The Influence of the Scout Movement as a Free Time Option on Improving Academic Performance, Self-Esteem and Social Skills in Adolescents.

The word scouting refers to the Scout movement, born more than a hundred years ago, which educates millions of young people between the ages of six and twenty-one in their leisure time. We aimed to study the effects of scouting on the academic results, social skills, and self-esteem of high school youths compared to a non-scout sample. The selected sample consisted of 430 secondary students aged between thirteen and seventeen. Self-esteem and social skills were measured, and the average mark of the total sample was analysed. After the study, it was shown that belonging to the scout movement significantly influences the improvement of academic results in formal education and conflict resolution; however, there are no statistically significant differences in self-esteem and other social skills.

Validation of the Lasher and Faulkender Anxiety about Aging Scale (AAS) for the Spanish Context.

Increased longevity has led to concerns and fears among the population about the inexorable process of ageing. This process causes individuals to become more anxious about the physical and psychosocial changes caused by the passage of time. However, there are currently no scales in the Spanish context that analyse ageing. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to validate the Anxiety about Aging scale to the Spanish context. In the present study, 594 subjects between 25 and 64 years old participated. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used. The results revealed that the factor structure of the questionnaire shows adequate psychometric properties, showing a four-factor factor structure.

Validation of the Index for Inclusion Questionnaire for Parents of Non-University Education Students.

The perspective from the parents of non-university students is essential in determining inclusive education in a school. The Index of Inclusion is one of the most widely used self-assessment tools and strategies to help teaching teams self-assess their political cultures and practices from the perspective of the values and principles of educational inclusion worldwide. For this reason, the present study intends to show evidence of validity of the Index for Inclusion questionnaire for parents of non-university education students, in a quantitative way, through a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). In this study, 108 fathers and 500 mothers took part, aged between 21 and 62 years (M = 43.59; SD = 6.64), whose children belonged to educational institutions throughout Spain. The results revealed adequate adjustment rates, showing invariant structure with respect to sex. The Index for Inclusion for families of non-university education students was shown to be a robust and adequate psychometric instrument to assess the degree of development of inclusive education in educational institutions from the perspective of the parents of said student body. The family is a basic pillar in the education of children and a reference for them. In addition, parents of non-university education students are configured as fundamental participatory elements of the child's educational institution thus; making the family a fundamental element that favors inclusive education. Precisely because of all this, the future administration of this questionnaire (to the parents of these students) is recommended.

Influencia de programas de actividad física en la calidad del sueño de personas mayores de 55 años / Influencia de programas de actividade física na qualidade do sono de pessoas maiores de 55 anos / Influence of physical fitness programas on quality of sleep among people over 55 year of age

Los trastornos del sueño suponen una importante patología clínica, por lo que adoptar hábitos saludables al dormir resulta clave para la calidad del sueño y de la vida. Por ello existe gran interés por adoptar medidas que prevengan sus efectos adversos, especialmente durante la vejez, destacando principalmente los programas de actividad física porque facilitan la activación de las estructuras cognoscitivas de los sujetos, aumentando su nivel de actividad, calidad de vida e higiene del sueño. Partiendo de dichas argumentaciones, se pretende comprobar, mediante un estudio cuasiexperimental, si una intervención con diferentes programas de actividad física puede producir cambios significativos en diversas variables relacionadas con la calidad del sueño en sujetos mayores de 55 años. Los resultados resaltan la utilidad de los programas de actividad física para mejorar su calidad del sueño. Se hace necesario investigar si invertir en este tipo de programas que favorecen la prevención y el mantenimiento de la salud y la calidad de vida de la persona, es más rentable que invertir en servicios sanitarios

Sleeping disorders are an important clinical pathology, but adopting healthy habits proves to be beneficial towards improving both quality of sleep and life. Consequently, there exists a great deal of interest in implementing measures that prevent the adverse effects of such disorders, particularly those that appear with old age. Most notable among these measures are physical fitness programs, as they facilitate the activation of cognitive structures among participants, increasing their level of activity, quality of life, and sleep hygiene. Taking these ideas as a starting point, it was the intention of the authors to verify, by means of a quasi-experimental study, whether the application of different physical fitness programs is able to produce significant changes in the different variables related to the quality of sleep among subjects over 55 years of age. The results highlight the usefulness of physical fitness programs for improving quality of sleep hygiene. As a result, this makes it necessary to evaluate whether investing in these types of programs, which favor the prevention of health problems and maintain overall health and quality of life among people, are more profitable than investing in healthcare services

