The anti-emetic properties of 1-sulpiride in a ground-based model of space motion sickness.

L-sulpiride, at a dose of 4 mg/kg, essentially abolished motion-induced emesis in a group of 6 squirrel monkeys undergoing horizontal rotation at 25 rpm, a terrestrial model of space motion sickness (SMS). Extrapyramidal side effects were not observed. In the absence of the drug, the usual emetic response returned. In comparison while typical neuroleptics were also strongly anti-emetic, they produced a considerable degree of rigidity and akinesia.

[Benefit and risk of high-dose metoclopramide in comparison to high-dose haloperidol or triflupromazine in cisplatin-induced vomiting]. / Nutzen und Risiko von hochdosiertem Metoclopramid im Vergleich zu hochdosiertem Haloperidol oder Triflupromazin bei cisplatin-induziertem Erbrechen.

The antiemetic efficacy of metoclopramide (MCL, Paspertin, loading infusion 0.5 mg/kg body wt./h over 2 h, maintenance infusion 0.25 mg/kg/h over 24 h) has been compared with haloperidol (HAL, Haldol, 1/10 of MCL dosage) and with triflupromazine (TFP, Psyquil, 1/2 of MCL dosage) in two sequential analyses, against the emetic effects of cisplatin (60-90 mg/m2). After treating 14 and 8 pairs of patients respectively, MCL was significantly (alpha = 0.05) more effective than HAL or TFP. Only 1 of the 14 patients in the HAL group and 0 of 8 in the TFP group were totally protected against emesis, in contrast to 6 of 14 patients and 3 of 8 in the MCL groups. In order to quantify the benefit/risk relationship of the antiemetic drugs studied the number of prevented emetic episodes (in comparison to previous insufficient treatment) was related to the incidence of major undesired effects (i.e. dystonia and/or akathisia). This relationship was 17.8 and 12.1 for the two MCL groups; for HAL and TFP it was only 5.8 and 4.6, respectively. The high antiemetic selectivity of MCL against cisplatin-induced emesis is probably related to the still unknown action of MCL on the gastrointestinal motility. A high neuroleptic potency, with or without additional anticholinergic activity, is apparently not essential for high antiemetic protection against cisplatin.

Acute exacerbation of paranoid psychotic state after long-term abstinence in patients with previous methamphetamine psychosis.

From a population of 111 patients with chronic methamphetamine (MAP) psychosis, who were treated at ten mental hospitals during the past 3 years, 21 patients were selected for study. Sixteen patients who experienced MAP psychosis again used MAP one or more times after long-term abstinence and experienced acute exacerbation of a paranoid psychotic state which was almost identical to the initial psychotic episode. Four of these patients relapsed following a single MAP reuse of an amount less than that initially used, and one relapsed without evidence of MAP reuse. In eight patients, small doses of neuroleptics, e.g., 3 mg per day of haloperidol, prevented the acute provocation of a psychotic state by MPA reuse. Subsequently, three of these relapsed into a psychotic state following MAP reuse without concurrent haloperidol medication. The clinical data were compared with animal experiments which indicate that chronic MAP use can induce a long-term susceptibility to sensitization to MAP. The positive prophylactic effect of small doses of haloperidol on the acute exacerbation may suggest the participation of dopaminergic supersensitivity as a mechanism for the paranoid psychotic state.

[Triflupromazine-effects in electroencephalogram (author's transl)]. / EEG-Effekte der Medikation mit Triflupromazin (Psyquil). Eine klinische Studie.

Changes of EEG and Computer-EEG have been studied in a group of young patients premedicated intravenously with 10 mg of Triflupromazine, Druginduced changes of cerebral function caused especially variations of alpha-amplitude, in addition an increase of delta-delta/theta- and occasionally of beta-activity. The extend of EEG-changes depended on the individual weight-orientated dosage of Triflupromazine EEG-results and clinical data of quieting and sedative effects showed-with one exception-good correlation.

[Four cases of extrapyramidal effects following the treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum with triflupromazin (author's transl)]. / Vier Fälle von Extra-Pyramidalen Nebenwirkungen bei der Therapie der Hyperemesis-Gravidarum mit Triflupromazin

Report of four cases of extrapyramidal effects following the treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum with neuroleptica (Triflupromazin). A short list is made of the common preparations and their neuroleptic potency. The pathophysiological theory is mentioned and the simple and very effectfull therapy with anti-parkinsonism-drugs.