RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to describe a debilitating postmenopausal condition of continuous burning genital pain that remitted with prolonged estrogen focused on the vulvar vestibule. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Postmenopausal patients with constant genital pain seen by the author in a specialty vulvar health clinic comprised an institutional review board-approved descriptive case series. Examinations to localize pain used 4% lidocaine topical solution. Each patient received estradiol nightly as vestibule crème or constantly by transdermal route and was followed by serial examinations and follow-up telephone contact. Statistical tests included Student t test, Fisher exact test, and Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Between 2008 and 2016, 16 women presented with constant genital pain that was partly or fully extinguishable with topical vestibular lidocaine, and their pain slowly responded to prolonged vestibule-directed estradiol therapy. The mean age was 66.8 years (± 11.2). The mean pain score was 5 (range = 2-10 on a 0-10 scale). Seven (44%) characterized their pain as debilitating, and 13 (81%) had accompanying urinary symptoms. In 9 patients (56%), ovaries had been removed before natural menopause at ages 27-50 years (mean = 39), followed by minimal or no estrogen therapy. Prolonged estrogen therapy eliminated constant pain in 69% and mitigated it in 31%. CONCLUSIONS: Information about this severe but remediable condition that is associated with lack of estrogen may guide specialists who are treating complex vulvar pain. The patients' clinical histories and therapeutic courses invite a review of estrogen receptor physiology related to urogenital pain conditions.
Asunto(s)
Anestésicos Locales/uso terapéutico , Estradiol/uso terapéutico , Estrógenos/uso terapéutico , Satisfacción del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos , Vestibulitis Vulvar/tratamiento farmacológico , Vestibulitis Vulvar/psicología , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Quimioterapia Combinada/métodos , Femenino , Humanos , Lidocaína/uso terapéutico , Persona de Mediana Edad , Oregon , Dolor , Posmenopausia , Resultado del TratamientoAsunto(s)
Capsaicina/efectos adversos , Fármacos del Sistema Sensorial/efectos adversos , Enfermedades de la Piel/tratamiento farmacológico , Vulvodinia/tratamiento farmacológico , Administración Tópica , Capsaicina/administración & dosificación , Capsaicina/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Humanos , Proteínas Sensoras del Calcio Neuronal/efectos de los fármacos , Neuropéptidos/efectos de los fármacos , Evaluación de Resultado en la Atención de Salud , Fármacos del Sistema Sensorial/administración & dosificación , Fármacos del Sistema Sensorial/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades de la Piel/patología , Vestibulitis Vulvar/diagnóstico , Vestibulitis Vulvar/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
The study aimed to assess the effects of ospemifene on vulvar vestibule in postmenopausal women with vulvar pain and dyspareunia. Fifty-five postmenopausal women used oral ospemifene 60 mg/d for 60 d. Symptoms of dryness, burning, and dyspareunia were evaluated on a 10 cm visual analog scale. Visual examination of the vulvar vestibule was also conducted. Patients also underwent current perception threshold (CPT) testing obtained from the vulvar vestibule. Fifty-five patients (94.6%) completed the treatment. Hot flashes were the most frequent adverse effects, but this led to a discontinuation of therapy in three patients (5.4%). After therapy, there was a statistically significant decrease from the baseline in the mean scores for dryness, burning, and dyspareunia and reduction of vestibular trophic score (baseline value of 11.2-4.2 after the therapy, p ≤ 002) and cotton swab test scores (2.81 compared with 1.25, p = .001). There was a difference in CPT values for all nerve fibers and more consistent for C fibers (-38% of sensitivity). These results confirm the efficacy of ospemifene on postmenopausal vestibular symptoms and signs; moreover, the drug was effective in normalizing vestibular innervation sensitivity.
Asunto(s)
Dispareunia/tratamiento farmacológico , Tamoxifeno/análogos & derivados , Vestibulitis Vulvar/tratamiento farmacológico , Vulvodinia/tratamiento farmacológico , Administración Bucal , Dispareunia/complicaciones , Dispareunia/epidemiología , Dispareunia/fisiopatología , Estimulación Eléctrica , Femenino , Sofocos/inducido químicamente , Sofocos/epidemiología , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Dimensión del Dolor/métodos , Percepción del Dolor/efectos de los fármacos , Proyectos Piloto , Posmenopausia/efectos de los fármacos , Posmenopausia/fisiología , Síndrome , Tamoxifeno/administración & dosificación , Tamoxifeno/efectos adversos , Vulva/efectos de los fármacos , Vulva/fisiopatología , Vestibulitis Vulvar/complicaciones , Vestibulitis Vulvar/epidemiología , Vestibulitis Vulvar/fisiopatología , Vulvodinia/complicaciones , Vulvodinia/epidemiología , Vulvodinia/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the application of 0.005% estriol gel to the vulvar vestibule in the management of postmenopausal dyspareunia. STUDY DESIGN: Postmenopausal women with dyspareunia were enrolled in this study. Patients were instructed to use a fingertip to apply 0.25g of vaginal gel containing 25µg of estriol to the vulvar vestibule daily for three weeks and then twice weekly for up to 12 weeks. RESULTS: Assessment of symptoms (dyspareunia and cotton swab test) and signs of vestibular atrophy were performed, and changes between baseline and weeks 3 and 12 were assessed. Adverse events were recorded. A total of 63 women were included. Of the 63, 59 (93.6%) completed the 12-week treatment period, and four dropped out for vestibular burning. Dyspareunia improved or was cured (score ≤1) by week 12 in 81.4% of patients. The patients also showed a statistically significant reduction in vestibular atrophy and cotton swab test at the end of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Application of 0.005% estriol gel to the vulvar vestibule is effective in correcting menopausal coital pain. This suggests that reduction in sensory vestibular innervation sensitivity is likely to play a pivotal role in the relief of dyspareunia. One limitation of this study is the limited follow-up, but the therapy may be continued for as long as the patients are distressed by their symptoms without estrogen intervention.
