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1.
BJS Open ; 8(4)2024 Jul 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38987232

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Inguinal lymph node dissection plays an important role in the management of melanoma, penile and vulval cancer. Inguinal lymph node dissection is associated with various intraoperative and postoperative complications with significant heterogeneity in classification and reporting. This lack of standardization challenges efforts to study and report inguinal lymph node dissection outcomes. The aim of this study was to devise a system to standardize the classification and reporting of inguinal lymph node dissection perioperative complications by creating a worldwide collaborative, the complications and adverse events in lymphadenectomy of the inguinal area (CALI) group. METHODS: A modified 3-round Delphi consensus approach surveyed a worldwide group of experts in inguinal lymph node dissection for melanoma, penile and vulval cancer. The group of experts included general surgeons, urologists and oncologists (gynaecological and surgical). The survey assessed expert agreement on inguinal lymph node dissection perioperative complications. Panel interrater agreement and consistency were assessed as the overall percentage agreement and Cronbach's α. RESULTS: Forty-seven experienced consultants were enrolled: 26 (55.3%) urologists, 11 (23.4%) surgical oncologists, 6 (12.8%) general surgeons and 4 (8.5%) gynaecology oncologists. Based on their expertise, 31 (66%), 10 (21.3%) and 22 (46.8%) of the participants treat penile cancer, vulval cancer and melanoma using inguinal lymph node dissection respectively; 89.4% (42 of 47) agreed with the definitions and inclusion as part of the inguinal lymph node dissection intraoperative complication group, while 93.6% (44 of 47) agreed that postoperative complications should be subclassified into five macrocategories. Unanimous agreement (100%, 37 of 37) was achieved with the final standardized classification system for reporting inguinal lymph node dissection complications in melanoma, vulval cancer and penile cancer. CONCLUSION: The complications and adverse events in lymphadenectomy of the inguinal area classification system has been developed as a tool to standardize the assessment and reporting of complications during inguinal lymph node dissection for the treatment of melanoma, vulval and penile cancer.


Asunto(s)
Consenso , Técnica Delphi , Conducto Inguinal , Escisión del Ganglio Linfático , Melanoma , Neoplasias del Pene , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Neoplasias de la Vulva , Humanos , Escisión del Ganglio Linfático/efectos adversos , Escisión del Ganglio Linfático/métodos , Femenino , Masculino , Neoplasias del Pene/cirugía , Neoplasias del Pene/patología , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/etiología , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/epidemiología , Neoplasias de la Vulva/cirugía , Neoplasias de la Vulva/patología , Melanoma/cirugía , Melanoma/patología , Conducto Inguinal/cirugía , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
2.
Cancer Med ; 13(14): e70025, 2024 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39003681

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Lymphatic metastasis is the major challenge in the treatment of penile cancer. The prognosis of individuals with lymphatic metastasis is extremely poor. Therefore, early identification of disease progression and lymphatic metastasis is an urgent task for researchers in penile cancer worldwide. METHODS: In this study, using single-cell RNA sequencing, an immune landscape was established for the cancer ecosystem based on 46,861 cells from six patients with penile cancer (four with lymphatic metastasis [stage IV] and two without lymphatic metastasis [stage I]). Using bulk RNA sequencing, the discrepancy between the cancers and their respective metastatic lymph nodes was depicted based on seven patients with penile cancer. RESULTS: The interaction between epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells, and the functional cooperation among invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis were found to be important landscapes in the penile cancer ecosystem, playing important roles in progression of cancer and lymph node metastasis. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to investigate the altered tumor microenvironment heterogeneity of penile cancer as it evolves from non-lymphatic to lymphatic metastasis and provides insights into the mechanisms underlying malignant progression, the premetastatic niche, and lymphatic metastasis in penile cancer.


