of tyzzer's disease (infection with Bacillus piliformis) in a pony foal in Schleswig-Holstein. The clinical and pathologic-anatomical findings are described and discussed.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Bacillaceae/veterinaria , Bacillus , Equidae , Animales , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/patología , Bacillus/aislamiento & purificación , Hígado/microbiología , Hígado/patología , Masculino , Necrosis
14.
Tierarztl Prax ; 23(2): 187-91, 1995 Apr.
Artículo en Alemán | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7624863

RESUMEN

Camel races have a long tradition in Arabia. Since the oil boom of the 1960s a tremendous revival of the old Bedouin tradition of camel racing has occurred in the United Arab Emirates. These camel races are comparable to horse races in Europe and the U.S.A. Since 1985 the most valuable racing camels of Dubai are routinely tested in the Central Veterinary Research Laboratory (CVRL) for their stamina and endurance. Blood and serum enzyme values, which have been statistically ascertained through testing of 10000 healthy racing camels, are now generally accepted as reference values. Besides these check-ups of healthy racing camels, hematological tests, enzyme and substrate estimations are performed on sick racing camels. These tests support the diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of sick camels. In this connection three diseases are discussed: B. cereus intoxication, Clostridium perfringens enterotoxemia and Trypanosomiasis.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones Bacterianas/veterinaria , Camelus/sangre , Enzimas/sangre , Esfuerzo Físico , Tripanosomiasis/veterinaria , Animales , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/sangre , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/enzimología , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/veterinaria , Infecciones Bacterianas/sangre , Infecciones Bacterianas/enzimología , Análisis Químico de la Sangre/veterinaria , Infecciones por Clostridium/sangre , Infecciones por Clostridium/enzimología , Infecciones por Clostridium/veterinaria , Clostridium perfringens , Recuento de Eritrocitos , Recuento de Leucocitos , Recuento de Plaquetas , Valores de Referencia , Tripanosomiasis/sangre , Tripanosomiasis/enzimología
15.
Vet Pathol ; 32(1): 63-5, 1995 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7725599
17.
Equine Vet J ; 27(1): 8-12, 1995 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7774554

RESUMEN

A monoclonal antibody based competitive inhibition assay was used to detect antibodies in horse sera to purified flagellar antigens from distinct Clostridium piliforme isolates. Sequential absorption of hyperimmune rat serum to C. piliforme isolate E (horse-origin isolate), a positive C. piliforme-immune horse serum, and other suspected immune horse sera with unrelated bacteria or C. piliforme isolates E or isolate R1 (rat-origin isolate) alone demonstrated the specificity of this assay for C. piliforme. This specificity was associated with the inhibition of monoclonal antibody binding to C. piliforme flagella, rather than to C. piliforme somatic antigens, by horse immunoglobulins partially purified from serum. Thirty seven of 162 horse sera possessed large amounts of antibody to the flagella of C. piliforme isolate E and 23 of the 162 had large amounts of antibody to the flagella of C. piliforme isolate R1; 9 of the sera possessed large amounts of antibody to both flagellar antigens. Absorption of these sera with isolate E or R1 demonstrated that antibody reactivity to the 2 C. piliforme isolates was isolate-specific and not due to antibody cross-reactive with both isolates. These results suggest that infection of horses with C. piliforme may be relatively common; and that they are susceptible to at least 2 distinct strains.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Bacillaceae/veterinaria , Enfermedades Gastrointestinales/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Caballos/microbiología , Análisis de Varianza , Animales , Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/sangre , Anticuerpos Monoclonales , Especificidad de Anticuerpos , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/microbiología , Infecciones por Clostridium/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Clostridium/microbiología , Infecciones por Clostridium/veterinaria , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática/veterinaria , Enfermedades Gastrointestinales/microbiología , Enfermedades de los Caballos/diagnóstico , Caballos , Pruebas Serológicas
19.
Lab Anim Sci ; 44(2): 153-8, 1994 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7518016

RESUMEN

A competitive inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to detect Bacillus piliformis isolate-specific antibodies in serum specimens from rats and gerbils experimentally infected with B. piliformis isolates R1, R2, or M. Detection was based on the ability of serum antibodies to block binding of B. piliformis isolate-specific monoclonal antibodies to purified B. piliformis flagella. Application of this assay to serum specimens collected from sham-infected or experimentally infected rats and gerbils demonstrated that the serum specimens were capable of specifically inhibiting the binding of B. piliformis isolate-specific monoclonal antibodies to homologous flagella preparations (> 70% inhibition) only when the serum specimens were from animals infected with the homologous B. piliformis isolate. Only one false-negative and false-positive result were obtained when 80 serum specimens were tested by this competitive inhibition ELISA. In addition, we demonstrated that little nonspecific inhibition of monoclonal antibody binding occurred (< 30% inhibition) in this immunoassay specific inhibition of monoclonal antibody binding by serum was due to serum antibody and a serum's ability to inhibit binding of monoclonal antibodies to purified B. piliformis flagella was correlated with antibody reactivity with B. piliformis flagella but not with serum antibody reactivity to whole B. piliformis organisms. These results suggest that this monoclonal antibody-based competitive inhibition assay could be successfully applied to the serologic identification of isolates involved in naturally occurring B. piliformis infections in laboratory animals.


Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/análisis , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/veterinaria , Bacillus/inmunología , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática/métodos , Flagelos/inmunología , Animales , Anticuerpos Monoclonales , Antígenos Bacterianos/inmunología , Adhesión Bacteriana , Unión Competitiva , Epítopos/inmunología , Gerbillinae , Ratas , Especificidad de la Especie
20.
Avian Dis ; 37(3): 891-4, 1993.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8257388

RESUMEN

A 4-day-old cockatiel that died suddenly had a pale, mottled liver at necropsy. Extensive necrosis and numerous bacilli were present microscopically in the liver. The organism was identified as Bacillus piliformis, the causative agent of Tyzzer's disease, by special staining and electron microscopy. This is the first report of Tyzzer's disease in an avian species.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Bacillaceae/veterinaria , Bacillus , Enfermedades de las Aves/patología , Hepatopatías/veterinaria , Loros , Animales , Animales Recién Nacidos , Infecciones por Bacillaceae/patología , Bacillus/ultraestructura , Hepatopatías/patología , Microscopía Electrónica , Necrosis
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