Manual de rotinas e procedimentos operacionais padronizados da equipe de captação de orgãos de Goiás / Manual of standardized operational routines and procedures for the organ harvesting team in Goiás

A Central de Transplantes (CET) é um orgão executivo, subordinado Secretaria de Estado da Saúde e tem como responsabilidade planejar, coordenar, acompanhar e controlar todas as atividades de transplantes, ao nível estadual, em observância à legislação vigente referente ao processo de doação, captação, distribuição e transplantes de orgãos e tecidos no Brasil. Afim de organizar as atividades da CET-GO, criou-se este manual de rotina e procedimentos operacionais da Central de Transplantes de forma a oferecer qualidade e segurança nas tarefas executadas e resultados esperados

The Transplant Center (CET) is an executive body, subordinated to the State Health Department and is responsible for planning, coordinating, monitoring and controlling all transplant activities at the state level, in compliance with current legislation regarding the donation process, capture, distribution and transplantation of organs and tissues in Brazil. In order to organize the activities of CET-GO, this manual of routine and operational procedures of the Transplant Center was created in order to offer quality and safety in the tasks performed and expected results

The Declaration of Sydney on human death.

On 5 August 1968, publication of the Harvard Committee's report on the subject of "irreversible coma" established a standard for diagnosing death on neurological grounds. On the same day, the 22nd World Medical Assembly met in Sydney, Australia, and announced the Declaration of Sydney, a pronouncement on death, which is less often quoted because it was overshadowed by the impact of the Harvard Report. To put those events into present-day perspective, the authors reviewed all papers published on this subject and the World Medical Association web page and documents, and corresponded with Dr A G Romualdez, the son of Dr A Z Romualdez. There was vast neurological expertise among some of the Harvard Committee members, leading to a comprehensible and practical clinical description of the brain death syndrome and the way to diagnose it. This landmark account had a global medical and social impact on the issue of human death, which simultaneously lessened reception of the Declaration of Sydney. Nonetheless, the Declaration of Sydney faced the main conceptual and philosophical issues on human death in a bold and forthright manner. This statement differentiated the meaning of death at the cellular and tissue levels from the death of the person. This was a pioneering view on the discussion of human death, published as early as in 1968, that should be recognised by current and future generations.

Implicaciones éticas de la muerte cerebral y los trasplantes de órganos / Ethical implications of brain death and organ transplants

Se hizo una valoración de los criterios actuales para definir la muerte y su vinculación con el trasplante de órganos, así como de algunos aspectos bioéticos relacionados. De la complejidad del tema, deriva lo difícil de la elaboración bioética del problema, de la definición y determinación de la muerte, y por tanto la necesidad de fundamentar una concepción determinada con la mayor integralidad posible. Con el potencial de aplicaciones que podría aportar la terapia celular y tisular en un futuro cercano, se deduce que el concepto actual de muerte cerebral como criterio de muerte humana para la donación de órganos tendrá que ser modificado. Se consideró que en el contexto del debate actual adquiere gran trascendencia la adopción de una u otra posición, no solo debido a la importancia del tema, sino dadas sus implicaciones en relación con el diseño y la implementación de políticas y programas de gran relevancia en el plano social(AU)

[Do we defend a brain oriented view of death?]. / ¿Defendemos una visión encefálica de la muerte?

AIMS: To propose a new formulation of death based on the mechanisms involved in consciousness generation in human beings. DEVELOPMENT: Any complete formulation of death must include three different elements: a definition of death, its anatomofunctional substratum and the tests required to diagnose death. The three brain oriented formulations of death are: the whole brain, the brain stem, and the neocortical formulations of death. In this paper I review and discuss each of these formulations, and I propose a new formulation about human death based on the physiopathological mechanisms involved in the generation of consciousness. This contains two physiological components: arousal and awareness. Since the structures of the brain stem, the diencephalon and the cerebral cortex interact to generate consciousness, it would be a mistake to make a rigid distinction between their functions from the point of view of waking and content. Important interconnections between the brain stem, other subcortical structures and the neocortex give rise to both components of consciousness. The generation of consciousness, then, is based on the anatomy and the physiology of pathways throughout the whole brain. None of the three formulations above is wholly satisfactory. CONCLUSION: I propose a new formulation of death that identifies consciousness as the most important function of the organism, because it provides the essential human attributes and the highest level of control within the hierarchy of integrating functions of the organism