Asunto(s)
Progresión de la Enfermedad , Metástasis Linfática , Neoplasias del Pene , Microambiente Tumoral , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias del Pene/patología , Transición Epitelial-Mesenquimal , Análisis de la Célula Individual , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Ganglios Linfáticos/patología
3.
Cancer Med ; 13(12): e7353, 2024 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38888362

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Penile cancer (PC) is a lethal malignancy with no effective prognostic biomarker. We aim to investigate associations between trajectories of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-A) and patient outcomes after chemotherapy based on paclitaxel, ifosfamid, and cisplatin (TIP) regimen. METHODS: Consecutive AJCC staging III/IV PC patients who received TIP chemotherapy and repeated SCC-A measurements in 2014-2022 were analyzed. Latent class growth mixed (LCGM) models were employed to characterize patients' serum SCC-A trajectories. Patient survival, and clinical and pathological tumor responses were compared. Inverse probability treatment weighting was used to adjust confounding factors. RESULTS: Eighty patients were included. LCGM models identified two distinct trajectories of SCC-A: low-stable (40%; n = 32) and high-decline (60%; n = 48). Overall survival (HR [95% CI]: 3.60 [1.23-10.53], p = 0.019), progression-free survival (HR [95% CI]: 11.33 [3.19-40.3], p < 0.001), objective response rate (37.5% vs. 62.5% p = 0.028), disease control rate (60.4% vs. 96.9% p < 0.00), and pathological complete response rate (21.2% vs. 51.9%, p = 0.014) were significantly worse in the high-decline arm. CONCLUSION: PC patients' SCC-A change rate was associated with tumor response and patient survival after TIP chemotherapy. SCC-A might assist tumor monitoring after systemic therapies.


Asunto(s)
Antígenos de Neoplasias , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica , Cisplatino , Paclitaxel , Neoplasias del Pene , Serpinas , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias del Pene/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias del Pene/sangre , Neoplasias del Pene/mortalidad , Neoplasias del Pene/patología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Antígenos de Neoplasias/sangre , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Paclitaxel/administración & dosificación , Paclitaxel/uso terapéutico , Cisplatino/uso terapéutico , Cisplatino/administración & dosificación , Serpinas/sangre , Anciano , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Biomarcadores de Tumor/sangre , Pronóstico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Adulto
5.
Diagn Pathol ; 19(1): 72, 2024 Jun 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38831436

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Primary testicular lymphoma (PTL) is relatively rare. The contralateral testis is a common site of PTL relapse; therefore, once complete remission is achieved, radiation therapy (RT) is administered to the contralateral testis to prevent relapse. CASE PRESENTATION: A 76-year-old man was diagnosed with PTL and received RT as described above. However, despite achieving and maintaining complete remission, a mass diagnosed as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by tissue biopsy developed in the glans penis 6.5 years after prophylactic RT. We investigated whether the glans penile lymphoma was PTL relapse or a new malignancy by genomic analysis using next-generation sequencing of DNA extracted from two histopathological specimens. CONCLUSIONS: We found the same variant allele fraction in four somatic genes (MYD88, IL7R, BLNK, and FLT3) at similar frequencies, indicating that the glans penile lymphoma had the same origin as the PTL. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of PTL relapse in the glans penis.


Asunto(s)
Secuenciación de Nucleótidos de Alto Rendimiento , Linfoma de Células B Grandes Difuso , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia , Neoplasias del Pene , Neoplasias Testiculares , Humanos , Masculino , Anciano , Neoplasias Testiculares/patología , Neoplasias Testiculares/genética , Neoplasias Testiculares/radioterapia , Linfoma de Células B Grandes Difuso/genética , Linfoma de Células B Grandes Difuso/patología , Linfoma de Células B Grandes Difuso/radioterapia , Neoplasias del Pene/patología , Neoplasias del Pene/radioterapia , Neoplasias del Pene/genética , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/patología , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/genética
6.
Urol Clin North Am ; 51(3): 335-345, 2024 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38925736

RESUMEN

Penile cancer with bulky inguinal metastasis has a high probability of harboring pathologically involved lymph nodes best managed in a multidisciplinary care setting. Appropriate staging with cross-sectional imaging and fine-needle aspirate cytology of suspicious nodes guide decision-making for the use of platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by inguinal lymph node dissection. Surgical resection plays an important diagnostic, therapeutic, and guiding role in disease management. Patients with adverse pathologic features, especially those with extranodal disease extension, may derive additional benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy.


