Interdisciplinary management of maxillary incisors with root resorption caused by impacted canines: A case report.

The aetiology of impacted canines is multi-factorial. Several theories have been proposed, such as lack of space, genetic predisposition, physical barriers like supernumerary teeth, odontomas and other conditions that interfere with the eruption pathway. One of the main complications that can be generated by impacted canines is the resorption of the root of the adjacent teeth. This case report examines the importance of interdisciplinary management of maxillary incisors with root resorption caused by impacted canines in a 13-year-old male patient. Careful traction of impacted canines and proper tissue management followed by space closure and retroclination of anterior incisors with orthodontic treatment. Finally, functional and aesthetic results using dental veneers for oral rehabilitation allowed the patient to obtain favourable results.

Factors associated with the survival of primary maxillary anterior teeth after intrusive luxation: a retrospective longitudinal study.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the survival rate of primary maxillary anterior teeth following intrusive luxation and identify associated factors. METHODS: A retrospective longitudinal study was conducted at a primary dental trauma centre using 88 dental records of children with intrusive luxation between 2007 and 2018. The variables of interest were time the tooth remained in the alveolus, degree of intrusion, accentuated overjet, lip protection, visible plaque, compromised germ of the permanent successor, clinical signs of infectious and inflammatory processes, endodontic treatment, pulp canal obliteration, sex, age at the time of trauma, family income, mother's schooling, and immediate care. Descriptive, bivariate, and Cox regression analyses were performed (p < 0.05; 95% CI). RESULTS: The 88 dental records of children with intrusive luxation included 128 teeth. Survival rate throughout the follow-up period was 65.6% (n = 84). Age older than three years and eight months (HR 2.28; 95% CI 1.04-4.99; p = 0.039), the development of an infectious process (HR 3.51; 95% CI 1.39-8.86; p = 0.008), development of an inflammatory process (HR 2.35; 95% CI 1.17-4.71; p = 0.016) and compromised germ of the permanent successor (HR 4.38; 95% CI 1.99-9.61; p < 0.001) were associated with a lower survival rate of intruded primary maxillary anterior teeth. CONCLUSION: The survival rate during the follow-up period of intruded primary maxillary anterior teeth was considered high. A significantly lower survival rate was associated with age, the occurrence of an infectious process and inflammatory process, and the compromised germ of the permanent successor.

Orthodontic-surgical retreatment of facial asymmetry with occlusal cant and severe root resorption: A 3-year follow-up.

Our objective was to report the orthodontic and surgical retreatment of a patient who had undergone a prolonged orthodontic treatment with extractions, but who had unsatisfactory results and persistent side effects. The man, aged 25 years 3 months, sought treatment with major complaints of facial and smile asymmetries. The clinical examination showed a mandibular deviation to the right and a maxillary occlusal cant. A Class II Division 1 subdivision right was observed. Radiographic examination showed extensive root resorptions in the maxillary second premolars and absence of the 4 first premolars. The maxillary midline was deflected 2 mm to the left, and the mandibular midline was shifted 5 mm to the right. Aligning and leveling were performed with orthodontic fixed appliances, with a standard edgewise system (0.022 × 0.028 in), followed by LeFort I maxillary impaction and bilateral sagittal split osteotomy with asymmetrical advancement. Retreatment showed outstanding results that remained stable after 3 years of follow-up. Root resorption in the second premolars did not seem to increase. Orthodontic-surgical intervention is the main choice for correcting esthetic and functional problems in facial asymmetry, particularly in cases of retreatment.

Sobretratamento: uma alternativa eficaz na terapia com implante em elemento unitário com reabsorção radicular em paciente portador de periodontite crônica: relato de caso / Overtreatment: an effective alternative in implant therapy on a single tooth with root resorption in patient with chronic periodontitis: a case report

