Ágar e carvão ativado influenciam no desenvolvimento in vitro da parte aérea e radicular de sequoia / Agar and activated charcoal influence the in vitro development of shoot and root sequoia

Plantios experimentais com Sequoia sempervirens (Lamb), espécie conhecida mundialmente pelo grande porte, longevidade e qualidade madeireira, estão iniciando no Brasil, tornando necessário a disponibilidade de mudas de qualidade. Assim, a técnica de cultura de tecidos, via micropropagação, se torna uma grande aliada pela garantia de superioridade genética, produção em grande escala e tempo reduzido de propagação. Atualmente há inúmeros protocolos para diversas espécies, porém, é necessário verificar todos os agentes influentes no sucesso do desenvolvimento in vitro. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a influência do carvão ativado e de concentrações de ágar no desenvolvimento in vitro aéreo e de raízes de S. sempervirens. Os tratamentos realizados envolveram a presença/ausência do carvão ativado (1 g L-1), combinados com concentrações de ágar (4, 5 e 6 g L-1) em meio MS 50%. Para o número e comprimento de brotos e de raízes, apenas o carvão ativado foi significativo, sendo que a presença beneficiou o desenvolvimento dos explantes. Para porcentagem de calo, houve interação dos fatores, sendo que maiores concentrações de ágar (5 e 6 g L-1) na presença do carvão foram prejudiciais, pois apresentaram maior calosidade, o que minimiza as taxas de enraizamento. Indica-se a adição de carvão ativado (1 g L-1) e de menor concentração de ágar (4 g L-1) em meio de cultura MS 50% para...

Experimental seedlings with Sequoia sempervirens (Lamb), a species known worldwide for its large size, longevity and quality of timber, are beginning in Brazil, making the availability of quality seedlings necessary. Thus, the technique of tissue culture, via micropropagation, becomes a great ally for the guarantee of genetic superiority, large-scale production and reduced propagation time. Currently there are numerous protocols for several species, however, it is necessary to verify all influential agents in the success of in vitro development. The objective of this work was to determine the influence of activated charcoal and agar concentrations on aerial and root development of S. sempervirens. The treatments involved the presence / absence of activated carbon (1 g L-1), combined with concentrations of agar (4, 5 and 6 g L-1) in 50% MS medium. For the number and length of shoots and roots, only activated carbon was significant, and the presence benefited the development of the explants. For the percentage of callus, there was interaction of the factors, and higher concentrations of agar (5 and 6 g L-1) in the presence of medium were harmful, since they presented higher callosity, which minimizes the rooting rates. It is indicated the addition of activated charcoal (1 g L-1) and lower concentration of agar (4 g L-1) in 50% MS culture medium for a better in vitro development...

Ágar e carvão ativado influenciam no desenvolvimento in vitro da parte aérea e radicular de sequoia / Agar and activated charcoal influence the in vitro development of shoot and root sequoia

Plantios experimentais com Sequoia sempervirens (Lamb), espécie conhecida mundialmente pelo grande porte, longevidade e qualidade madeireira, estão iniciando no Brasil, tornando necessário a disponibilidade de mudas de qualidade. Assim, a técnica de cultura de tecidos, via micropropagação, se torna uma grande aliada pela garantia de superioridade genética, produção em grande escala e tempo reduzido de propagação. Atualmente há inúmeros protocolos para diversas espécies, porém, é necessário verificar todos os agentes influentes no sucesso do desenvolvimento in vitro. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a influência do carvão ativado e de concentrações de ágar no desenvolvimento in vitro aéreo e de raízes de S. sempervirens. Os tratamentos realizados envolveram a presença/ausência do carvão ativado (1 g L-1), combinados com concentrações de ágar (4, 5 e 6 g L-1) em meio MS 50%. Para o número e comprimento de brotos e de raízes, apenas o carvão ativado foi significativo, sendo que a presença beneficiou o desenvolvimento dos explantes. Para porcentagem de calo, houve interação dos fatores, sendo que maiores concentrações de ágar (5 e 6 g L-1) na presença do carvão foram prejudiciais, pois apresentaram maior calosidade, o que minimiza as taxas de enraizamento. Indica-se a adição de carvão ativado (1 g L-1) e de menor concentração de ágar (4 g L-1) em meio de cultura MS 50% para...(AU)

Experimental seedlings with Sequoia sempervirens (Lamb), a species known worldwide for its large size, longevity and quality of timber, are beginning in Brazil, making the availability of quality seedlings necessary. Thus, the technique of tissue culture, via micropropagation, becomes a great ally for the guarantee of genetic superiority, large-scale production and reduced propagation time. Currently there are numerous protocols for several species, however, it is necessary to verify all influential agents in the success of in vitro development. The objective of this work was to determine the influence of activated charcoal and agar concentrations on aerial and root development of S. sempervirens. The treatments involved the presence / absence of activated carbon (1 g L-1), combined with concentrations of agar (4, 5 and 6 g L-1) in 50% MS medium. For the number and length of shoots and roots, only activated carbon was significant, and the presence benefited the development of the explants. For the percentage of callus, there was interaction of the factors, and higher concentrations of agar (5 and 6 g L-1) in the presence of medium were harmful, since they presented higher callosity, which minimizes the rooting rates. It is indicated the addition of activated charcoal (1 g L-1) and lower concentration of agar (4 g L-1) in 50% MS culture medium for a better in vitro development...(AU)

Clones identification of Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl. in Chile by using PCR-RAPDs technique.

A protocol of polymerase chain reaction-random amplified polymorphic DNAs (PCR-RAPDs) was established to analyse the gene diversity and genotype identification for clones of Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl. in Chile. Ten (out of 34) clones from introduction trial located in Voipir-Villarrica, Chile, were studied. The PCR-RAPDs technique and a modified hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) protocol were used for genomic DNA extraction. The PCR tests were carried out employing 10-mer random primers. The amplification products were detected by electrophoresis in agarose gels. Forty nine polymorphic bands were obtained with the selected primers (BG04, BF07, BF12, BF13, and BF14) and were ordered according to their molecular size. The genetic similarity between samples was calculated by the Jaccard index and a dendrogram was constructed using a cluster analysis of unweighted pair group method using arithmetic averages (UPGMA). Of the primers tested, 5 (out of 60) RAPD primers were selected for their reproducibility and high polymorphism. A total of 49 polymorphic RAPD bands were detected out of 252 bands. The genetic similarity analysis demonstrates an extensive genetic variability between the tested clones and the dendrogram depicts the genetic relationships among the clones, suggesting a geographic relationship. The results indicate that the RAPD markers permitted the identification of the assayed clones, although they are derived from the same geographic origin.