Asunto(s)
Conducto Inguinal , Escisión del Ganglio Linfático , Ganglios Linfáticos , Metástasis Linfática , Pelvis , Neoplasias del Pene , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias del Pene/terapia , Neoplasias del Pene/patología , Ganglios Linfáticos/patología , Estadificación de Neoplasias
7.
Urol Clin North Am ; 51(3): 367-376, 2024 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38925739

RESUMEN

Penile cancer is a rare malignancy with a poor prognosis. Studies with single-agent immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated efficacy, but response rates are low. Studies combining ICIs with both chemotherapy and targeted therapy are ongoing. Up to 50% of penile cancer cases are associated with human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV-targeting therapies, such as HPV-targeting vaccines and T-cell receptor therapies, are an area of active investigation. Penile cancer cells also express cell surface antigens that may be targeted by the emerging class of antibody-drug conjugates.


Asunto(s)
Inhibidores de Puntos de Control Inmunológico , Neoplasias del Pene , Humanos , Neoplasias del Pene/terapia , Neoplasias del Pene/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias del Pene/patología , Masculino , Inhibidores de Puntos de Control Inmunológico/uso terapéutico , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/tratamiento farmacológico , Inmunoterapia/métodos , Metástasis de la Neoplasia , Terapia Molecular Dirigida
8.
Urol Clin North Am ; 51(3): 313-325, 2024 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38925734

RESUMEN

The landscape of squamous cell carcinoma of the penis (SCC-P) has undergone a significant transformation since the new World Health Organization classification of genitourinary cancers and recent European Association of Urology/American Association of Clinical Oncology guidelines. These changes emphasize the necessity to categorize SCC-P into 2 groups based on its association with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. This shift has major implications, considering that prior knowledge was derived from a mix of both groups. Given the distinct prognosis, treatment options, and staging systems observed for HPV-associated tumors in other body areas, the question now arises: will similar patterns emerge for SCC-P?


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Infecciones por Papillomavirus , Neoplasias del Pene , Humanos , Neoplasias del Pene/patología , Neoplasias del Pene/virología , Masculino , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/patología , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Pronóstico
9.
Urol Clin North Am ; 51(3): 347-354, 2024 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38925737

RESUMEN

Penile cancer (PC), although rare, poses significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment. Penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) represents the most common histologic subtype of PC, accounting for approximately 95% of cases. With limited therapeutic options available, systemic therapies have emerged as critical components in the management of advanced PSCC. Recent developments in clinical research have revealed the effectiveness of new therapeutic strategies. By elucidating the mechanism of action and clinical evidence supporting these treatments, we strive to offer insights into optimizing treatment strategies and enhancing the quality of care for patients affected by this complex disease.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Neoplasias del Pene , Humanos , Neoplasias del Pene/terapia , Neoplasias del Pene/patología , Masculino , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/terapia , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico
11.
Minerva Urol Nephrol ; 76(3): 278-285, 2024 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38920009