Paciente do sexo masculino, 54 anos de idade, leucoderma, compareceu a uma clínica privada para tratamento odontológico. Na anamnese, verificou-se tratar de um paciente saudável sistemicamente; os exames clínico e radiográfico demonstraram reabsorção dos terços apical e médio da raiz do dente 21. A opção de tratamento foi a realização da extração do elemento dentário e realização de implante imediato com carga tardia, utilizando-se o dente do próprio paciente como provisório fixado aos dentes vizinhos. O paciente foi informado sobre os detalhes das fases pré-, trans- e pós-cirúrgica, e autorizou a execução do tratamento e da documentação fotográfica com fins de publicação e divulgação. A utilização de periótomo foi necessária para uma exodontia atraumática. Após remoção atraumática da raiz, e com o osso alveolar remanescente preservado, optou-se por realizar a instalação imediata do implante (Neodent, Curitiba/PR, Brasil), com formato cônico e encaixe cone morse. O espaço alvéolo- implante foi preenchido com Bio-Oss®; removeu-se do palato um enxerto conjuntivo subeptelial, rotacionado para vestibular, e fez-se a obliteração do alvéolo — nessa fase, é importante garantir a imobilidade do enxerto, para sua revascularização. Passou-se, então, à fase protética do provisório, utilizando a coroa do elemento extraído como provisório e estabelecendo um pôntico, afixado com resina composta nos elementos 11 e 22. Assim, após a etapa de provisório utilizando o pôntico reembasado com resina composta, começou-se a confecção da coroa protética final. Após acompanhamento de três anos do caso, foi possível concluir que a associação das técnicas obteve resultados estéticos previsíveis e satisfatórios para a prevenção da saúde peri-implantar, conforme planejado...

A male, 54‐year‐old, Caucasian patient attended a private clinic for dental treatment. Hismedical history revealed a systemically healthy patient. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed resorption in the apical and middle thirds of tooth 21 root. A treatment option was to perform extraction of tooth 21 and implant placement with late loading, using patient's own tooth as a provisional secured to adjacent teeth. The patient was made aware of the details before, during and after surgery, and authorized the implementation of treatment and photographic documentation for purposes of publication and dissemination. The use of Periotome was required for atraumatic extraction. After atraumatic removal of the root, andwith the remaining alveolar bone being preserved, we chose to perform immediate implantplacement (Neodent‐Curitiba‐PR, Brazil). The implant was of conical shape and of the MorseTaper type. The alveolar‐implant space was filled with Bio‐Oss®, subepithelial connective graftwas harvested from the palate, with buccal rotation, and alveolar obliteration was carried out. At this stage, it is important to ensure graft immobility for vascularization. Subsequently, the prosthetic phase was carried out with the crown of the extracted tooth used as a temporary tooth, establishing a provisional pontic secured to between teeth 11 and 22 with compositeresin. Accordingly, after the temporary tooth phase with a pontic secured with composite resin, the final prosthetic crown was manufactured. After a three‐year follow‐up, we conclude that the combination of techniques yielded predictable and satisfactory outcomes for themaintenance of peri‐implant health, as planned ...

Orthodontic treatment in patient with idiopathic root resorption: a case report.

Multiple idiopathic external root resorption is a rare pathological condition usually detected as an incidental radiographic finding. External root resorption of permanent teeth is a multifactorial process related to several local and systemic factors. If an etiological factor cannot be identified for root resorption, the term "idiopathic" is applied. This report presents a case of multiple idiopathic apical root resorption. The condition was found in a young female patient seeking orthodontic treatment due to malocclusion. This kind of resorption starts apically and progresses coronally, causing a gradual shortening and rounding of the remaining root. Patients with this condition are not the ideal candidates for orthodontic treatment; however, the aim of this report is to describe an unusual case of idiopathic root resorption involving the entire dentition, and to present the orthodontic treatment of this patient. It describes the progress and completion of orthodontic therapy with satisfactory end results.

Protocol for immediate implant replacement of infected teeth.

Extraction and immediate implant placement has become routine procedure due to reduced treatment time and the preservation of anatomical structures. However, in many cases, this technique involves teeth with different degrees of tissue compromise due to underlying infections. Until now, the degree of implant compromise has not been described, nor has a clinical management protocol been established for these cases. The aim of this article is to report the clinical results of a protocol used for immediate implant placement and provisionalization in infected extraction sockets. A classification of the implant surface compromise (in contact with previously infected tissue) is also described to facilitate the comparative analysis. It is possible to maintain the benefits of immediate implant placement and provisionalization in infected sites by applying a clinical protocol that considers antibiotic therapy, a thorough curettage of the infected tissue, antisepsis, and sufficient primary implant stability.

Analysis of root canal treated primary incisor after trauma: two year outcomes.