Os transtornos do sono supõem uma importante patologia clínica, pelo que adoptar hábitos saudáveis ao dormir é de vital importância paraa qualidade do sono e da vida. Como tal, existe um grande interesse na adopção de medidas que previnam os seus efeitos adversos, especialmente durantea velhice, com principal destaque para os programas de actividade física uma vez que facilitam a activação das estruturas cognitivas dos sujeitos,aumentando o seu nível de actividade, qualidade de vida e higiene do sono. Partindo destes argumentos, pretende-se comprovar, mediante um estudoquase-experimental, se uma intervenção com diferentes programas de actividade física pode produzir mudanças significativas em diversas variáveisrelacionadas com a qualidade do sono em sujeitos maiores de 55 anos. Os resultados enfatizam a utilidade dos programas de actividade física paramelhorar a qualidade de sono. É igualmente necessário investigar se investir neste tipo de programas favorece a prevenção e manutenção da saúde e daqualidade de vida da pessoa, e se é mais rentável que investir em serviços de saúde

Cognición y autonomía en personas mayores dependientes / Cognition and autonomy in dependent elderly people

El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido relacionar el deterioro cognitivo en las personas mayores con la conservación de aquellas actividades de la vida cotidiana que resultan más complejas y que les proporcionan un estado de autonomía avanzado. La muestra ha estado compuesta por 472 pacientes (163 varones y 309 mujeres), con edades comprendidas entre 60 y 102 años. El diseño se corresponde con un estudio descriptivo correlacional de investigación evaluativa. Resultados. Se analizan los resultados obtenidos a través de la contestación a los instrumentos de evaluación SPMQ (Pfeiffer) y ESENP, contemplando el estado mental de los pacientes y comprobando el manejo de estos en cuanto a la realización de actividades de la vida diaria, así como la relación entre ambos factores teniendo en cuenta además si existen diferencias en función de las edades y el género. Conclusiones. Los datos registrados de este estudio muestran la relación que existe entre el deterioro cognitivo y la autonomía personal en personas mayores lo que permite definir con precisión qué necesidades reales demanda la población futura en cuanto a servicios sociales comunitarios, pudiéndolos utilizar con la intención de optimizar y ampliar dichos servicios (AU)

The aim of this work has been to relate the cognitive impairment in elderly people to the preservation of those daily life activities that turn out to be more complex and that provide them with a state of advanced autonomy. The sample has been composed of 472 patients (163 males and 309 women), at ages understood between 60 and 102 years. The design corresponds to the correlational descriptive study of evaluative investigation. Results. The results obtained have been analyzed though the answers to the instruments of evaluation SPMQ (Pfeiffer) and ESENP, contemplating the mental condition of the patients and verifying their managing of the daily life activities, as well as the relation between both factors taking into account differences depending on the ages and sexes. Conclusions. The information registered in this study shows us the relation that exists between cognitive deterioration and the personal autonomy in elderly people what allows to define accurately the real needs of the future population as for social community services, being able to use them with the intention of optimizing and extending the above mentioned services (AU)

Deterioro cognitivo y autonomía personal básica en personas mayores / Cognitive impairment and basic personal autonomy in old age adults

Este estudio pretende conocer el estado mental de personas mayores y qué actividades de la autonomía personal básica forman parte de su repertorio, comparando estas variables en función del sexo y la edad. También se ha querido investigar sobre el grado de relación entre el deterioro cognitivo en las personas mayores y su nivel de autonomía en actividades básicas (vestirse, lavarse, comer…). El propósito de la presente investigación es el de detectar las áreas más deficitarias que pudieran ser objeto de futuras intervenciones psicosociosanitarias en este sector. Los resultados obtenidos en esta investigación nos proporcionan un conocimiento fiable, hasta ahora inexistente, sobre las necesidades básicas que presentan estos sujetos, con edades comprendidas entre los 60 y los 102 años

This study pretends to meet the mental condition of aged and what activities of the basic personal autonomy area part of its repertoire, comparing these variables, attending to sex and age. Also it has wanted to be investigated on the degree of relation between the cognitive impair-ment in the major persons and his level of autonomy in basic activities The purpose of this investigation ist to detect the most deficit areas, which could be the object in the future for psichological, social and sanitary interventions in this field. The results of this investigation provide us with a reliable knowledge, till now unknown, about the real situation of these persons, aged between 60 and 102