RESUMEN
Geeldikkop was induced in a sheep by oral administration of crude saponins from Tribulus terrestris. Centrifugation of the bile from this sheep gave a pale green sediment of crystalloid material which was insoluble in common organic solvents, but soluble in acetic acid. Analysis of the crystalloid material by 1H and 13C NMR, EDXA, TLC, LSIMS, and by acidic hydrolysis followed by TLC and GC-MS, revealed it to be composed principally of a 6:1 mixture of the calcium salts of the beta-D-glucuronides of the steroidal sapogenins epismilagenin and episarsasapogenin. The administered saponin was found to contain glycosides of the steroidal sapogenins diosgenin, yamogenin, epismilagenin, tigogenin, neotigogenin, gitogenin and neogitogenin in the ratio 10:7:1:11:7:35:25. A metabolic pathway for the conversion of diosgenin and yamogenin saponins to the biliary glucuronides is proposed.
Asunto(s)
Bilis/química , Trastornos por Fotosensibilidad/veterinaria , Intoxicación por Plantas/veterinaria , Enfermedades de las Ovejas , Animales , Enfermedades de las Vías Biliares/etiología , Enfermedades de las Vías Biliares/veterinaria , Cristalización , Diosgenina , Trastornos por Fotosensibilidad/etiología , Sapogeninas/análisis , Sapogeninas/envenenamiento , Ovinos , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/etiologíaRESUMEN
Spectroscopic examinations of purified extracts of the rumen content of sheep intoxicated by Brachiaria decumbens revealed the presence of a mixture of sapogenins, identified as 3-spirostanols. These isomeric steroid sapogenins (C27H44O3) are believed the toxic principles in causing toxicity in sheep after feeding on B. decumbens.
Asunto(s)
Intoxicación por Plantas/veterinaria , Poaceae , Rumen/química , Sapogeninas/análisis , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/etiología , Animales , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas , Estructura Molecular , Extractos Vegetales/análisis , Extractos Vegetales/envenenamiento , Intoxicación por Plantas/etiología , Sapogeninas/química , Sapogeninas/envenenamiento , OvinosRESUMEN
The toxic triterpene acids lantadene A and lantadene B were isolated from Lantana camara and conjugated to bovine serum albumen or haemocyanin. The conjugates were emulsified with complete Freund's adjuvant and injected into sheep and cattle. Vaccinated animals produced antibodies against the toxic compounds. Cholestasis was less severe in vaccinated than in non-vaccinated sheep challenged with a toxic dose of lantana. The results indicated a mild protective effect of vaccination against the hepatotoxic effects of lantana toxins.