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Inguinal lymph nodes dissection (ILND) is recommended in patients presenting with high-risk penile (PC) or vulvar cancers (VC). Though, this surgical procedure is underused because of its anticipated morbidity. Minimally invasive approaches were proposed to minimize complications associated with open surgery. In this review, we analyze current available data exploring intra and perioperative outcomes of robot-assisted ILND (RAIL). EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: On April 9th, 2023, a literature search was conducted using the PubMed and Scopus databases. The search employed the combination of the following terms: ("robotic assisted" OR "robot-assisted" OR "robotic") AND ("inguinal lymph node dissection" OR "lymphadenectomy") AND ("penile cancer" OR "vulvar cancer"). Out of the 404 identified articles, 18 were used for the present scoping review and their results were reported according to the PRISMA statement. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Data on 171 patients, ranging in age from 32 to 85 years, were obtained. Most of them (90.6%) harbored a penile squamous cell carcinoma and presented with no palpable nodes (85%). Operation time (OT) ranged between 45 and 300 min. Estimated blood loss varied from 10 to 300 mL. One single intra-operative complication was reported and one conversion to open was recorded. The lymph nodes (LNs) count spanned from 3 to 26 per groin, with 17 studies reporting a median yield >7 nodes. Hospital stay was 1-7 days, while the duration of drainage ranged from 4 to 72 days. Post-operative complications included lymphocele (22.2%; 0-100%), lymphedema (13.4%; 0-40%), cellulitis (11.1%; 0-25%), skin necrosis (8.7%; 0-15.4%). seroma (3.5%; 0-20%) and wound breakdown/wound infection (2.9%; 0-10%). Out of the included studies, 7 provided at least a 12-month follow-up, with recurrence-free rates ranging from 50% to 100% in patients affected by penile cancer and from 92% to 100% in vulvar cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS: The available evidence on RAIL for the treatment of PC and VC is limited. The approach appears to be safe and effective, as it provides an adequate lymph node yield while ensuring a minimally morbid postoperative course and a short hospital stay.


Asunto(s)
Conducto Inguinal , Escisión del Ganglio Linfático , Neoplasias del Pene , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Robotizados , Neoplasias de la Vulva , Humanos , Neoplasias del Pene/cirugía , Neoplasias del Pene/patología , Escisión del Ganglio Linfático/métodos , Escisión del Ganglio Linfático/efectos adversos , Masculino , Neoplasias de la Vulva/cirugía , Neoplasias de la Vulva/patología , Femenino , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Robotizados/métodos , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Robotizados/efectos adversos , Conducto Inguinal/cirugía
12.
Am J Surg Pathol ; 48(7): 825-833, 2024 Jul 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38808927

RESUMEN

Penile melanomas (PM) are an exceedingly rare subtype of mucosal melanoma (MM), and we reviewed the clinicopathologic features and molecular profile in 8 PMs. The patient ages ranged from 46 to 78 (mean: 62.8) years with involvement on the glans (n=5; 62.5%), penile urethra (n=2; 25%), and foreskin (n=1, 12.5%). Tumor depth ranged from 1.6 to 10.0 (mean: 5.25) mm. Most of the patients underwent partial penectomy (n=6; 75%) and sentinel lymph node (LN) biopsy N=7; 87.5%). Seven patients had metastatic disease at diagnosis, 6 involving LNs and 1 the adrenal gland, and 4 died of disease with a mean follow-up period of 40.5 (2 to 95) months. Five of 7 (71%) cases identified 15 molecular alterations within KIT , CDKN2A , NF1 , PTEN , and APC (n=2 each), and NRAS , MAP3K1 , CDH1 , MSH6 , and TERT (n=1 each). Two cases were not found to harbor genetic aberrations, and 1 case failed testing. In addition, we reviewed the English literature and included 93 cases with a reported depth of invasion and follow-up. A total of 101 PMs were analyzed for prognostic parameters, and the overall survival was significantly worse in patients with LN metastasis (P=0.0008), distant metastasis (P=0.0016), and greater depth of invasion (P=0.0222) based upon T-stage. While T4 conferred substantially worse survival, the delineation of the survival curves between T2 and T3 was less clear, and combining T2+T3 disease had a strong prognostic impact ( P =0.0024). Prognostic parameters used in the staging of cutaneous melanomas may also be used in PMs. An alternative staging system expanding the inclusion criteria for T2 might provide a more accurate prognostic stratification.


Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor , Melanoma , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Neoplasias del Pene , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias del Pene/patología , Neoplasias del Pene/mortalidad , Neoplasias del Pene/genética , Neoplasias del Pene/cirugía , Melanoma/genética , Melanoma/patología , Melanoma/mortalidad , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Biopsia del Ganglio Linfático Centinela , Metástasis Linfática , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Inmunohistoquímica , Factores de Tiempo
13.
Oncotarget ; 15: 302-311, 2024 May 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38742684

RESUMEN

The main goal of the present study was to analyze the expression profile of cyclin D1 in patients with PC, and to determine possible correlations with clinical and histopathological features. A survey was conducted with 100 patients diagnosed with PC, who were treated at two reference hospitals in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil, between 2013 and 2017. A review of clinical, epidemiological, and histopathological data was performed, Human Papillomavírus (HPV) DNA was detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cyclin D1 expression analysis was performed using immunohistochemical techniques. The data revealed that the absence of cyclin D1 expression was significantly associated with HPV-positive histological subtypes (p = 0.001), while its expression was associated with high-grade tumors (p = 0.014), histological subtype (p = 0.001), presence of sarcomatoid transformation (p = 0.04), and perineural invasion (p = 0.023). Patients with cyclin D1 expression exhibited lower disease-free survival compared to the cyclin D1-negative group, although the difference was not statistically significant. The results suggest that cyclin D1 may be a potential biomarker for PC, especially for poorer prognosis.


Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor , Ciclina D1 , Neoplasias del Pene , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Brasil/epidemiología , Ciclina D1/metabolismo , Ciclina D1/genética , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Inmunohistoquímica , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/metabolismo , Neoplasias del Pene/genética , Neoplasias del Pene/patología , Neoplasias del Pene/virología , Pronóstico
17.
Clin Genitourin Cancer ; 22(4): 102117, 2024 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38820999

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate disease-free survival (DFS) outcomes and associated prognostic factors among surgically treated penile cancer patients at Songklanagarind Hospital, Thailand, over a 20-year period. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 208 primary penile cancer patients treated between January 2001 and December 2022. Disease-free survival was assessed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves, and Cox proportional hazard models were employed for multivariate analysis. RESULTS: All of patients (100%) were squamous cell carcinoma of penis, with 38.9% having T1 tumors, 70.7% well-differentiated tumors, and 32.6% diagnosed at stage III. The recurrence rate was 16.8%, with a mean time to recurrence of 25.9 months. Disease-free survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 82.1%, 72%, and 70.2%, respectively. Median overall survival was 18.2 months, with rates at 1, 3, and 5 years at 68.7%, 44.7%, and 36.4%, respectively. Significant associations were found between disease-free survival and higher T stage, clinical chronic inflammation, delayed onset of symptoms, primary lesion location, groin node metastasis, lymphovascular invasion, and pelvic lymph node metastases. However, multivariate analysis revealed that higher primary tumor stage (T) was the only independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival. CONCLUSION: This study provides valuable insights into disease-free survival outcomes in penile cancer treatment at a single institution over an extended period. Higher pathologic T stage emerged as the sole independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival. Further validation through large-scale prospective studies is warranted.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Neoplasias del Pene , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias del Pene/mortalidad , Neoplasias del Pene/patología , Neoplasias del Pene/cirugía , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/mortalidad , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirugía , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Tailandia/epidemiología , Tasa de Supervivencia , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años
19.
PLoS One ; 19(5): e0300729, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38691575

