RESUMEN
Radiotherapy treatment-induced intestinal injury and gut microbial perturbation/dysbiosis have been implicated in the pathobiology of cancer-related fatigue. The objective of this brief review was to explore the available evidence of the relationship between intestinal injury and self-reported fatigue, especially among cancer patients. The scientific evidence-including our own-linking gut mucosal barrier dysfunction and gut microbial perturbation/dysbiosis induced by cancer treatment with worsening of cancer related fatigue (perhaps through the gut-brain axis) is limited but promising. Emerging data suggest that lifestyle interventions and the administration of specific probiotics may favorably modulate the gut microbiota and potentially mediate beneficial effects leading to improvements in fatigue.
Asunto(s)
Disbiosis , Fatiga , Intestinos/efectos de la radiación , Neoplasias/radioterapia , Traumatismos por Radiación , Eje Cerebro-Intestino , Humanos , Intestinos/lesionesRESUMEN
It remains unknown if the oxidative stress can be regulated by low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in lung inflammation induced by intestinal reperfusion (i-I/R). A study was developed in which rats were irradiated (660 nm, 30 mW, 5.4 J) on the skin over the bronchus and euthanized 2 h after the initial of intestinal reperfusion. Lung edema and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid neutrophils were measured by the Evans blue extravasation and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity respectively. Lung histology was used for analyzing the injury score. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by fluorescence. Both expression intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-y (PPARy) were measured by RT-PCR. The lung immunohistochemical localization of ICAM-1 was visualized as a brown stain. Both lung HSP70 and glutathione protein were evaluated by ELISA. LLLT reduced neatly the edema, neutrophils influx, MPO activity and ICAM-1 mRNA expression. LLLT also reduced the ROS formation and oppositely increased GSH concentration in lung from i-I/R groups. Both HSP70 and PPARy expression also were elevated after laser irradiation. Results indicate that laser effect in attenuating the acute lung inflammation is driven to restore the balance between the pro- and antioxidants mediators rising of PPARy expression and consequently the HSP70 production.
Asunto(s)
Lesión Pulmonar Aguda/radioterapia , Intestinos/efectos de la radiación , Terapia por Luz de Baja Intensidad , Pulmón/efectos de la radiación , Edema Pulmonar/radioterapia , Daño por Reperfusión/radioterapia , Lesión Pulmonar Aguda/metabolismo , Lesión Pulmonar Aguda/patología , Animales , Líquido del Lavado Bronquioalveolar/citología , Recuento de Células , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Glutatión/biosíntesis , Proteínas HSP70 de Choque Térmico/genética , Proteínas HSP70 de Choque Térmico/metabolismo , Molécula 1 de Adhesión Intercelular/genética , Molécula 1 de Adhesión Intercelular/metabolismo , Mucosa Intestinal/metabolismo , Intestinos/patología , Pulmón/metabolismo , Pulmón/patología , Masculino , Neutrófilos/patología , Estrés Oxidativo , PPAR gamma/genética , PPAR gamma/metabolismo , Peroxidasa/metabolismo , Edema Pulmonar/metabolismo , Edema Pulmonar/patología , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , Daño por Reperfusión/metabolismo , Daño por Reperfusión/patologíaAsunto(s)
Humanos , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/etiología , Apendicitis/fisiopatología , Diverticulitis del Colon/fisiopatología , Intestinos/efectos de la radiación , Intestino Grueso/efectos de la radiación , Intestino Delgado/efectos de la radiación , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/fisiopatología , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/genéticaAsunto(s)
Humanos , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/etiología , Apendicitis/fisiopatología , Diverticulitis del Colon/fisiopatología , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/fisiopatología , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/genética , Intestino Delgado/efectos de la radiación , Intestino Grueso/efectos de la radiación , Intestinos/efectos de la radiaciónRESUMEN
se revisan los principales aspectos fisiológicos que llevan a la homeostasis intestinal y que permiten la absorción adecuada de nutrientes, analizando también los factores fisiopatológicos en pacientes con inmunosupresión o falla multisistémica y señalando los posibles métodos para corregirlos.
Asunto(s)
Hemostasis , Intestinos/efectos de la radiación , Intestinos/fisiología , Intestinos/fisiopatología , Choque Séptico/etiología , Choque Séptico/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
The expulsion of antibody-damaged Nippostrongylus brasiliensis nematodes from the intestine of rats irradiated with 750 rad 60Co was induced by thoracic duct lymph (TDL) or mesenteric lymph node (MLN) cells apparently without the help of bone marrow-derived cells. The effector cells were present in the TDL or MLN of rats by the 8th day after infection and could be recovered from the peritoneal cavity. The ability of TDL cells to transfer immunity to irradiated recipients was undiminished when the cells with immunoglobulin on their surface were removed. These results suggest that, following antibody damage, this nematode is expelled by nonimmunoglobulin-bearing lymphocytes which are effective in the absence of newly formed cells derived from the cell recipients.