BACKGROUND: The low number of clinical studies of traumatized teeth submitted to root canal treatment is completely out of proportion to the seriousness that dental trauma imposes on children in early years. AIM: This study evaluates the outcomes of root canal treatment (RCT) in traumatized primary incisors and identifies the predisposing factors associated with therapy success. METHODS: This is a retrospective study conducted with all dental records of 704 patients who had one or more teeth with traumatic injuries. Patients with irreversible pulp changes in primary teeth leading to RCT with a 24 month follow-up met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: Twenty-five maxillary incisors of 17 children were evaluated. The children's age at the time of therapy ranged from 24 to 72 months (mean 47.3). Pulp necrosis was the most common disorder (84.0%) and pre-operative periapical lesions were observed in 52.0%. Coronal discoloration was found in 48.0%. The roots were filled with ZOE paste (68.0%) or Guedes-Pinto paste (32.0%). Overall RCT success rate was 68.0%. The absence of pre-operative periapical lesions (p = 0.02) and pathological root resorption (p = 0.02) presented positive association with therapy success. Success was not associated to filling paste (p = 0.49), filling extent (p = 0.44), of discoloration (p = 0.39) nor the patients' age (p = 0.59). CONCLUSIONS: RCT was considered successful in 68.0% of the cases at the 24 month follow-up. Failure of RCT in traumatized primary incisors was associated with pre-operatory periapical lesions and pathological root resorption. The filling paste, the filling extent and the patient's age were unrelated with therapy success.

Tratamento em incisivos centrais superiores após traumatismo dental / Treatment of upper central incisors after trauma

Os traumatismos dentários constituem, na atualidade, uma das principais causas da procura pelo cirurgião-dentista. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um caso clínico de traumatismo dental, abordando as diferentes reações pulpares dos dentes afetados e uma proposta de tratamento. Foram identificados dois tipos distintos de respostas pulpares ocorridas em dentes que foram sujeitos a um mesmo traumatismo (dente 21 e 11). Após o exame clínico e radiográfico, foi feito o diagnóstico diferencial entre lesão periapical no dente 21 e a imagem radiolúcida do orifício do nervo nasopalatino. Foi diagnosticado necrose pulpar no dente 21, sem lesão periapical e polpa viva no dente 11, apresentando este reabsorção interna e externa da raiz. Foi realizado o planejamento com indicação de tratamento de canal dos dentes 21 e 11, bem como a restauração estética dos mesmos com recurso de técnicas de clareamento interno e externo. O tratamento seleccionado mostrou um ótimo resultado estético com um custo relativamente baixo. O follow-up de dois anos permitiu confirmar o êxito e a longevidade do tratamento proposto.

Presently, dental trauma is one of the main causes for seeking a dental surgeon. The present paper presents a case report of dental trauma, addressing the different pulp reactions of the affected teeth and a treatment plan. The authors identified two distinct types of pulp reactions in teeth (tooth 21 and 11) subject to the same trauma. After clinical and radiographic examination, the differential diagnosis between periapical lesion on tooth 21 and radiolucency of the nasopalatine foramen was performed. Pulpal necrosis, without periapical lesion, was diagnosed in tooth 21, and live pulp in tooth 11, with internal and external root resorption. A treatment plan was designed, which included root canal treatment of teeth 21 and 11, as well as aesthetical restoration of both using internal and external bleaching techniques. This treatment resulted in optimal aesthetic outcome with relatively low cost. The 2-year follow-up confirmed the success and longevity of the treatment.

The influence of atopy in the prognosis of the replantation of avulsed teeth.

BACKGROUND: Replantation is the most indicated procedure for traumatic dental avulsion, but it invariably results in a greater or lower degree of root resorption. The outcomes of these cases can be affected by some well-known factors. Because studies have shown the importance of the innate and acquired immune response in the mechanisms involved in the resorption of bone tissues, an endeavor was made to verify if such an influence applies to dental resorption. METHODS: Fifty-seven avulsed, endodontically treated teeth were assessed in the Endodontics Clinic, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná. Follow-up of the replanted teeth included periodical clinical examinations and radiographs, in accordance with the control rules of the International Association of Dental Traumatology. The evaluation of atopy was based on the patient's personal and family history in conjunction with the skin-prick test for five allergen extracts. RESULTS: Of the 46 teeth with a favorable outcome, 33 (71.74%) were in atopic patients, and 13 (28.26%) were in non-atopic patients. Of the 11 teeth with an unfavorable outcome, four (36.36%) were in atopic patients, and seven (63.64%) were in non-atopic patients; a greater prevalence of unfavorable prognoses occurred in non-atopic patients. CONCLUSION: The outcome after 1 year for avulsed and replanted teeth is more favorable in atopic patients.

