Asunto(s)
Comités Consultivos , Guías como Asunto , Programas de Inmunización/organización & administración , África Occidental/epidemiología , Erradicación de la Enfermedad , Encefalitis Japonesa/prevención & control , Administración Financiera , Fiebre Hemorrágica Ebola/epidemiología , Fiebre Hemorrágica Ebola/prevención & control , Hepatitis E/prevención & control , Virus de la Hepatitis E/inmunología , Humanos , Esquemas de Inmunización , Vacunas contra la Encefalitis Japonesa/clasificación , Vacunas contra la Encefalitis Japonesa/inmunología , Vacunas Meningococicas/administración & dosificación , Farmacovigilancia , Poliomielitis/prevención & control , Vacuna Antipolio Oral/provisión & distribución , Investigación , Vacunas Conjugadas/administración & dosificación , Vacunas contra Hepatitis Viral/administración & dosificación , Organización Mundial de la SaludRESUMEN
Wider availability of the live, attenuated SA 14-14-2 Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccine has facilitated introduction or expansion of immunization programs in many countries. However, information on their impact is limited. In 2006, Nepal launched a JE immunization program, and by 2009, mass campaigns had been implemented in 23 districts. To describe the impact, we analyzed surveillance data from 2004 to 2009 on laboratory-confirmed JE and clinical acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) cases. The post-campaign JE incidence rate of 1.3 per 100,000 population was 72% lower than expected if no campaigns had occurred, and an estimated 891 JE cases were prevented. In addition, AES incidence was 58% lower, with an estimated 2,787 AES cases prevented, suggesting that three times as many disease cases may have been prevented than indicated by the laboratory-confirmed JE cases alone. These results provide useful information on preventable JE disease burden and the potential value of JE immunization programs.
Asunto(s)
Encefalitis Japonesa/prevención & control , Vacunas contra la Encefalitis Japonesa/inmunología , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , Humanos , Lactante , Vacunas contra la Encefalitis Japonesa/clasificación , Nepal/epidemiología , Vigilancia de la Población , Estudios Retrospectivos , Vacunas Atenuadas/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Two tick-borne encephalitis vaccines produced by two vaccine manufacturers are available in most European countries. A question that is frequently asked regarding these two vaccines concerns their exchangeability, however, to date, no detailed assessment has been published. This review analyzes clinical studies investigating these two vaccines and describes possible approaches to boost or continue uncompleted primary immunization schedules, with either of the two tick-borne encephalitis vaccines.