RESUMEN

Penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) occurs more frequently in some developing countries compared to developed countries. Infection with HIV and/or high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) are risk factors for penile cancer development. The tumor microenvironment of PSCC may predict prognosis and may inform on the best targets for immunotherapy. We evaluated the immune microenvironment of penile tumors histologically, and determined whether and/or how HIV and/or hrHPV infections affect this tumor microenvironment. We conducted a prospective analytical cross-sectional study in which penile cancer tumors from 35 patients presenting at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia were histologically staged and assessed for presence of tumor infiltrating immune cells and expression of immune checkpoints. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate immune checkpoints and infiltrating immune cells, while multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction was used for hrHPV genotyping. The median age of all participants was 55 years. About 24% had advanced histological stage, 83% were HIV+, and 63% had hrHPV detected in their tumors using multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction. PDL1 expression was significantly higher in HIV- participants than HIV+ participants (p = 0.02). Tumors with multiple hrHPV infections had a significantly higher number of cells expressing TIM3 than those with one hrHPV (p = 0.04). High grade tumors had a significantly higher infiltrate of FoxP3+ cells (p = 0.02), CD68+ cells (p = 0.01), CD163+ cells (p = 0.01), LAG3+ cells (p = 0.01), PD1+ cells (p = 0.01) and TIM3+ cells (p = 0.03) when compared with low grade tumours. There was significant moderate to strong positive correlation of cells expressing PD1 and LAG3 (⍴ = 0.69; p = 0.0001), PD1 and TIM3 (⍴ = 0.49; p = 0.017) and TIM3 and LAG3 PDL1 (⍴ = 0.61; p = 0.001). In conclusion, the tumor microenvironment of penile squamous cell carcinoma seems to be affected by both HIV and HPV infections. TIM3 appears to be a potential therapeutic target in PSCC patients with hrHPV infections.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Infecciones por VIH , Infecciones por Papillomavirus , Neoplasias del Pene , Microambiente Tumoral , Humanos , Masculino , Microambiente Tumoral/inmunología , Neoplasias del Pene/virología , Neoplasias del Pene/patología , Neoplasias del Pene/inmunología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/virología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/inmunología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infecciones por VIH/inmunología , Infecciones por VIH/complicaciones , Infecciones por VIH/virología , Infecciones por VIH/patología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/inmunología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/patología , Estudios Transversales , Antígeno B7-H1/metabolismo , Antígeno B7-H1/genética , Anciano , Papillomaviridae , Adulto , Estudios Prospectivos , Linfocitos Infiltrantes de Tumor/inmunología , Virus del Papiloma Humano
20.
Int J Med Sci ; 21(6): 1176-1186, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38774752

RESUMEN

Background: To uncover the potential significance of JAK-STAT-SOCS1 axis in penile cancer, our study was the pioneer in exploring the altered expression processes of JAK-STAT-SOCS1 axis in tumorigenesis, malignant progression and lymphatic metastasis of penile cancer. Methods: In current study, the comprehensive analysis of JAK-STAT-SOCS1 axis in penile cancer was analyzed via multiple analysis approaches based on GSE196978 data, single-cell data (6 cancer samples) and bulk RNA data (7 cancer samples and 7 metastasis lymph nodes). Results: Our study observed an altered molecular expression of JAK-STAT-SOCS1 axis during three different stages of penile cancer, from tumorigenesis to malignant progression to lymphatic metastasis. STAT4 was an important dominant molecule in penile cancer, which mediated the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by driving the apoptosis of cytotoxic T cell and was also a valuable biomarker of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment response. Conclusions: Our findings revealed that the complexity of JAK-STAT-SOCS1 axis and the predominant role of STAT4 in penile cancer, which can mediate tumorigenesis, malignant progression, and lymphatic metastasis. This insight provided valuable information for developing precise treatment strategies for patients with penile cancer.


Asunto(s)
Progresión de la Enfermedad , Quinasas Janus , Metástasis Linfática , Neoplasias del Pene , Factor de Transcripción STAT4 , Proteína 1 Supresora de la Señalización de Citocinas , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias del Pene/patología , Neoplasias del Pene/genética , Neoplasias del Pene/metabolismo , Proteína 1 Supresora de la Señalización de Citocinas/genética , Proteína 1 Supresora de la Señalización de Citocinas/metabolismo , Metástasis Linfática/patología , Metástasis Linfática/genética , Quinasas Janus/metabolismo , Factor de Transcripción STAT4/metabolismo , Factor de Transcripción STAT4/genética , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Carcinogénesis/genética , Carcinogénesis/patología , Transducción de Señal , Microambiente Tumoral/inmunología , Inhibidores de Puntos de Control Inmunológico/uso terapéutico , Inhibidores de Puntos de Control Inmunológico/farmacología
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