Mineral trioxide aggregate as an alternative treatment for intruded permanent teeth with root resorption and incomplete apex formation.

A case of extensive crown fracture associated with intrusion of the permanent maxillary central incisors in an 8-year-old boy is reported. The treatment of both injured teeth included attempts of apexification and arrest of root resorption with calcium hydroxide. After 8 months of the trauma, there was no calcified barrier formation in the apex. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) was then used as a filling material. At 15-month follow up, the teeth were asymptomatic and correctly sealed, the external inflammatory root resorption had stopped, and the radiolucent image had disappeared, which meant the initial healing of the periapical lesion. MTA may be considered as an alternative option for the treatment of traumatized and immature permanent teeth.

Treatment of invasive cervical resorption with MTA: case report.

This paper presents a case report of a maxillary lateral incisor affected by invasive cervical resorption. The tooth was submitted to a 21-day treatment with calcium hydroxide followed by root canal filling. The area of resorption was sealed with MTA followed by glass ionomer cement and restored with composite resin. Two-year radiographic follow-up showed stability of the resorption site and normal coronal colour and depth of gingival sulcus.

Avaliação da capacidade de vedamento proporcionado por diferentes materiais para confecção de tampão cervical / Evaluation of sealing capacity provided by different materials used to make a cervical tampon

O clareamento dental tem se tornado uma prática muito empregada, porém apresenta riscos para os pacientes, sendo a reabsorção radicular externa um dos mais preocupantes. Na tentativa de minimizar o risco de reabsorção, é indicada a confecção de um tampão cervical. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a capacidade de vedamento dos diferentes materiais para a confecção de tampão, por meio da análise qualitativa e quantitativa da microinfiltração. Quarenta e dois pré-molares superiores foram tratados endodonticamente e aleatoriamente divididos em seis grupos; um grupo controle (guta-percha) e outros cinco grupos com materiais diferentes: iônometro de vidro resinoso; fosfato de zinco; óxido de zinco sem eugenol; cimento resinoso; iônometro de vidro convencional. Após a execução do tampão, os corpos-de-prova foram termociclados, impermeabilizados, corados com solução de azul de metileno a 2% por um período de 24 horas, lavados em água corrente, incluídos em resina acrílica e seccionados longitudinalmente. Os corpos-de-prova foram levados a uma lupa estereoscóspica acoplada a uma câmara para a visualização da infitração, sendo esta determinada pela penetração do corante a partir da margem até a base do tampão. Os resultados foram submetidos a análise estatística empregando o teste de Kruskall-Wallis, não sendo constatada diferença significante entre os grupos (<0,05). A comparação pareada dos grupos permitiu verificar que, quando o grupo restaurado com Coltosol foi comparado aos demais grupos, a diferença foi significante (>0,05). Considerando as condições testadas, concluiu-se que nenhum material é 100% eficaz no vedamento, sendo os melhores resultados apresentados pelo Coltosol

Reabsorção radicular e tratamento ortodôntico: mitos e evidências científicas / radicular resorption and orthodontic treatment: myths and scientific evidences

As reabsorções radiculares constituem uma das principais iatrogenias decorrentes da movimentação dentária induzida ortodonticamente. Apesar de apresentarem magnitude variáve e serem, na maioria dos casos, imprevisíveis, a redução do comprimento radicular normalmente não chega a comprometer a função e a lingevidade dos elementos dentários envolvidos. No entanto, quando diante de reabsorções moderadas a extremas, tem-se adotado condutas baseadas nos fatores de risco e na magnitude das reabsorções. Muita vezes, tem-se de simplificar os objetivos ou até mesmo acelerar a finalização do tratamento, no intuito de minimizar este irreversível custo biológico. Desta maneira, para que se possa identificar os pacientes de risco e tentar reduzir a magnitude das cicatrizes deixadas pela mecanoterapia ortodôntica, é necessário o conhecimento das variáveis mecânicas e biológicas individuais dentro de uma perspectiva baseada em evidências científicas

Enfermedad periodontal: una nueva clasificación / Periodontal disease: a new classification