Asunto(s)
Envejecimiento , Dispareunia/prevención & control , Estriol/administración & dosificación , Estrógenos/administración & dosificación , Vestibulitis Vulvar/tratamiento farmacológico , Vulvodinia/prevención & control , Anciano , Atrofia , Esquema de Medicación , Dispareunia/etiología , Estriol/efectos adversos , Estriol/uso terapéutico , Estrógenos/efectos adversos , Estrógenos/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Geles , Humanos , Italia , Persona de Mediana Edad , Dolor/inducido químicamente , Dimensión del Dolor , Pacientes Desistentes del Tratamiento , Posmenopausia , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Cremas, Espumas y Geles Vaginales/administración & dosificación , Cremas, Espumas y Geles Vaginales/efectos adversos , Cremas, Espumas y Geles Vaginales/uso terapéutico , Vulva , Vestibulitis Vulvar/inmunología , Vestibulitis Vulvar/patología , Vestibulitis Vulvar/fisiopatología , Vulvodinia/etiologíaRESUMEN
Vulvodynia is a multifactorial chronic pain disorder that is distressing to the patient and exigent to the physician. Although the condition is common, it remains little understood, so patients remain undiagnosed and untreated or undertreated for many years. Although multiple therapies exist in the treatment of vulvodynia, few randomized controlled clinical trials have been performed. Thus, treatment should be individualized and tailored to a patient's diagnosis, symptoms, and psychosexual functioning. Patient education is also important and is facilitated by patient brochures providing assurance that vulvodynia is a real disease.
Asunto(s)
Vulvodinia , Anticonvulsivantes/uso terapéutico , Antidepresivos/uso terapéutico , Biorretroalimentación Psicológica , Toxinas Botulínicas/uso terapéutico , Ejercicio Físico , Conducta Alimentaria , Femenino , Humanos , Interferón-alfa/uso terapéutico , Terapia por Láser , Dolor/etiología , Manejo del Dolor , Diafragma Pélvico/fisiología , Modalidades de Fisioterapia , Calidad de Vida/psicología , Esteroides/uso terapéutico , Vestibulitis Vulvar/tratamiento farmacológico , Vestibulitis Vulvar/cirugía , Vulvodinia/diagnóstico , Vulvodinia/etiología , Vulvodinia/terapiaRESUMEN
Botulinum toxin could represent nowadays a new treatment modality especially for cutaneous conditions in course of which conventional treatments remain unsuccessful. Besides palmar and plantar hyperhidrosis, botulinum toxin has demonstrated efficacy in different conditions associated with hyperhidrosis, such as dyshidrosis, multiple eccrine hidrocystomas, hidradenitis suppurativa, Frey syndrome, but also in different conditions worsened by hyperhidrosis such as Hailey-Hailey disease, Darier disease, inversed psoriasis, aquagenic palmoplantar keratoderma, pachyonychia congenital. Moreover, different cutaneous conditions associated with sensitive disorders and/or neurological involvements could benefit from botulinum toxin, for example anal fissures, leg ulcers, lichen simplex, notalgia paresthetica, vestibulitis. Endly, a case of cutis laxa was described where the patient was improved by cutaneous injections of botulinum toxin.
Asunto(s)
Toxinas Botulínicas/uso terapéutico , Fármacos Dermatológicos/uso terapéutico , Fármacos Neuromusculares/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades de la Piel/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedad de Darier/tratamiento farmacológico , Femenino , Fisura Anal/tratamiento farmacológico , Hidradenitis Supurativa/tratamiento farmacológico , Hidrocistoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Humanos , Hiperhidrosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Queratodermia Palmoplantar/tratamiento farmacológico , Úlcera de la Pierna/tratamiento farmacológico , Uñas Malformadas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neurodermatitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Parestesia/tratamiento farmacológico , Pénfigo Familiar Benigno/tratamiento farmacológico , Psoriasis/tratamiento farmacológico , Trastornos de la Sensación/tratamiento farmacológico , Sudoración Gustativa/tratamiento farmacológico , Resultado del Tratamiento , Vestibulitis Vulvar/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine if montelukast treatment improves symptoms in patients with vulvar vestibulitis. STUDY DESIGN: We administered montelukast to a series of patients with vestibulitis seen at the Pennsylvania State University Vulvodynia Clinic over a period of 2.5 years. We reviewed outcomes using a scoring scheme to quantify signs and symptoms, before and after treatment, in 29 montelukast-treated subjects and 18 subjects in a comparison group treated with standard therapies. RESULTS: Subjects treated with montelukast showed an average of 52% in improvement in symptoms as compared to a 15% improvement in the controls (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Montelukast is a viable treatment option for women with vulvar vestibulitis. This finding implies that leukotrienes have a role in the pathophysiology of vulvar vestibulitis.