La enfermedad periodontal sigue siendo una de las patologías de mayor incidencia en la población en general, además de ser una de las causantes de pérdida de dientes, se considera como un factor de riesgo para ciertas enfermedades sistémicas. La enfermedad se presenta afectando a los tejidos que rodean el diente; su diagnóstico acertado es de gran importancia para su adecuado tratamiento y en especial en las etapas tempranas de la enfermedad. Los sistemas de clasificación son necesarios en orden de proveer un marco el cual científicamente estudia la etiología, patogénesis y el tratamiento en una forma ordenada. La Academia Americana de Periodoncia en 1999 realizó el taller sobre clasificación enfermedad periodontal, publicando una nueva clasificación, que está siendo adoptada por la mayoría de los odontólogos, y creemos que es importante que la demos a conocer y difundir para un mejor entendimiento de esta patología. La nueva clasificación divide a la enfermedad periodontal en: enfermedad gingival, periodontitis crónica, periodontitis agresiva, periodontitis como manifestación de enfermedad sistémica, enfermedad periodontal necrotizante, absceso periodontal, periodontittis asociada con lesiones endodónticas y las condiciones o deformidades del desarrollo adquiridas de los tejidos periodontales. Este artículo resume cada una de las anteriores entidades, exponiendo sus principales características para su diagnóstico

Reabsorçäo cervical da raiz: um risco do clareamento näo-vital / Cervical root resorption: a risk of non-vital bleaching

Os autores mostram que a reabsorçäo cervical da raíz é um risco de clareamento dentário näo-vital. A difusäo do agente clareador via canalículo dentinários até os tecidos periodontais pode desencadear uma reaçäo inflamatória que provoca reabsorçäo da raiz, limitando-se à regiäo cervical ou abrangendo áreas maiores, e ocasionar, inclusive, a perda da coroa dentária. O conhecimento do risco de reabsorçäo cervical da raiz e da forma de agir para minimizá-lo faz-se essencial antes da execuçäo de um tratamento clareador dental näo-vital, o que se constitui o tema do trabalho

Reabsorçäo radicular pós-tratamento ortodöntico pela técnica de Tweed / Radicular resorption of upper incisors after orthodontic treatment by tweed technique

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar radiograficamente as reabsorçöes radiculares apicais em uma amostragem de pacientes submetidos a tratamento ortodôntico pela técnica de Tweed. Foram consideradas as seguintes variáveis: duraçäo do tratamento ortodôntico, sexo, idade e tipo de movimento realizado

Reabsorção radicular: aspectos atuais do diagnóstico e do tratamento / Root resorption: actual aspects of diagnostic

A reabsorção radicular pode causar a perda do elemento dentário, caso não seja precisamente diagnosticada e tratada. Seu diagnóstico baseia-se numa avaliação cuidadosa da história médica e dentária, da imagem radiográfica e dos sinais e sintomas clínicos do doente afetado. O tratamento das reabsorções radiculares direcionam-se para a prevenção ou remoção do estímulo que promove o processo inflamatório, já que este é capaz de desencadear e perpetuar o processo reabsortivo. A terapia endodôntica adequada é suficiente para interromper a reabsorção radicular interna, mas nem sempre paralisa a reabsorção radicular externa. Desta maneira, o tratamento endodôntico deve ser aliado ao uso de agentes inflamatórios, bactericidas e/ou substâncias capazes de inibir as células reabsortivas e ativar as células reparativas, aumentando o índice de sucesso do tratamento

Supranumerário - tratamento cirúrgico-ortodôntico: caso clínico / Supernumerary - orthodontic-surgery treatment: a clinical case

Os dentes supranumerários acometem 1 a 3 por cento da população e são detectados geralmente em exames de rotina, afetando principalmente a dentadura permanente. A maioria deles são assintomáticos e em 90 por cento dos casos estão localizados na região anterior da maxila. Se não forem removidos precocemente, podem causar alterações no desenvolvimento da oclusão. Entre estas complicações destacam-se o apinhamento dentário, impacções de dentes permanentes e reabsorções de dentes permanentes e reabsorções radiculares. Este artigo descreve alguns aspectos sobre os dentes supranumerários, baseado numa revisão literária sucinta e apresenta um caso clínico ilustrando uma abordagem ortodôntico-cirurgica